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INDUSTRIAL ROCKS MINERALS
• Energy rocks or fossil fuels
• Useful rocks for construction.
• Precious stones.
• Useful minerals (iron, copper, lead,
etc.)
• Precious metals (gold, silver,
platinum, etc.).
• Strategic minerals (uranium, coltan,
etc.).
Coal deposits
Natural gas production
Oil production
Iron mining
Gold mining
Diamond production
2017
ARTISANAL INDUSTRY
FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (1770-1850)
SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
(1850-1950)
THIRD INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (from 1950 onwards)
ACCORDING TO THEIR POSITION
IN THE PRODUCTION PROCESS
HEAVY
INDUSTRY
CAPITAL
GOODS
INDUSTRY
CONSUMER
GOODS
INDUSTRY
ACCORDING THE WEIGHT OF
THE RAW MATERIALS
HEAVY
INDUSTRY
SEMI-HEAVY
INDUSTRY
LIGHT
INDUSTRY
ACCORDING ITS TECHNOLOGY
LOW
TECHNOLOGY
MATURE
INDUSTRY
HIGH-TECH
INDUSTRY
MAIN OBJECTIVE:
TO PRODUCE THE BIGGEST YIELD AT THE LOWEST COST
TRADITIONAL
FACTORS
• Proximity to raw materials
and energy sources
• Proximity to markets
• Proximity to ports and
transport routes
• Abundance of low-skilled
labour and sources of capital
CURRENT
FACTORS
• Accessibility to raw materials
and energy sources
• Abundance of cheap labour
or highly-skilled workers
• Economic policies:
willingness of governments
in terms of location,
financing, innovation,
regulations, etc.
ORIGINAL INDUSTRIAL AREAS
CONTEMPORARY INDUSTRIAL AREAS
CENTRES FOR ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGIES
Developed countries
Abundance of qualified workers
Research and development
HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES
Modern industries
Advanced electric development and
innovation
Consumer good industries
CONTEMPORARY INDUSTRIAL AREAS
INDUSTRIAL PARKS OR INDUSTRIAL
STATES
Outside urban centres
Light industries and offices
MATURE OR LOW-TECHNOLOGY
INDUSTRIES
In emerging or underdeveloped
countries
Require low-cost labour force
Offshored production
HISTORICAL
INDUSTRIAL
REGIONS (TRIAD)
• Advanced technology:
high-tech, innovative,
etc.
• Loss of other industries
 Offshoring
• Qualified workers
• High-spending capacity
of local markets
• Highly developed
industries
• Increasing industrialisation
• Exploitation of natural
resources
• Globalisation and
offshoring
EMERGING
COUNTRIES
LEAST
INDUSTRIALISED
COUNTRIES
• Poorest countries
• Limited industrialisation
• Lack of natural resources and
capital for development
• Limited markets
• Poor communications
Employment by sector: Secondary sector: 25,7 %.
Industry: 14,1 %
Construction: 9,9 %
Energy (0.7%)
Year
Primary
sector
Industry and
energy
Construction Services
1970 11,0 34,0 8,8 46,3
1980 7,0 28,6 7,9 56,5
1990 5,5 25,1 8,8 60,6
2000 4,4 20,9 8,3 66,4
2005 3,1 18,4 11,6 66,8
2009 2,5 15,1 10,7 71,7
2010 2,7 15,6 10,1 71,6
GDP per economic sector in Spain (%)
MINING: GDP %
1970-2015
Energy consumption in Spain: origins
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)
Unit 3 - The Secondary Sector (ppt)