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Papaveraceae

The document discusses the Papaveraceae family and crude drugs obtained from it. The Papaveraceae family includes 44 genera and 825 species of herbaceous plants that contain milky latex. Two notable crude drugs from the family are Sanguinaria canadensis (blood root) and Papaver somniferum (opium poppy). Blood root contains alkaloids like sanguinarine and is used to treat infections. Opium poppy is a source of pharmaceutical alkaloids like morphine and codeine and is used as an analgesic, sedative, and antitussive.

Health & Medicine◦
• PREPARED BY: Fahad Ali Jawad 19046 Ibtsam Arif 19051 Muhammad Ali 19057 Muhammad Jhanzaib 19064 Muhammad Manzar 19065 Muhammad Talha 19069 Aqeel Ahmad 19076 • PRESENTED TO: DR. SAMIA 2nd Proff M Islam College of Pharmacy PHARMACOGNOSY PRESENTATION
PAPAVERACEAE FAMILY AND CRUDE DRUGS OBTAINED FROM IT
PAPAVERACEAE (POPPY FAMILY) Kingdom:Plantea(Plants) Subkingdom:Tracheobionta(Vascular plants) Superdivision:Spermatophyta(Seed Plants) Division:Magnoliophyta(Flowering Plants) Class:Magnoliopsida(Dicotyledons) Subclass:Magnoliidea Order:Papaverles Family: Papaveraceae(Poppy Family)
Papaveraceae family comprises of: • Subfamilies: 1. Pteridophylloideae 2. Fumarioideae(formerly Fumariaceae) 3. Papaveroideae • 44 Genera • 825 Species • Habit: The plants may be annual, biennial and perennial herbs with milky or yellowish latex .
• Habitat: The family is cosmopolitan, occurring in temperate and subtropical climates (mostly in the northern hemisphere), but almost unknown in the tropics. Most are herbaceous plants, but a few are shrubs and small trees. • Stem: The stem may be herbaceous ,erect , cylindrical,branched,smooth, hairy, or prickly.
• Sap: The sap is a milky latex, and it is this which gave the family its name - pappa is the Latin for food or milk. • Leaves: Radial rather large, alternate or the upper one sometimes opposite, simple lobed or deeply divided compound.
• Inflorescence: The terminal flowers Solitary in most species In others the terminal inflorescence is cymose or racemose. • Flower: Harmaphrodite, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, hypogynous rarely perigynous, complete, di or trimerous. Bracteate and pedicellate, Large and showy.
• Calyax: 2-3 sepals,free, caducous, inferior • Corolla: Petals 6 ,in two whorls of 3 each ,polypetalous,yellow.
• Androecium: Stamens indefinite, polyandrous,arranged in several whorls, filament long,anthers basifixed,dithecous,extrorse. • Gynoecium: Pentacarpellary, syncarpous,ovary superior, unilocular,parietal placentation,many ovules on each placentum,stigma as many as carpels,red,styleabsent. • Fruit: Capsule dehiscing by pores or valves. • Floral Formula:
Floral patterns of Poppy Family
CRUDE DRUGS OBTAINED FROM PAPAVERACEAE FAMILY • Sangunaria canadensis • Papaver somniferum
• Sanguinaria canadensis • INTRODUCTION: Sanguinaria canadensis also known as Blood Root is a traditional medicine used by native Americans to treat a diverse range of clinical conditions.
• BOTANICAL ORIGIN: Sanguinaria candensis • Common Name: Blood Root,Red Root, Blood Wort,Red Puccoon and Pauson. • FAMILY: Papaveraceae • PART USED: Dried rhizome and roots.
• HABIT: It is a perennial herb. • HABITAT: It is found growing in moist to dry woods and thickets, often on floodplains and near shores or streams on slopes.Countrywise it is mainly found in Canada and USA. • CHARACTERISTICS: It is a stemless , rhizomatous wildflower.Each flower stalk produces a solitary, 2”wide ,8-10 petaled, 1.5”diameter, white flower, with numerous yellow center stamens.
• ACTIVE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: It contains several alkaloids, primarily in the rhizome; the major alkaloids includes Sanguinarine,chelerythrine,chelirubine,sanguirubine,chelilutine, the opium alkaloid protopine and sanguilutine . The rhizomes contain approximately 3-7% total alkaloid. • MEDICINAL USES: It is anti-microbial,anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory in its action.
• Papaver somniferum INTRODUCTION: Papaver somniferum (opium poppy) is the source of several pharmaceutical Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids including morphine,codine and sanguinarine. Moreover,other Papaver species also contain compounds with medicinal implications,such as alkaloid, essential oil,flavonoid,triterpenoid, steroid and phenylpropanoid.
• BOTANICAL ORIGEN: Papaver somniferum • COMMON NAME: Opium poppy,breadseed poppy,Dried opium,Post afim and Gum opium. • FAMILY: Papaveraceae • PART USED: Dried milky latex obtained by the incision from unripe capsule (fruit).
• HABIT: It is an annual herb. • HABITAT: It is grown and obtained Turkey,India, Afghanistan,Iran and Pakistan. • CHARACTERISTICS: It is an annual herb growing to about 100 cm (40 inches) tall.The plant is strongly glaucous, giving a greyish green appearance and the stems and leaves bear a sparse destribution of coarse hairs.The large leaves are loved, the upper stem leaves clasping the stem,the lowest leaves with a short petiole.
• ACTIVE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: It is a source of upto 20 drugs several popular are Morphine,Codein, Thebaine,Noscapine,Papaverine,Narcein,Oxynarcotine,Codamine, Laudanidine,Cryptopine and protopine.
• MEDICINAL USES: It is used as medicine in many clinical conditions but here are some common of these, Analgesic,Sedative and Anti-tussive.
Papaveraceae