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  What Is Programming? Programmingis the process of writing code—a set of instructions—that a computer can understand and follow. These instructions tell the computer how to perform tasks like calculations, displaying information Key Concepts:1. Syntax The rules for writing the code (like grammar in English). Example: In Python, you write print("Hello") to show a message 2. Semantics The meaning of the instructions.For example, print("Hello") means "show the word Hello on the screen".
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  3. Variables Used tostore data Example: x = 5 4. Data Types Types of data like numbers, text, lists, etc. Example: int, float, string
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  5. Control Structures Makingdecisions (if, else) or repeating actions (for, while loops). 6. Functions Reusable pieces of code that perform a specific task.Example: def greet(): print("Hi")
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  7. Compilers/Interpreters Tools thatconvert code into a language the computer understands. Examples of Programming Languages: Python – Easy to learn, great for beginners. Java – Widely used in business applications. C++ – Powerful and fast, used for systems and games. JavaScript – Used in web development. C# – Popular for Windows apps and game development.