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VLSI training PPT, vinay

This document provides an overview of VLSI design. It discusses VLSI introduction and benefits, integrated circuit classification including SSI, MSI, LSI, and VLSI. The VLSI design flow is presented. HDL coding and combinational and sequential circuit design are covered. Finite state machines including Mealy and Moore models are described. An overview of system design using FPGAs is given. Finally, applications of VLSI in consumer electronics, automotive, telecommunications, and healthcare are summarized.

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SUMMER INTERNSHIP ON VLSI DESIGN at INTERNSHALA TRAINING SUBMITED TO: Mr.Rakesh Patel sir SUBMITTED BY: Vinay Kumar Rathor Branch-ECE Enroll. No.-0601EC201068 INDIRA GANDHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SAGAR M.P.
Contents :  VLSI Introduction.  IC & classification.  VLSI design flow.  HDL Coding  Combinational Circuit  Sequential Circuit Design  Finite-State-Machine  VLSI applications
VLSI INTRODUCTION:  Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the process of creating an integrated circuit (IC) by combining thousands of transistors into a single chip.  Before the introduction of VLSI technology, most ICs had a limited set of functions they could perform. An electronic circuit might consist of a CPU,ROM,RAM and other glue logic. VLSI lets IC designers add all of these into one chip.  These ICs are used in a variety of electronic devices ranging from simple handheld devices to complex supercomputers.
WHY VLSI :  It shrinks circuits in size.  Low manufacturing cost.  Low power consumption.  Circuits functioning speed is being increased.  Physically smaller than other methods.  Higher reliability
IC & CLSSIFICATION  An integrated circuit (IC) is small Silicon semiconductor crystal called a chip, containing the electronic components for the digital gates.  The various gates are interconnected inside the chip to form the required circuit.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF IC  Classification of Ics can be classified on the basis of their chip size as given below: 1) Small-scale integration (SSI): devices contain several independent gates in a single package.  It have less than 100 component.(about 10 gates).  Early linear ICs such as the Plessey SL201 or the Philips TAA320 had as few as two transistors.
2) Medium-scale integration (MSI):  An integrated circuit that contains between 30 and 1,000 electronic components on a single circuit or microchip is known as Medium-Scale Integration .  Medium-scale integration was developed in 1964, by Frank Wanlass an American electrical engineer.
3) Large-scale integration (LSI):  Large-scale integration is a situation in which a chip has tens of thousands of transistors on it.  A microprocessor is a clock-driven semiconductor device consisting of electronic logic circuits manufactured by using a large-scale integration technique.
4)Very large-scale integration (VLSI):  VLSI is the process of creating integrated circuits by combining thousands of transistors into a single chip.  Before the introduction of VLSI technology, most ICs had a limited set of functions they could perform.  An electronic circuit might consist of a CPU, ROM, RAM and other glue logic. VLSI lets IC designers add all of these into one chip.
VLSI design flow:  The VLSI IC circuits design flow is shown in the figure below.
HDL COADING:  Verilog is a HARDWARE DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE (HDL). It is a language used for describing a digital system like a network switch or a microprocessor or a memory or a flip−flop.  Using a HDL we can describe any digital hardware at any level. very easy for designing and debugging, and are normally more useful than schematics, particularly for large circuits.  Verilog supports a design at many levels of abstraction. The major three are − • Behavioral level • Register-transfer level • Gate level
COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS:  In digital electronics, a combinational circuit is a circuit in which the output depends on the present combination of inputs. Combinational circuits are made up of logic gates.  Combinational circuits are commonly used to perform logical operations, such as AND, OR, and NOT, on binary inputs. They are also used to implement digital circuits that perform arithmetic operations, such as addition and subtraction, and to implement digital circuits that perform data manipulation, such as data encoding and decoding.  Examples of combinational circuits: Adder, Subtractor, Converter, Multiplexer,and Encoder/Decoder
SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT DESIGN:  The sequential circuit is a special type of circuit that has a series of inputs and outputs. The outputs of the sequential circuits depend on both the combination of present inputs and previous outputs.  Sequential circuits are commonly used in digital systems to implement state machines, timers, counters, and memory elements.  There are two types of sequential circuit: • Synchronous • Asynchronous
SYNCHRONOUS AND ASYNCHRONOUS CIRCUIT:  SYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT: Synchronous sequential circuits are digital circuits that use clock signals to determine the timing of their operations. They are commonly used in digital systems to implement timers, counters, and memory elements.  ASYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT: Asynchronous circuit is a sequential digital logic circuit that does not use a global clock circuit or signal generator to synchronize its components.
FINITE STATE MACHINE:  The Finite State Machine is an abstract mathematical model of a sequential logic function. It has finite inputs, outputs and number of states. FSMs are implemented in real-life circuits through the use of Flip Flops.  A synchronous sequential circuit is also called as Finite State Machine FSM if it has finite number of states.  There are two types of FSM. • Mealy State Machine • Moore State Machine
MEALY AND MOORE MACHINE:  MEALY MACHINE: Mealy machine is a finite-state-machine whose output values are determined both by its current state and the current inputs, its called mealy model or machine.  MOORE MACHINE: Moore machine is a finite-state-machine whose current output values are determined only by its current state, Its called moore model or machine.
SYSTEM DESIGN USING FPGA:  Field Programmable Gate Arrays are semiconductor devices that are based around a matrix of configurable logic blocks (CLBs) connected via programmable interconnects.  FPGAs can be reprogrammed to desired application or functionality requirements after manufacturing.
VLSI APPLICATIONS:  Consumer Electronics: VLSI technology has transformed the consumer electronics industry, enabling the development of smartphones, tablets, gaming consoles, and smartwatches  Automotive Industry: In the automotive sector, VLSI technology has revolutionized vehicle functionality and safety. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), infotainment systems, and Engine Control Units (ECUs) utilize VLSI chips to enable features.
 Telecommunications: VLSI technology important role in telecommunications industry. It has facilitated the development of high-speed network infrastructure, 5G wireless communication, and advanced mobile devices.  Healthcare: VLSI technology has had a significant impact on healthcare, enabling the development of medical imaging devices, wearable health monitors, and implantable medical devices. These devices provide accurate diagnostics, real-time monitoring, and improved patient care.
VLSI training PPT, vinay