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Aortic stenosis

Aortic stenosis is a progressive disease where the aortic valve narrows over time. It affects the semi-lunar valve located in the aorta. As the valve thickens and becomes stiffer, the aorta narrows creating a smaller opening and increased resistance to blood flow. Common causes are rheumatic fever, congenital valve deformities, and calcification of the valve. Symptoms include shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, and syncope. Treatments may include valve replacement, valvuloplasty, or medications to manage blood pressure.

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Aortic Stenosis By: Heather Voignier LPN
A progressive disease that causes the Aortic valve to narrow. The disease is specific to the semi lunar valve of the aorta and the aortic artery. What is Aortic Stenosis?
The left ventricle is filling with oxygenated blood preparing to leave the heart. Contraction pressure greater than aortic pressure causes it to open Blood exits the heart through an artery called Aorta. Flows against Aortic resistance (lumen) Blood enters coronary circulation and systemic. Normal Function of Anatomy
Semi lunar shaped Three cups Large lumen=low resistance Elastic a flexible Pressure reservoir Click Picture Anatomy continued…
Because the valve is thickened it becomes stiffer, and heavier The Aorta narrows, smaller lumen Increased turbulence of blood flow Resistance increased Pathophysiology of Aortic Stenosis
The dynamic between flow, pressure, and resistance change. Flow decreases Pressure increases Resistance increases Cardiac output is increased Enlarged left ventricle Aorta narrows Aortic stenosis con’d…
Rheumatic fever (think strep throat and scarlet fever) Caused be group A Streptococcus Characterized by hurting joints, last outbreak 1980’s Occurs 5-10 years after the rheumatic fever More common in men than women Turner’s Syndrome Congenital valve deformity Build up or calcification of valve (most common) Causes of Aortic Stenosis
Sounds of Aortic Stenosis Early Stenosis murmur Listen at the 2nd intercostal space, to the right of the sternal margin Late Stenosis Murmur
Short of breath with no activity Chest pain (left) relived with rest, worse with activity Dizziness and/or syncope Narrow pulse pressure Palpitations Child, failure to gain weight Poor feeding Shortness of breath (noticed early) Signs and symptoms 160 95
Valve replacement Valvuloplasty Medicines to reduce blood pressure Less use of antibiotics Treatments
Conclusion