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Public health planning in India

The document discusses planning of public health in India. It defines health planning as the orderly process of defining health problems, identifying resources, and establishing goals. The planning cycle involves analyzing the current health situation, setting objectives and priorities, developing a plan, implementing and monitoring it, and evaluating. In India, various committees were formed over time to review the health situation and recommend actions. The National Health Policy and Alma-Ata Declaration guided primary health care and planning. Planning is done through central and state level bodies like the Ministry of Health and NITI Aayog, formerly the Planning Commission. The health system is managed at central, state, and district levels.

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Planning of Public Health in India Bachelor of Public health Classroom Lecture Dr Yogesh Arora Dr Tanveer Rehman 17-02-2021 1
Overview of the Presentation • Definition • Planning Cycle • Steps of Planning • Health Planning in India • Health System in India 17-02-2021 2
Health Planning- Definition (WHO) The orderly process of defining community health problems, identifying unmet needs and surveying the resources to meet them, establishing priority goals that are realistic and feasible, and projecting administrative action to accomplish the purpose of the proposed programme. 17-02-2021 3
Purpose of Planning • The increasing demand of medical and health care services has brought the need for careful planning and management of health services • To match the limited resources with many problems • To eliminate wasteful expenditure • To develop the best course of action 17-02-2021 4
Method • Planning for health involves 3 types of activities: - 1. Assessment of the current status 2. Identification of the desired status in the future 3. Specification of intervention and other activities to achieve the desired state 17-02-2021 5
Planning Cycle Health situation analysis Objectives and goals Fix priorities Formulate plan Implement and monitor Evaluate 17-02-2021 6
Health situation analysis • Collection, assessment, interpretation of information - a clear picture of the health situation • Minimum essential requirement – demography, morbidity, epidemiological distribution of diseases • Medical care facilities available – Technical Manpower, Training facilities, Attitude and beliefs of the population towards disease, cure and prevention • Manpower, materials, money 17-02-2021 7
Objectives, goals, plan – terms • Plan - Blueprint for taking action • Objective – planned end point of all activities • Target – when objective split into discrete activities • Goal – the ultimate desired state towards which the objectives and resources are directed 17-02-2021 8
Health Planning in India • Various committees were appointed by the Government of India from time to time to review the existing health situation and recommend measures for further action. • The Alma-Ata Declaration on primary health care and the National Health Policy of the Government gave a new direction to health planning in India. 17-02-2021 9
Committees by Government of India 1. Bhore committee, 1946 2. Mudaliar committee, 1962 3. Chadha committee, 1963 4. Mukherjee committee, 1965, 1966 5. Jungalwala committee, 1967 6. Kartar Singh committee, 1973 7. Shrivastav committee, 1975 8. Rural health scheme, 1977 9. Health for all by 2000 AD 17-02-2021 10
Planning Commission • The GOI set up a Planning commission in 1950 to make an assessment of the material, capital, and human resources of the country. • The Planning commission consists of a Chairman, Deputy Chairman and 5 members. • The Planning Commission works through 3 major divisions:- Program Advisers, General Secretariat, and Technical Divisions, which are responsible for scrutinizing and analysing various schemes and projects. 17-02-2021 11
NITI AAYOG • GOI established NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) to replace Planning Commission on 1st January 2015 • NITI Aayog emerges as a think-tank and is currently monitoring and evaluating the implementation of programmes 17-02-2021 12
Health System in India • The republic of India has 29 States and 7 Union Territories. • States are largely independent in matters related to delivery of health care services. Central Govt. has the responsibility of policy making, planning, guiding, assisting, evaluating, and co-ordinating he work of State Health Ministries. • The health system in India has 3 main links: - 17-02-2021 13
(1) At Central Level • The official “organs” of the health system at the national level consist of: - 1. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare 2. The Directorate General of Health Services 3. The Central Council of Health and Family Welfare 17-02-2021 14
(2) At State Level • The GOI Act, 1935 gave autonomy to the states in matters of public health under the Montague-Chelmsford reforms. The management sector in states comprises of: - 1. State Ministry of Health 2. State Health Directorate 17-02-2021 15
(3) At District Level • The principal unit of administration in India is the district under a Collector. There are 707 districts in India. There are 6 types of administrative areas in each district: - 1. Sub-divisions 2. Tahsils (Talukas) 3. Community Development Blocks 4. Municipalities and Corporations 5. Villages, and 6. Panchayats 17-02-2021 16
Bibliography • Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine. 24th Edition • Health management modules – NIHFW 17-02-2021 17
Thank You 17-02-2021 18