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SECURITY PROTOCOLS.ppt

SSL and S-HTTP are the two key protocols for secure transactions on the web. SSL uses public key cryptography for server authentication and encryption of data transmitted between clients and servers. S-HTTP ensures confidentiality, authenticity, and non-repudiation of transactions. VPNs allow private networks to communicate confidentially over public networks like the internet. Firewalls define and control network access to protect organizations, ensuring data integrity, authentication, and confidentiality while preventing unauthorized access from outside the network. They can also block unsecured external access and limit internal users.

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SECURITY PROTOCOLS
SSL ( Secure Socket layer) • Most computers and browsers already can exchange secure transactions across Internet, making it difficult for unauthorized people to intercept data such as credit card numbers. Even if a transmission is intercepted, the encrypted message cannot be read. • The two key protocols for secure WWW transactions are: SSL and S-HTTP (Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol).
• Originally developed by Netscape, SSL is the most widely used standard for encrypting data on Internet. • Provides three basic services: a) Server authentication- uses public key cryptography to validate server’s digital certificate and public key on client’s machine. b) Client authentication- SSL allows client and server machines to jointly select an encryption algorithm to be used for secure connection. The key to this algorithm is transmitted using public key cryptography, after which client and server may communicate using secret key. c) Encrypted SSL connection- to authenticate transaction between client and server by above mentioned method.
S-HTTP • Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a “request response” type language spoken between web browser (client software) and a web server (server software) on Internet to allow communication with each other and to exchange files. • The function of Secure- HTTP is to secure web transactions only. It ensures transaction confidentiality and authenticity and it ensures non repudiation of origin.
VPN (Virtual Private Network) • It is a private communications network often used within a company, or by several companies or organizations, to communicate confidentially over a publicly accessible network. • VPN message traffic can be carried over a public networking infrastructure (Internet) on top of standard protocols, or over a service provider’s private network with a defined Service Level Agreement (SLA) between VPN customer and the VPN service provider.
FIREWALL • They are the software and hardware tools that define, control and limit access to networks and computers linked to the network of the organization. • It shields an organization’s networks from exposure when connecting to the Internet or to untrusted network & prevent hackers from gaining access to corporate data. • It must ensure a) data integrity, b) authentication & c) confidentiality.
• Most firewalls are configured to protect against unauthenticated log ins from the outside world, preventing unauthorized users from logging into machines on the company’s network. • They can also be employed to block all unsecured access to the internal network, while also limiting users inside the company to connect only to acceptable external sites. • A firewall can be designed to separate groups within an organization. For ex: HR dept might place their network behind a firewall to safeguard confidential payroll and personnel information from other employees.
• A firewall appliance is generally one piece of hardware that is no longer than a small desktop PC plugged between a firm’s Internet access device (DSL, router, modem) and the form’s first hub/switch. • The software version of Firewall is known as “Cyberwall”, which is all in one software package. Developed with an aim to improve security for entire private network. • It can protect applications, networks and systems on the whole LAN. It does this by residing at the interconnection of the internal networks, the application and database servers, the client machines and the perimeter.