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Chapter 4 : Laundry

This document describes the key steps and processes involved in commercial laundry operations, including: 1) Collecting soiled linen from rooms and sorting items based on degree of soiling, color, and fabric type to efficiently clean different materials. 2) Using washers, dryers, ironing machines, and folders to clean, dry, press, and finish linen items. A variety of chemicals are added to water in the washing process to aid in soil removal and disinfection. 3) Ensuring linen is properly cleaned, rinsed, slightly moist, and free of wrinkles before folding and returning to rooms. Large properties benefit from automated folding machines for productivity.

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A place where the washing and A place where the washing and finishing of clothes and other finishing of clothes and other washable article are carried washable article are carried out. out.
a) Collecting Soiled Linen Room attendant will strip linen from bed & bath areas and put into the linen beg which attached on the maid’s trolley. Make sure all linens do not pile on the floor. Its important to make sure maid’s will not misuse the linen to clean spills and wipe smudges.
Linen will be send to laundry either hand-carried or using cart. Runner who carry linen are not allowed to drag the linen on the floor because it can cause accident. The linen cart must be free from anything that can tear the linen.
b) Sorting and Stain Removal - In-house laundry must have large enough sorting area for daily operation. - Soiled linen should be sorted according to the degree of soiling, colours and linen type. - It is important to prevent damage to the linen and prolonged the life of the linen.
 Sorting by degree of soiling  Heavily soiled items required heavy-duty wash formula and need longer washing time.  Lightly (bed sheet) & moderated (pillow cases) soiled linen are washed with gentler formula and in fewer washing cycle.
 Sorting will make the cleaning process more efficient & maintain the quality of linen.  If not linen will over processed & cause wastage of detergent, energy, water and damaged to the linen and fabrics.
 Sorting by linen type  Different fiber, weaves and colour required different cleaning formula and washing methods.  It can ensure the right temperature and formula for the fabrics.  For example: wool requires mild formula and gentle agitation.
 Sorting by colour of linen  The white items must be washed separately from other items.  Coloured should not be washed with chlorine bleach.  Newly coloured linen should be washed separately.
 Alcoholic beveraged Soak linen in cold water. Then, sponge with liquid detergent & rinse. Put a few drop of vinegar in rinse water.
 blood Soak in cold water then wash with detergent in warm water. If stain persist, soakin lukewarm water & If stain persist, soakin lukewarm water & add 3 tablespoon of ammonia to a gallon add 3 tablespoon of ammonia to a gallon of water (at least half an hour) of water (at least half an hour) Lastly, wash it with detergent Lastly, wash it with detergent again. again.
 cosmetics Sponge with heavy Sponge with heavy detergent. Repeat until detergent. Repeat until the stains are removed. the stains are removed. For some fabrics, wait For some fabrics, wait until it dries to produce a until it dries to produce a better result. better result.  egg Never use hot water because the Never use hot water because the stain will set permanently. stain will set permanently. If dried, scrape using sponge with If dried, scrape using sponge with cold water and use detergent. cold water and use detergent.
 perspiration Sponge fresh stain with Sponge fresh stain with ammonia and older one ammonia and older one with vinegar. with vinegar. Also can use cleaning Also can use cleaning fluid. fluid.
-After linens are sorted, laundry workers collect batches of laundry and deliver them to washer. -Linen should be weighed before put into washer to ensure that washers are not overloaded. -Most OPL rely on chemicals used in the washer to clean linens.
WATER -water is the major chemical used in the laundry process. -perfectly safe to drink water may not be suitable for washing items, so chemicals can be added to water to help it clean better. -Many OPL operators recommend testing the laundry’s water supply to identify potential problems.
These chemicals aid soil removal and act as antibacterial agents and fabric softeners. - -Builders or alkalis are often added to synthetic detergents to soften water and remove oils and grease. -Built soap are generally used on heavily soiled fabrics: pure soaps are reserved for more lightly soiled items.
 Brighteners keep fabrics looking new and colours close to their original shade. These chemicals are often premixed with detergents and soaps.
     As with washers, it is important to have sufficient capacity and automatic controls. Do not switch on the dryer before using because it will cause hot spots and can damage the fabric. Tumble dryer is the most popular. It has two drums, the first drum produces the hot air and the second spin the linens after washing. There are three levels of temperature: low, medium and high. This dryer also has a time controller that is from 0 to 60 minutes. After the drying process, it must be followed by cooling process to avoid damage and wrinkling. It will also help the workers to take the linens out easily because cooling process can decrease the heat of the linens.
The purpose of ironing is to tidy up the linens and to ensure the linens are free from wrinkle. Sometimes pressing must be done. The linens such as bed sheet, pillow cases, table cloth and napkin must be a bit moisture before putting it in the flatbed iron. Ironers roll over the item; pressers flatten the item
Laundry must be free of soils, well rinsed, and have a slight amount of moisture when it is fed into an ironer or placed on a presser. Soil and chemical residues can adhere to the equipment’s surface and result in stains on the fabric or cause items to roll.
Steam iron is not suitable for all types of linens for example ‘acrylics’ Use a clean container to avoid dirty mark on the line.  
This machine has a spinning steel heater. The flat fabric is placed in between the steel heater and it will automatically press the fabric. The advantage of this machine is it saves time during pressing but it is very expensive and need a wide space for ironing  
Fold the bed sheets and tablecloths before pressing. Heated the machine before using.
All irons are equipped with the thermostat to control the electricity to the heater in different temperature. Make sure the linens are dry before pressing because it will make the linens rough.
The simplest folder anchors one end of the item so that it can actually complete the drying process and iron the item and even stack it. Some also have a spreader function that actually spreads out the item as it is fed into the machine
Folders with special counters free up attendants from the tedious job of having to count out how many napkins, sheets, or tablecloths are run through before adjusting the machine to a different width or length. Computerized units are self-adjusting. A master count of work can be set each day.
Units without these features require the attendant to preset the quantity to be folded, and then reset it once adjustment is made for producing a different length or width. Small properties that do not have a large or varied volume of laundry do not need such fully automated machinery. However, in large properties, speed and accuracy increase productivity markedly.
Chapter 4 : Laundry
Chapter 4 : Laundry