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Uploaded byAnjali Bhardwaj
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Nomenclature Of Organic Compounds (2)

Bioorganic chemistry studies the relationship between the structures of organic compounds and their biological functions. It examines natural biologically important compounds like biopolymers, vitamins, hormones, antibiotics, and pheromones, as well as synthetic regulators of biological processes like drugs and pesticides. The structure and presence of functional groups in a molecule determine a compound's chemical properties. Nomenclature describes the complete structure of organic molecules using various naming systems, including trivial, radicofunctional, and IUPAC substitutive nomenclature.

Education◦
Bioorganic chemistry study the relationship between the structure of organic compounds and their biological functions. Studyind objects  natural biologically important compounds (biopolymers, vitamins, hormones, antibiotics, pheromones, etc.);  synthetic regulators of biological processes (drugs, pesticides, etc.).
 a structure of molecular framework;  the presence of functional groups in molecule. Functional group is an atom or a group of atoms of non-hydrocarbon origin that determine chemical properties of a compound.
Nomenclature is an arrangement of terms that describes complete structure of organic molecules. - trivial nomenclature - radicofunctional nomenclature - substitutive nomenclature IUPAC
Parent name – a part of the name used for the formation of a particular name according to the appointed rules. Characteristic group – this term is equal to the term functional group. Principal (senior) group – the characteristic group chosen for expression as a suffix in a particular name, this group has no other advantages over remainder groups. Substituent – any atom or group replacing hydrogen of a parent compound. Radical – a part of a molecule that remains after removal of one or more hydrogen atoms from it. Locant – a numeral or a letter showing a position of a substituent or a multiple bond in a parent structure. Multiplaying affix – sullables di-, tri-, tetra-, etc., which are used to indicate a set of identical substituents or multiple bonds.
Step 1 Determine the kind of characteristic group for use as principal group, if any. principal group
Step 2 Determine the parent structure (principal chain or parent ring system).
Step 3 Name the parent structure and the principal group(s). pentane al
Step 4 Determine and name prefixes. pentane methyl al hydroxy
Step 5 Complete the numbering. pentane methyl al hydroxy 12345
Step 6 Assemble the partial name into a complete name, using the alphabetic order. 4-hydroxy-3-methylpentanal 12345
4-hydroxy-3-methyl pentan al