This document discusses industrial rocks, minerals, and metals that are important resources. It then covers the history of industrialization from the 18th century onwards and factors influencing the location of industries. Finally, it provides statistics on Spain's economy, including the declining importance of industry and rise of the service sector over recent decades.
ACCORDING TO THEIRPOSITION
IN THE PRODUCTION PROCESS
HEAVY
INDUSTRY
CAPITAL
GOODS
INDUSTRY
CONSUMER
GOODS
INDUSTRY
43.
ACCORDING THE WEIGHTOF
THE RAW MATERIALS
HEAVY
INDUSTRY
SEMI-HEAVY
INDUSTRY
LIGHT
INDUSTRY
ACCORDING ITS TECHNOLOGY
LOW
TECHNOLOGY
MATURE
INDUSTRY
HIGH-TECH
INDUSTRY
44.
MAIN OBJECTIVE:
TO PRODUCETHE BIGGEST YIELD AT THE LOWEST COST
TRADITIONAL
FACTORS
• Proximity to raw materials
and energy sources
• Proximity to markets
• Proximity to ports and
transport routes
• Abundance of low-skilled
labour and sources of capital
CURRENT
FACTORS
• Accessibility to raw materials
and energy sources
• Abundance of cheap labour
or highly-skilled workers
• Economic policies:
willingness of governments
in terms of location,
financing, innovation,
regulations, etc.
CONTEMPORARY INDUSTRIAL AREAS
CENTRESFOR ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGIES
Developed countries
Abundance of qualified workers
Research and development
HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES
Modern industries
Advanced electric development and
innovation
Consumer good industries
47.
CONTEMPORARY INDUSTRIAL AREAS
INDUSTRIALPARKS OR INDUSTRIAL
STATES
Outside urban centres
Light industries and offices
MATURE OR LOW-TECHNOLOGY
INDUSTRIES
In emerging or underdeveloped
countries
Require low-cost labour force
Offshored production
48.
HISTORICAL
INDUSTRIAL
REGIONS (TRIAD)
• Advancedtechnology:
high-tech, innovative,
etc.
• Loss of other industries
Offshoring
• Qualified workers
• High-spending capacity
of local markets
• Highly developed
industries
• Increasing industrialisation
• Exploitation of natural
resources
• Globalisation and
offshoring
EMERGING
COUNTRIES
LEAST
INDUSTRIALISED
COUNTRIES
• Poorest countries
• Limited industrialisation
• Lack of natural resources and
capital for development
• Limited markets
• Poor communications
49.
Employment by sector:Secondary sector: 25,7 %.
Industry: 14,1 %
Construction: 9,9 %
Energy (0.7%)