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Intoduction to 
Fractions
What are FRACTIONS? 
 Fractions are a part of the whole 
 We use fractions all the time. 
 Have you ever used a steel tape or a ruler? 
 Inches are divided into parts 
 Have you ever used a measuring cup? 
 Cups are divided into parts
Parts of fractions 
1 Numerator 
4 Denominator 
 The top number is 
the numerator. 
 The bottom number 
is the denominator.
Types of fractions 
 Proper fractions – the top number 
(numerator) is SMALLER than the 
bottom number (denominator). THIS IS 
THE PROPER FORM FOR AN 
ANSWER. 
 Improper fractions – the top number is 
LARGER than the bottom number. 
 Mixed numbers – a whole number and a 
fraction. 
1 
2 
3 
2 
1 
4 2
Quick Review 
 What are Fractions? 
 Part of the whole 
 The Top number is the _____________. 
 Numerator 
 The Bottom number is the ____________. 
 Denominator 
 What are the 3 types of fractions? 
 Proper Improper Mixed Numbers
Think of a fraction as a pie 
3 
4 
Pretend that you ate 3 pieces of a 
pie that was cut into 4 pieces 
3 pieces that you ate 
The pie was cut into 4 
pieces 
In fractions the bottom number 
(denominator) always refers to how 
many pieces something has been cut 
into. 
The top number (numerator) always 
refers to how many pieces you have
 Into how many 
pieces has this cake 
been cut? 
 How many pieces 
did Bob eat? 
1 
4
 Into how many 
pieces has this cake 
been cut? 
3 
 How many pieces 
did Bob eat? 8
7 
15 
 Into how many pieces did Bob cut the cake? 
 How many pieces of the cake did Bob eat? 
Therefore Bob ate 7/15 of the 
cake!
7 
15 
 Into how many pieces did Bob cut the cake? 
 How many pieces of the cake did Bob eat? 
Therefore Bob ate 7/15 of the 
cake!