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Ventricular tachyarrhythmias

Ventricular tachyarrhythmias include ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular tachycardia is caused by conditions like myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, and ischemic heart disease and involves abnormal automaticity or re-entry in the ventricles. It presents with palpitations, dizziness, dyspnea, and syncope and is seen on ECG as a fast ventricular rhythm over 120 bpm with broad complexes. Ventricular fibrillation causes ineffective, uncoordinated ventricular contractions with no pulse and can result from very fast ventricular tachycardia or in the setting of severe left ventricular impairment; it appears as irregular, chaotic ventricular complexes on ECG.

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Ventricular tachyarrhythmias
Ventricular tachycardia • Causes -acute myocardial infarction -cardiomyopathy -chronic ischemic heart disease • Etiopathogenesis -abnormal automaticity or triggered activity in ischemic tissue or -by re-entry within diseased ventricular tissue.
• Occasionally occur in patients with otherwise healthy hearts (‘normal heart VT’) • Caused by abnormal automaticity in the right ventricular outflow tract or one of the fascicles of the left bundle branch
• Clinical features -palpitation -dizziness -dyspnoea -syncope • ECG shows tachycardia with broad, abnormal QRS complexes with a rate above 120/min.
Ventricular fibrillation • The most common and most easily treatable cardiac arrest rhythms. • Produces rapid, ineffective, uncoordinated movement of the ventricles, which therefore produce no pulse.
• Cause: ventricular tachycardia -ventricular rate is rapid effective mechanical contraction and relaxation cannot occur/if it occurs in the presence of severe left ventricular impairment this rhythm degenerate into ventricular fibrillation.
• ECG shows chaotic, bizarre, irregular ventricular complexes