Aortic Stenosis after spread in human body.pptx

Aortic Stenosis after spread in human body.pptx

• 1.
  Aortic Stenosis Group no05 Fgt POD Tharaka Lmeda RMSS Rajamanthri Meda HTKD Priyanga
• 2.
  Etiology Aortic stenosis isthe narrowing of the aortic valve opening, which restricts blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta.
• 3.
  1. Congenital Causes Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV): Instead of three cusps, the valve has two, leading to early calcification and stenosis. Common in younger patients.
• 4.
  2. Acquired Causes Rheumatic Fever: Inflammatory disease following a streptococcal infection can cause valve leaflet thickening and fusion, leading to stenosis (often seen in developing countries).
• 5.
  3. Degenerative CalcificAortic Stenosis  Age-related Calcification: Most common in older adults. Progressive calcification of the valve leaflets due to wear and tear over time.
• 6.
  Signs and Symptomsof Aortic Stenosis  Aortic stenosis can be asymptomatic for years but may present with classic symptoms as the disease progresses.
• 7.
  Symptoms  Angina (ChestPain)  Dyspnea (Shortness of Breath)  Fatigue (especially during activity)  Palpitations  Dizziness  Orthopnea (shortness of breath when lying flat)  Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (waking up breathless at night)  Reduced exercise tolerance
• 8.
  Signs  Slow-rising andweak pulse (pulsus parvus et tardus)  Narrow pulse pressure  Systolic thrill over the aortic area  Left ventricular heave
• 9.
  Aortic Stenosis –Medical and Surgical Treatment Medical Management  Diuretics – for heart failure symptoms (use with caution to avoid hypotension)  Beta-blockers or ACE inhibitors  Avoid strenuous activity – especially in symptomatic patients
• 10.
  Surgical Treatment a. SurgicalAortic Valve Replacement (SAVR) Open-heart surgery to replace the stenotic valve b. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI / TAVR): Minimally invasive, catheter-based procedureIdeal for elderly patients or those at high surgical risk
• 12.
  c. Balloon Valvuloplasty: emporaryrelief, often used in children or as a bridge to surgery in adults