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Wind power plant

This document discusses wind turbine power plants. It provides information on where electricity comes from, with coal being the largest source at 58%. It then discusses the basic components and workings of wind turbines, including how they convert wind energy into electrical energy. Different types of wind turbines like horizontal and vertical axis designs are described. The document also covers topics like the importance of wind speed for power generation, state-wise installed wind power capacities in India, major wind power companies, advantages and disadvantages of wind power.

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Power Plant• Wind Turbine•Mechanical Engineering•
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SUBJECT:- POWER PLANT ENGINEERING (3361906) TOPIC :- WIND TURBINE POWER PLANT NAME:- VARMORA RAXIT V. ENROLLMENT NO. :- 126470319045
Where do we get our electricity COAL 58% GAS HYDRO NUCLEAR DIESEL WIND COAL 58% WIND 3% GAS 10% HYDRO 26% NUCLEAR 2% DIESEL 1%
Introduction All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal power), ultimately comes from the sun. The earth receives 1.74 x 1017 watts of power (per hour) from the sun. About one or 2 percent of this energy is converted to wind energy (which is about 50-100 times more than the energy converted to biomass by all plants on earth.
A wind turbine obtains its power input by converting the force of the wind into a torque (turning force) acting on the rotor blades. The amount of energy which the wind transfers to the rotor depends on the density of the air, the rotor area, and the wind speed.  A typical 600 kW wind turbine has a rotor diameter of 43-44 meters, i.e. a rotor area of some 1,500 square meters. The rotor area determines how much energy a wind turbine is able to harvest from the wind.
1 - Foundation 2 - Connection to the electric grid 3 - Tower 4 - Access ladder 5 - Wind orientation control (Yaw control) 6 - Nacelle 7 - Generator 8 - Anemometer 9 - Electric or Mechanical brake 10 - Gearbox 11 - Rotor blade 12 - Blade pitch control 13 - Rotor hub Typical wind turbine components
Types of wind turbine Vertical axis wind turbine Horizontal axis wind turbine
 A Windmill captures wind energy and then uses a generator to convert it to electrical energy.  The design of a windmill is an integral part of how efficient it will be.  When designing a windmill, one must decide on the size of the turbine, and the size of the generator. Working principal and design criteria
A windmill built so that it too severely interrupts the airflow through its cross section will reduce the effective wind velocity at its location and divert much of the airflow around itself. Modern Windmills can attain an efficiency of about 60 % of the theoretical maximum. Most common design is the three-bladed turbine. The most important reason is the stability of the turbine. A rotor with an odd number of rotor blades (and at least three blades) can be considered to be similar to a disc when calculating the dynamic properties of the machine.
 A rotor with an even number of blades will give stability problems for a machine with a stiff structure. The reason is that at the very moment when the uppermost blade bends backwards, because it gets the maximum power from the wind, the lowermost blade passes into the wind shade in front of the tower. 3-BLADE 2-BLADE 1-BLADE
Calculation of wind power  = Effect of air density, A = Effect of swept area, V = Effect of wind speed. R Swept Area: A = πR2 - Area of the circle swept by the rotor (m2). Power in the Wind = ½ρAV3
Importance of wind speed  No other factor is more important to the amount of power available in the wind than the speed of the wind.  Power is a cubic function of wind speed V X V X V  20% increase in wind speed means 73% more power.  Doubling wind speed means 8 times more power.
State wise installed capacity State Gross Potential(MW) Total capacity (MW) (31-09-04) Andhra pradesh 8275 122.5 gujarat 9675 1252.9 karnataka 6620 1011.4 Kerala 875 10.5 Madhya pradesh 5500 187.7 Maharashtra 3650 1755.9 Rajasthan 5400 538.8 Tamil nadu 3050 3873.4 West bengal 450 1.10 Others 2990 3.2 Total (All India) 45195 8757.2
Essel Mining & Industries Ltd. 75 MW Aban Loyd Chiles O. Ltd. 65.985 MW Bajaj Auto Ltd 65.2 MW Madras Cement Ltd. 45.835 MW NEPC Micon 43.85 MW Ramgad Minerals & Mining Pvt. Ltd. 41.9 MW Soundararaja Mills Ltd. 34.8 MW Godavat Pan Masala 33.88 MW Enercon (Windfarm) India Ltd. 33.6 MW Vishal Export Overseas Ltd 32 MW List of Wind Power Promoters
Nuziveedu Seeds Ltd 31.85 MW Rajasthan Ren. Energy Corp. Ltd. 31.65 MW Dhariwal Industries Ltd 29.95 MW REI Agro Limited 29.9 MW Tata Finance Ltd 29.45 MW Ashok Leyland Fin. Ltd 29.175 MW KPR Mill Pvt. Ltd. 28.67 MW Tamilnadu Newsprint & Paper Ltd 28 MW Ellora Times Ltd. 27.9 MW Gujarat NRE Coke Ltd 27.5 MW Shanmugavel Group 25.5 MW Best & Co. 25 MW
Power Finance Corp. 24 MW Rajasthan State Mines & Minerals Ltd. 22.3 MW NEG-Micon (I) P. Ltd. 21.15 MW Nishkalp Investment & Trading 20.95 MW Gujarat Guardian Ltd. 19.6 MW Jindal Alluminiam Ltd 19.04 MW Weizmann Ltd 19 MW DJ Malpani 18.15 MW Savita Chemicals Ltd 17.9 MW Chettinad Cement Corp. 17.35 MW Tata Power Company Ltd. 17 MW CEPCO 16.375 MW Rasi Seeds (P) Ltd. 16.25 MW Bannari Amman Spinning Mills Ltd. 16.2 MW
Produced electricity distribution
The wind blows day and night, which allows windmills to produce electricity throughout the day. (Faster during the day)  Energy output from a wind turbine will vary as the wind varies, although the most rapid variations will to some extent be compensated for by the inertia of the wind turbine rotor.  Wind energy is a domestic, renewable source of energy that generates no pollution and has little environmental impact. Advantages of Wind Power
 Up to 95 percent of land used for wind farms can also be used for other profitable activities including ranching, farming and forestry.  The decreasing cost of wind power and the growing interest in renewable energy sources should ensure that wind power will become a viable energy source in the United States and worldwide.
 Wind Turbines and the Landscape - Large turbines don’t turn as fast  attract less attention - City dwellers “dwell” on the attention attracted by windmills  Sound from Wind Turbines - Increasing tip speed  less sound - The closest neighbor is usually 300 m  experiences almost no noise Disadvantages
 The only known site with bird collision problems is located in the Altamont Pass in California.  Danish Ministry of the Environment study revealed that power lines are a much greater danger to birds than the wind turbines.  Some birds even nest on cages on Wind Towers.
Wind power plant