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Uploaded byChele Marceau-Burch
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Skeletal System

The skeletal system has five main functions: movement, support, protection, blood cell production, and mineral storage. It is made up of bones and joints, with four basic bone shapes. The document describes the main bones in the skull, spine, shoulders, arms, hands, pelvis, legs, and feet. It also outlines the different joint types and connectors like ligaments and tendons. Common skeletal system problems are discussed like fractures, dislocations, sprains, arthritis, scoliosis, and osteoporosis.

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Skeletal SystemSkeletal System Mrs. BurchMrs. Burch Modified from Mr. Gerlach’s PowerPointModified from Mr. Gerlach’s PowerPoint
There are 5 Functions of theThere are 5 Functions of the Skeletal SystemSkeletal System https://www.zygote.com/poly-models/3d-male-systems/3d-male-skeletonhttps://www.zygote.com/poly-models/3d-male-systems/3d-male-skeleton
The 1The 1stst function isfunction is MovementMovement Skeletal system provides points ofSkeletal system provides points of attachment for muscles.attachment for muscles. Your legsYour legs and arms move when the musclesand arms move when the muscles pull on the bones.pull on the bones. Muscle attached toMuscle attached to bones!!bones!!
The 2The 2ndnd function isfunction is SupportSupport The backbone is the main supportThe backbone is the main support center for the upper body.center for the upper body. ItIt holds your head up and protectsholds your head up and protects your spinal cordyour spinal cord..
The 3The 3rdrd function isfunction is ProtectionProtection The bones of your skull protectThe bones of your skull protect your brain. Your ribs protect youryour brain. Your ribs protect your lungs and heart from injury.lungs and heart from injury.
The 4The 4thth function isfunction is Making BloodMaking Blood Red and white blood cells areRed and white blood cells are formed by tissue called marrow,formed by tissue called marrow, which is in the center of the bone.which is in the center of the bone. https://fbresearch.org/leukemia-improving-efficiency-of-bone-marrow-transplants/
The 5The 5thth function isfunction is StorageStorage Bones store mineralsBones store minerals, such as, such as calcium and phosphorus, for use bycalcium and phosphorus, for use by the bodythe body
Types of BonesTypes of Bones ►Four basic bone shapesFour basic bone shapes  1. Long- arms, legs and fingers1. Long- arms, legs and fingers  2. Short- wrist and ankles2. Short- wrist and ankles  3. Flat- skull and sternum3. Flat- skull and sternum  4. Irregular- spine4. Irregular- spine
Bone StructureBone Structure ► Typical Four Layers:Typical Four Layers:  Periosteum:Periosteum: CoversCovers BonesBones  Compact Bone:Compact Bone: LiesLies beneath thebeneath the periosteumperiosteum  Spongy Bone:Spongy Bone: LiesLies beneath the compactbeneath the compact bonebone  Bone Marrow:Bone Marrow: Fills theFills the gaps between thegaps between the spongy bonespongy bone
Cranium BonesCranium Bones Frontal Bone Occipital Bone Temporal Bone Parietal Bone Parietal Bone
Clavicle, or CollarboneClavicle, or Collarbone ► TheThe clavicleclavicle, or collar, or collar bone,bone, holds theholds the shoulder joint awayshoulder joint away from the rest of thefrom the rest of the upper bodyupper body and is onlyand is only as thick as your littleas thick as your little finger.finger.
ScapulaScapula ► TheThe scapulascapula is locatedis located on the back side of theon the back side of the ribcage and helps provideribcage and helps provide part of the shoulder jointpart of the shoulder joint and movement for theand movement for the arms.arms.
Vertebral Column, or Spinal ColumnVertebral Column, or Spinal Column The spine isThe spine is made of 33made of 33 vertebrae.vertebrae. https://gmb.io/spine/
Coccyx and SacrumCoccyx and Sacrum
Humerus (Upper Arm Bone)Humerus (Upper Arm Bone)
Radius and UlnaRadius and Ulna ►Radius on TopRadius on Top ►Ulna on BottomUlna on Bottom
Carpals or (Wrist Bones)Carpals or (Wrist Bones)
Metacarpals (Top of Hands)Metacarpals (Top of Hands)
Phalanges (Little Fingers)Phalanges (Little Fingers)
Rib CageRib Cage
Sternum (Breastbone)Sternum (Breastbone)
Pelvis (Dancing Bone)Pelvis (Dancing Bone)
FemurFemur (Largest Bone in the Body)(Largest Bone in the Body)
The Tibia and FibulaThe Tibia and Fibula
TarsalsTarsals
MetatarsalsMetatarsals
PhalangesPhalanges
CalcaneousCalcaneous
Skeletal System ReviewSkeletal System Review My Videoswholebodyskeleton.movMy Videoswholebodyskeleton.mov
Joints of the BodyJoints of the Body ► Ball and SocketBall and Socket Joint:Joint: Round end ofRound end of bone fitting snugglybone fitting snuggly within another bonewithin another bone..  Ex. Shoulder and HipEx. Shoulder and Hip
Joints of the BodyJoints of the Body ► Hinge Joint:Hinge Joint: Movement at joint inMovement at joint in one directionone direction like alike a door.door.  Ex. Knee and ElbowEx. Knee and Elbow
Joints of the BodyJoints of the Body ► Pivot Joint:Pivot Joint: BoneBone resting atop anotherresting atop another bone permitting freebone permitting free movement.movement.  Ex. Neck, Wrist andEx. Neck, Wrist and AnklesAnkles
Joints of the BodyJoints of the Body ► Fixed Immovable:Fixed Immovable: Joint does not moveJoint does not move  Ex. SkullEx. Skull ► Gliding Joint:Gliding Joint: BonesBones slipping over otherslipping over other bones with a freebones with a free flowing movement.flowing movement.  Ex. KnucklesEx. Knuckles
The Connectors of the BodyThe Connectors of the Body ► Ligaments:Ligaments: ConnectConnect bone to bonebone to bone
The Connectors of the Body!!The Connectors of the Body!! ►Tendon:Tendon: Attaches muscles to bonesAttaches muscles to bones
The Connectors of the BodyThe Connectors of the Body ►Cartilage: It acts as aCartilage: It acts as a cushion betweencushion between bones at a jointbones at a joint and protects the bones.and protects the bones.
Problems of the Skeletal SystemProblems of the Skeletal System ► Fracture:Fracture: BreakBreak ► Dislocation:Dislocation: Out ofOut of jointjoint
Problems of the Skeletal SystemProblems of the Skeletal System ► Sprain:Sprain: Swelling inSwelling in the jointthe joint ► Arthritis:Arthritis: InflamedInflamed and stiff jointsand stiff joints
Problems of the Skeletal System!!Problems of the Skeletal System!! ► Scoliosis:Scoliosis: CurvatureCurvature of the spineof the spine ► Osteoporosis:Osteoporosis: BrittleBrittle bonesbones