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HBCL3103 Tatabahasa Bahasa Cina Moden II
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HBCL3103 Tatabahasa Bahasa Cina Moden II
1.
䈮〻ᤷই xi
䈮〻ᤷই ᵜ䈮〻㕆⸱ +%/DŽᵜ䈮〻ᱟ傜ᶕ㾯ӊᔰ᭮བྷᆖ280
2.
Ӫ᮷оᮉ㛢ᆖ䲒ᡰᔰ࣎Ⲵ 䈮〻DŽᵜ䈮〻ঐ
њᆖ࠶ˈ享ᰦ њᱏᵏᆼᡀDŽ 䈮〻ሩ䊑 ᵜ䈮〻Ѫ㦓䂹ᮉ㛢ᆖ༛˄ሿᆖ㓴˅уъᵜ、⭏Ⲵѫ؞䈮〻DŽ䈧Ԅ㓶䰵䈫ᵜ䈮〻ᤷইDŽ ᵜᤷই⏥ⴆҶ䈮〻ⴞḷǃ䈮〻ᇩᾲ䘠ǃ䈮〻㓴㓷઼䈮〻㘳ṨDŽ ᆖᰦ࠶䝽 ṩᦞ傜ᶕ㾯ӊᔰ᭮བྷᆖᖃተᡰ㿴ᇊˈ⇿њᆖ࠶ⲴᆖҐᰦ⇥Ѫ ሿᰦDŽ↔䈮〻ঐҶ њᆖ࠶ˈᙫᆖҐ䈮ᰦѪ њሿᰦDŽᡰ؞䈫Ⲵ䈮〻ᰦ䰤࠶䝽ྲл˖ ⍫ࣘ ሿᰦ 䰵䈫⁑㓴ǃᆼᡀ㓳Ґ ࠪᑝӄา䖵ሬ䈮ˈ⇿าҼሿᰦ 㖁кᆖҐӔ⍱ ᆼᡀᤷᇊ䈮ъ ༽Ґ ᙫޡ
3.
x ii
䈮〻ᤷই 䈮〻ⴞḷ ᆼᡀ䘉њ䈮〻ਾˈᛘሶ㜭ཏ˖ Ҷ䀓অਕ䟼ѝй⢩↺ਕᔿ˗ ᦼᨑਕ⌅ᡀ࠶Ⲵ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩о㊫ර˗ 䗘᷀ѫ䉃ǃ䘠ᇮǃ䘠㺕ǃᇊѝǃ⣦ѝㅹ㔃ᶴо䈝ѹ㚄㌫˗ 䈤᰾অਕо༽ਕⲴ४࡛˗ ᦼᨑ㊫㚄ਸ༽ਕоٿ↓༽ਕˈ࠶᷀ཊ䟽༽ਕ˗ ᦼᨑᑨ㿱䈝⌅ٿ䈟⧠䊑ˈ⎸䲔ਕᆀ↗ѹDŽ 䈮〻ᇩᾲ䘠 䘉њ⁑㓴⏥ⴆҶ≹䈝䈝⌅สᵜ⨶䇪ᦞ˖⢩↺অਕਕᔿǃਕᆀᡀ࠶ǃ༽ਕǃ↗ѹ ਕǃ⯵ਕǃਕᆀቲ⅑࠶᷀⌅ㅹDŽ䘉њ⁑㓴ṩᦞ䈝⌅⨶䇪Ѯֻ䈤᰾ˈԕᵏᴹ᭸ൠᑞࣙ ᆖઈᘛ䙏ǃ↓⺞ൠᦼᨑ亩䈝⌅ᢰ㜭DŽ ㅜаㄐ˖অਕ˄Ҽ˅ ᵜㄐ䇢䘠йঅਕ⢩↺ਕᔿ˖ق㻵ਕǃᨂ䈤ਕǃ༽ᤷਕDŽӾ㺘࣏㜭Ⲵ䀂ᓖᶕ䈤ˈ 䘉Ӌ⢩↺ਕᔿⲴӗ⭏ഐѫ㾱ᱟ䎧ᕪ䈳Ⲵ⭘ˈণѪҶᕪ䈳ਕᆀѝⲴḀњᡀ࠶㘼ሶ ަᨀࡽ᭵൘㔃ᶴкᱮᗇ∄䖳⤜⢩DŽ䘉аㄐ䟽⛩䇢䘠䘉й⢩↺ਕᔿⲴ↻⭏ഐ৺ ਕ⌅㔃ᶴкⲴ⢩⛩DŽ ㅜҼㄐ˖ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶˄а˅ ᵜㄐѫ㾱䈤᰾ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶ѝⲴѫ䉃㔃ᶴˈ䈖㓶䗘᷀ѫ䈝઼䉃䈝Ⲵޣ㌫৺ަ㊫රDŽ᮷ѝ ҏ䇪৺ѫ䉃䉃䈝ਕⲴ⢩⛩˗࠶᷀བྷሿѫ䈝઼བྷሿ䉃䈝Ⲵᡀ࠶৺ޣ㌫DŽ
4.
䈮〻ᤷই xiii
ㅜйㄐ˖ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶˄Ҽ˅ ᵜㄐ䇢䘠≹䈝䈝⌅ᡀ࠶ѝⲴ䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴˈ䇙ᛘ䘋а↕Ҷ䀓䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴⲴ⢩⛩ˈ䈖㓶䗘᷀ 䘠䈝઼ᇮ䈝Ⲵޣ㌫৺ަ㊫රˈ䗘᷀ⵏᇮ䈝ǃ߶ᇮ䈝৺ৼᇮ䈝ㅹⲴᾲᘥˈ䙀↕ᕅሬᛘ ᦼᨑ߶ᇮ䈝оৼᇮ䈝㔃ᶴⲴ⢩⛩৺ަ㊫රDŽ ㅜഋㄐ˖ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶˄й˅ ᵜㄐᆖҐᇩ䬱ᇊਕᆀสᵜ㔃ᶴѝⲴ䘠㺕㔃ᶴˈ䇙ᛘ䘋а↕Ҷ䀓䘠㺕㔃ᶴⲴ⢩⛩ˈ ᔴ䘠䈝઼㺕䈝Ⲵޣ㌫৺ަ㊫රˈᦼᨑ㊫㺕䈝Ⲵ⢩ᖱˈ䗘᷀䘠㺕㔃ᶴо䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴ Ⲵ४࡛DŽ ㅜӄㄐ˖ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶˄ഋ˅ ᵜㄐ䈖㓶ൠ䇘䇪Ҷਕ⌅ᡀ࠶ѝⲴᇊ䈝઼⣦䈝˗ᴹᶑ⨶ൠᕅሬᛘ࠶᷀ǃ䇙ᛘ␡ޕൠҶ 䀓ᇊѝ㔃ᶴ઼⣦ѝ㔃ᶴⲴ⢩⛩ˈᦼᨑᇊ䈝઼⣦䈝Ⲵ㊫ර৺ަ࣏㜭DŽᵜㄐҏ࠶᷀ӻ䇽 㔃ᶴݵᖃ⣦䈝Ⲵ⣦ѝ㔃ᶴDŽ ㅜޝㄐ˖༽䉃㔃ᶴ 䘉аㄐᡁԜ㾱࠶᷀Ⲵᱟ༽ᵲ䉃䇽ᙗ㔃ᶴⲴਕᆀˈቡᱟĀ༽䉃㔃ᶴāDŽ༽䉃㔃ᶴᱟᤷ ⭡єњᡆєњԕкⲴ䉃䇽ᙗ䇽䈝䘎⭘Ⲵ㔃ᶴṬᔿˈণਕѝⲴ਼ањ㔃ᶴቲѝՊࠪ⧠ єњᡆєњԕкⲴ䉃䇽ᙗ䇽㓴DŽᖃ❦ˈ䘉䟼䈤Ⲵєњᡆєњԕк䘎⭘Ⲵ䉃䇽ᙗ䇽䈝 ᱟнवᤜ㚄ਸ㔃ᶴⲴ䉃䇽ᙗ䇽㓴DŽ ༽䉃㔃ᶴⲴ㊫ර࠶Ѫ ㊫˖䘎ࣘ㔃ᶴǃެ䈝㔃ᶴǃ䘎䬱㔃ᶴDŽ ᵜㄐሶᑞࣙᛘҶ䀓ᱟ༽䉃㔃ᶴˈᦼᨑ༽䉃㔃ᶴⲴ㊫ර˗␡ޕ࠶᷀༽䉃㔃ᶴ䜘Ⲵਕ ⌅㔃ᶴቲ⅑˗䗘᷀䘎ࣘ㔃ᶴǃެ䈝㔃ᶴ઼䘎䬱㔃ᶴⲴ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩DŽ
5.
x iv
䈮〻ᤷই ㅜгㄐ˖↗ѹਕ ਕ⌅㔃ᶴѝҏᴹ਼ањਕᆀ㘼वਜ਼єњᡆԕкⲴᙍⲴˈ䘉ቡᱟĀ↗ѹਕāˈ৸ᡆ 㘵〠ѪĀ↗ѹ㔃ᶴāDŽ ↗ѹਕՊ䙐ᡀ⋏䙊Ⲵ䰞仈DŽഐѪањਕᆀྲ᷌㺘䗮єԕкⲴᙍˈ䛓Ѹ⋏䙊ѝާ փᱟଚањᙍˈҏ䇨Պ䙐ᡀҡDŽഐ↔䈝䀰ѝⲴ↗ѹਕˈቡ䴰㾱ᡁԜ䘋㹼࠶᷀DŽ 䘉ṧⲴ࠶᷀ˈнӵਟԕᑞࣙᡁԜ␡ޕҶ䀓≹䈝ਕᆀ䜘㔃ᶴⲴ⢩⛩ˈᴤ㜭ᑞࣙᡁԜ ൘⋏䙊ѝ䚯ݽ⭡Ҿ↗ѹਕ㘼䙐ᡀⲴ⨶䀓䰞仈DŽ 䘉аㄐቡᱟ㾱䙊䗷ሩ↗ѹਕ䜘㔃ᶴⲴ࠶᷀ˈ᧒䇘ᖒᡀ↗ѹⲴഐˈ䈖㓶䗘᷀ ↗ѹਕⲴ㊫රˈ䇙ᛘᆖՊ࠶᷀↗ѹਕⲴᯩ⌅ˈᆖҐྲօ䚯ݽ↗ѹᡰ䙐ᡀⲴ⨶䀓䰞 仈DŽ ㅜޛㄐ˖༽ਕ 䘉ㄐሶᑞࣙᛘ⨶䀓༽ਕⲴ㊫රˈᦼᨑ༽ਕⲴ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩˗࠶᷀༽ਕⲴ㊫ර৺ަ䈝 ѹ࣏㜭˗Ҷ䀓㚄ਸ༽ਕⲴ㊫රDŽ ᡁԜሶሩ༽ਕⲴ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩䘋㹼࠶᷀ˈ਼ᰦӻ㓽н਼㊫රⲴ༽ਕԕ৺䘉Ӌ༽ਕ㊫රⲴ ᖒᔿ⢩⛩৺ަ㺘࣏㜭DŽ ㅜҍㄐ˖༽ਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅ ㅜҍㄐⲴᇩу⌘Ҿ䇢䀓ٿ↓༽ਕˈ䇙ᛘҶ䀓ٿ↓༽ਕⲴ⢩⛩˗䈖㓶䗘᷀ٿ↓༽ਕ Ⲵ㊫ර৺ަ⢩⛩DŽᵜㄐҏ⎹৺ཊ䟽༽ਕⲴ䀓䈤о࠶᷀DŽ ㅜॱㄐ˖ᑨ㿱Ⲵ䈝⌅ٿ䈟 ᵜㄐ䟽⛩࠶᷀аӋᑨ㿱䈝⌅ٿ䈟⧠䊑˗䇙Ҷ䀓⭘䇽ٿ䈟Ⲵ㊫රˈ࠶᷀㊫ර⭘䇽 Ⲵٿ䈟˗Ҷ䀓ਕᔿٿ䈟Ⲵ㊫ර˗࠶᷀㊫රⲴਕᔿٿ䈟DŽᵜㄐᆖҐᇩҏՊ᤹䜘ቡ ⨝ᕅሬᛘᦼᨑݻᴽ䈝⌅ٿ䈟Ⲵᴹ᭸ᯩ⌅DŽ
6.
䈮〻ᤷই xv
ส⸕䇶 ᛘн䴰㾱ԫօޣⲴส⸕䇶ԕ৺ᣕ䈫ᶑԦˈഐѪ䘉亩䈮〻ᐢਇഭᇦᆖᵟ䢤ᇊተⲴ ᢩ߶DŽ 䘹⭘ᮉᶀ ↔䈮〻ᡰ㿴ᇊⲴ৲㘳Җ㉽ᐢࡇҾ⇿њ⁑㓴ਾㄟDŽ 䈮〻㘳Ṩ 䈧৲㘳 P9/(DŽ ⁑㓴䰵䈫ᤷই 䰵䈫⁑㓴ࡽˈ享⺞ᇊᛘᐢᦼᨑ⁑㓴㕆ᤏᯩᔿDŽ⨶䀓⁑㓴㕆ᤏᯩᔿሶᴹࣙҾᛘᴤᴹ᭸ ᒦᴹⴞⲴൠ䘋㹼ᆖҐDŽ䈮〻⁑㓴⇿аㄐᇩⲴ㕆ᤏᯩᔿྲл˖ 亴ᵏᆖҐᡀ᷌˖ 亴ᵏᆖҐᡀ᷌ᱟᤷᛘ䰵䈫ҶᴹޣⲴㄐ㢲ਾᡰᓄਆᗇⲴᆖҐᡀ᷌DŽᆼᡀ⇿аㄐ ⲴᆖҐਾˈᛘᓄ৲䰵䈕ㄐⲴ亴ᵏᆖҐᡀ᷌ԕ⺞ᇊᛘᱟᐢ䗮ࡠᴹޣⲴᆖҐᡀ ᷌DŽ䘉ሶᑞࣙᛘ䘋㹼䇴ՠᒦ࣐ᕪ䈮〻ᇩⲴᦼᨑDŽ 㠚ᡁ⍻䈅˖ ൘⁑㓴ѝⲴ⇿аㄐ䜭クᨂҶо䈮〻ᇩᴹޣⲴ⍻䈅䰞仈ˈᆳሶ㘳ḕᛘሩ䈮〻 ᇩⲴᦼᨑ〻ᓖDŽᛘᓄ〟ᶱㆄ⍻䈅䰞仈ԕ⺞ᇊᦼᨑҶ⁑㓴Ⲵᇩˈ਼ᰦҏ ᴹࣙҾᛘ䶒ሩ⍻傼৺㘳䈅DŽབྷ䜘࠶Ⲵ⍻䈅ㆄṸ൘⁑㓴Ⲵ䍴ᯉDŽ
7.
x vi
䈮〻ᤷই ⍫ࣘ˖ ྲ㠚ᡁỰ⍻ˈᆖҐ⍫ࣘ䇮൘⁑㓴ⲴᆖҐ䟽⛩༴DŽᴹޣⲴ⍫ࣘ享䘀⭘ᛘᡰᆖⲴ ᾲᘥ৺⨶䇪ᒦሶᆳᇎ䐥ॆDŽᆖҐ⍫ࣘሶ֯ᛘ䘋а↕␡ޕᙍ㘳ˈᨀ㿱ˈ䘋 㹼ሿ㓴䇘䇪ˈк㖁ᩌራ䍴ᯉˈ৲䰵ޣ৲㘳ҖⴞㅹDŽ ᇩᾲ㾱˖ ⇿аㄐⲴᆖҐ䟽⛩ሶааࡇҾ⁑㓴ᵛㄟDŽ䘉ѫ㾱ᱟᑞࣙᛘ࣐ᕪሩᆖҐᇩⲴ 䇠ᗶDŽᛘ享⺞ᇊᱟᐢᦼᨑᴹޣ䈤᰾ᡆ䟽ᯠ༽ҐDŽ ޣ䭞䇽˖ ⇿аㄐᆖҐ䟽⛩Ⲵޣ䭞䇽ሶࡇҾ⁑㓴ᵛㄟDŽᛘᓄ㜭䈤᰾䘉Ӌޣ䭞䇽Ⲵᾲᘥᡆ 享䟽ᯠ䘋㹼༽ҐDŽ ৲㘳Җⴞ˖ ൘৲㘳Җⴞᔪ䇞Ҷо䈮〻৺⁑㓴ᴹޣⲴ䈮ᵜǃᵏ࠺ǃу仈᮷ㄐᡆ⭥ᆀу ҖDŽ䈮〻ᤷইǃ⁑㓴ᵛㄟ䜭ࡇࠪҶᴹޣⲴ৲㘳Җⴞˈᆳ㜭ॿࣙᛘ㧧ᗇ仍ཆⲴ 䍴ᯉᒦᐙപᆖҐDŽ
8.
HBCL3103 TATABAHASA BAHASA
CINA MODEN II Dr Khoo Kiak Uei Ling Siew Choong
9.
RgpictcjRtqlgm RtqhFtOcpuqtHcf|kn
RtqhFtYkfcfQvjocp QrgpWpkxgtukv{Ocnc{ukc RgpwnkuOqfwn FtMjqqMkcmWgk NkpiUkgyEjqqpi Rgp{gfgtjcpc FtYqpiNkpp[cpp FkdcpiwpmcpQngj RwucvTgmcDgpvwmRgpiclctcpfcpVgmpqnqik QrgpWpkxgtukv{Ocnc{ukc FkegvcmQngj OgvgqtFqe0Ufp0Djf0 Nqv69/6:.LcncpUT31;.Ugmu{gp;. LcncpUgtfcpiTc{c.VcocpUgtfcpiTc{c. 65522UgtkMgodcpicp.UgncpiqtFctwnGjucp GfkukRgtvcoc.Fkugodgt4229 GfkukMgfwc.Qiqu4235 JcmEkrvc´QrgpWpkxgtukv{Ocnc{ukc*QWO+.Qiqu4235.JDEN5325 Jcmekrvcvgtrgnkjctc0Vkcfcdcjcikcpfctkrcfcdcjcpkpkdqngjfkucnkpugowncfcncoocpc/ocpc ectcvcprcmgdgpctcpugectcdgtvwnkufctkrcfcRtgukfgpQrgpWpkxgtukv{Ocnc{ukc*QWO+0
10.
ⴞᖅ 䈮〻ᤷই [[L[YL
ㅜаㄐ অਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅ ق㻵ਕ ӰѸᱟق㻵ਕ ق㻵ਕӗ⭏ഐ ق㻵ਕⲴ⢩⛩ н਼ਕ⌅㔃ᶴⲴق㻵 ᨂ䈤ਕ ᨂ䈤ਕⲴ⢩⛩ н਼ਕ⌅㔃ᶴⲴᨂ䈤 ᨂ䈤ਕⲴѹ㊫ර ༽ᤷਕ ༽ᤷਕⲴ⢩⛩ н਼ਕ⌅㔃ᶴⲴ༽ᤷ ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝
11.
iv ⴞᖅ
ㅜҼㄐ ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶˄а˅ ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶ ѫ䈝઼䉃䈝 ѫ䉃㔃ᶴⲴ䈝ѹ࣏㜭 ѫ䈝઼䉃䈝Ⲵ䈝ѹޣ㌫ ѫ䈝Ⲵ㊫ර 䉃䈝Ⲵ㊫ර ѫ䉃䉃䈝ਕ ѫ䉃䉃䈝ਕ བྷѫ䈝઼ሿѫ䈝Ⲵᡀ࠶ བྷѫ䈝઼ሿѫ䈝Ⲵ䈝ѹޣ㌫ ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝 ㅜйㄐ ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶˄Ҽ˅ 䘠䈝઼ᇮ䈝 䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴ 䘠䈝઼ᇮ䈝Ⲵ䈝ѹޣ㌫ 䘠䈝Ⲵ㊫ර ᇮ䈝Ⲵ㊫ර 亶Ṭᇮ䈝઼߶ᇮ䈝 亶Ṭᇮ䈝 ߶ᇮ䈝
12.
ⴞᖅ v
ৼᇮ䈝㔃ᶴ ৼᇮ䈝㔃ᶴ ৼᇮ䈝оࣘ䇽Ⲵ䈝ѹޣ㌫ ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝 ㅜഋㄐ ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶˄й˅ 䘠䈝઼㺕䈝 䘠㺕㔃ᶴ 䘠䈝઼㺕䈝Ⲵ䈝ѹޣ㌫ 㺕䈝Ⲵ㊫ර 㔃᷌㺕䈝 䎻ੁ㺕䈝 ਟ㜭㺕䈝 〻ᓖ㺕䈝 ӻ䇽㺕䈝 㺕䈝Ⲵ䗘᷀ 㔃᷌㺕䈝Ⲵ↗ѹ 䎻ੁ㺕䈝ᑖᇮ䈝 йਟ㜭㺕䈝Ⲵ∄䖳 䘠㺕㔃ᶴ઼䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴⲴ४࡛ ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝
13.
vi ⴞᖅ
ㅜӄㄐ ਕ⌅ᡀ࠶˄ഋ˅ ᇊ䈝ǃ⣦䈝઼ѝᗳ䈝 ᇊѝ㔃ᶴ઼⣦ѝ㔃ᶴ ᇊ䈝 ⣦䈝 ᇊ䈝઼⣦䈝Ⲵ㊫ර ᇊ䈝Ⲵ㊫ර ⣦䈝Ⲵ㊫ර ӻ䇽㔃ᶴ⣦䈝 ӻ䇽㔃ᶴ ӻ䇽㔃ᶴݵᖃ⣦䈝 ㋈ਸᔿ઼㓴ਸᔿٿ↓㔃ᶴ ㋈ਸᔿٿ↓㔃ᶴ઼㓴ਸᔿٿ↓㔃ᶴ ٿ↓㔃ᶴⲴᢙኅ ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝 ㅜޝㄐ ༽䉃㔃ᶴ ༽䉃㔃ᶴ 䘎ࣘ㔃ᶴ 䘎ࣘ㔃ᶴⲴ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩ 䘎ࣘ㔃ᶴⲴѹ㊫ර 䘎ࣘ㔃ᶴ઼ࣘ䇽㚄ਸ㔃ᶴⲴ४࠶
14.
ⴞᖅ vii
ެ䈝㔃ᶴ ެ䈝㔃ᶴⲴ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩ ެ䈝㔃ᶴо䘎ࣘ㔃ᶴⲴ४࡛ 䘎䬱㔃ᶴ 䘎䬱㔃ᶴⲴ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩ 䘎䬱㔃ᶴⲴѹ㊫ර ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝 ㅜгㄐ ↗ѹਕ ↗ѹਕ ↗ѹਕⲴ⢩⛩ ↗ѹਕⲴ࠶᷀ ↗ѹਕⲴᑨ㿱Ṭᔿ а㡜ਕ⌅㔃ᶴⲴ↗ѹਕ ⢩࡛ṬᔿⲴ↗ѹਕ ↗ѹਕⲴᖒᡀഐ㍐ ↗ѹਕⲴ⎸䲔 ࡙⭘䈝丣 ᭩ᦒ䇽䈝ᡆਕᔿ ࡙⭘䈝ຳ ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝
15.
viii ⴞᖅ
ㅜޛㄐ ༽ਕ˄а˅ ༽ਕ ༽ਕⲴᇊѹ ༽ਕⲴ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩ ༽ਕоঅਕⲴ४࡛ ༽ਕⲴ࠶㊫ 㚄ਸ༽ਕ 㚄ਸ༽ਕⲴ⢩⛩ 㚄ਸ༽ਕⲴ࠶㊫ ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝 ㅜҍㄐ ༽ਕ˄Ҽ˅ ٿ↓༽ਕ ٿ↓༽ਕⲴ⢩⛩ ٿ↓༽ਕⲴ࠶㊫ ཊ䟽༽ਕ ӰѸᱟཊ䟽༽ਕ ཊ䟽༽ਕⲴ࠶᷀ᯩ⌅ ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝
16.
ⴞᖅ ix
ㅜॱㄐ ᑨ㿱䈝⌅ٿ䈟 ⯵ਕⲴᇊѹ ⯵ਕⲴ㊫ර 䈝ᒿнᖃ ᩝ䝽нᖃ ᡀ࠶↻䎈 㔃ᶴҡ 㺘н᰾ нਸ䙫䗁 ⯵ਕ䗘᷀Ⲵᯩ⌅ ⯵ਕⲴ؞᭩ᯩ⌅ ᪈㾱 ޣ䭞䇽䈝
17.
ㅜㅜааㄐㄐ অਕ
亴ᵏᆖҐᡀ᷌ ᆼᡀ䘉њঅݳਾˈᛘሶ㜭˖ ⢩↺ਕᔿ˅ ᦼᨑق㻵ਕǃᨂ䈤ਕǃ༽ᤷਕⲴ⢩⛩˗ 䈤⢩↺অਕਕᔿⲴᖒᡀ৺ަഐ˗ 䗘᷀⢩↺অਕਕᔿоᲞ䙊ਕᔿⲴޣ㌫˗ ࠶᷀⢩↺অਕਕᔿⲴ㔃ᶴDŽ ሬ䀰 ↔ࡽᡁԜӻ㓽ҶᖸཊঅਕⲴਕᔿDŽ俆ݸṩᦞਕ⌅㔃ᶴˈ࠶᷀ᑨ㿱Ⲵӄਕᔿˈྲѫ 䉃㔃ᶴǃ䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴǃٿ↓㔃ᶴǃ䘠㺕㔃ᶴǃ㚄ਸ㔃ᶴDŽ᧕⵰ṩᦞ㺘࣏㜭ˈ࠶᷀ Ҷࠐਕරˈྲ䱸䘠ਕǃ⯁䰞ਕǃ⽸֯ਕǃᝏਕˈㅹㅹDŽ❦㘼ˈᰕᑨਓ䈝ѝⲴਕ ᆀতᖰᖰнՊ䘉Ѹᮤ喀ൠ᤹➗䘉Ӌਕ⌅㔃ᶴᡆ㘵ᖒᔿ䘋㹼㓴㓷ˈᒦ䈤ࠪᶕDŽ䘉൘ ਕ⌅㔃ᶴкᱮᗇ䖳⢩↺Ⲵঅਕਛڊ⢩↺ਕᔿDŽ ᡁԜ䘉аㄐаޡՊӻ㓽йᴰᑨ㿱Ⲵ⢩↺ਕᔿ˖ق㻵ਕǃᨂ䈤ਕ઼༽ᤷਕDŽӾ㺘 ࣏㜭Ⲵ䀂ᓖᶕ䈤ˈ䘉Ӌ⢩↺ਕᔿⲴӗ⭏ഐѫ㾱ᱟ䎧ᕪ䈳Ⲵ⭘ˈণѪҶᕪ䈳ਕᆀ ѝⲴḀњᡀ࠶㘼ሶަᨀࡽ᭵൘㔃ᶴкᱮᗇ∄䖳⤜⢩DŽ
18.
2 ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅
⍫ࣘ1.1 ᰕᑨਓ䈝Ӕ䱵ѝᴹᖸཊਕᆀᱟнㅖਸਕ⌅㔃ᶴ㿴ࡉⲴDŽ䲔Ҷ䘉䟼ᨀࡠⲴ ق㻵ਕǃᨂ䈤ਕԕཆˈ䘈ᴹаӋ⢩↺ਕᔿDŽ 䈧ѮࠪаӋᰕᑨਓ䈝ѝᑨ㿱Ⲵǃнਸਕ⌅㔃ᶴ㿴ࡉⲴਕᔿˈᒦቍ䈅࠶᷀ ަ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩ԕ৺㺘࣏㜭DŽ ᡁԜ↔ࡽᆖ䗷Ⲵਕ⌅㔃ᶴᴹଚаӋ˛ 䘉Ӌਕ⌅㔃ᶴѝ㓴ᡀᡀ࠶ѻ䰤ᴹ⋑ᴹപᇊ亪ᒿ˛ 䘉Ӌਕ⌅㔃ᶴⲴ㓴ᡀᡀ࠶ѻ䰤Ⲵ亪ᒿྲօ˛ অਕ⢩↺ਕᔿ ق㻵ਕ ᨂ䈤ਕ ༽ᤷਕ മ㺘˖অਕ⢩↺ਕᔿ 㠚⍻ 1.1
19.
ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅ 3
ق㻵ਕ 1.1 1.1.1 ӰѸᱟق㻵ਕ ق㻵ਕˈቡᱟᤷਕᆀ䟼Ⲵᡀ࠶⅑ᒿ仐قⲴਕᆀDŽ∄ྲ䈤ˈ൘≹䈝а㡜 ਕᆀⲴᡀ࠶⅑ᒿѝˈѫ䈝൘ࡽˈ䉃䈝൘ਾ˗䘠䈝൘ࡽˈᇮ䈝൘ਾ˗؞侠䈝 ൘ࡽǃѝᗳ䈝൘ਾDŽ❦㘼൘ਓ䈝䟼ᖰᖰՊࠪ⧠⅑ᒿ仐قⲴᛵߥDŽᡁԜѮֻ ᶕ䈤˖ ࠪᶕੰˈʽ˄ᴩlj䴧䴘NJ˅ 䘉њਕᆀѝˈĀāѪѫ䈝ˈࠪ⧠൘䉃䈝ĀࠪᶕੰāѻਾDŽ᤹➗а㡜ѫ䉃ਕᆀⲴ 亪ᒿˈᓄ䈕䈤ĀࠪᶕੰāDŽ൘к䘠ਕᆀѝˈѫ䈝઼䉃䈝⅑ᒿ仐ق䗷ᶕˈ䘉ቡᱟق 㻵ਕDŽֻྲ˖ D
20.
ᘾѸˈ˛ E
21.
л⨝Ҷˈᐢ㓿DŽ 䘉єњਕᆀᑨ䈤ǃҏᑨੜࡠDŽնᱟᆳԜ䜭нㅖਸਕ⌅㔃ᶴ㿴ࡉDŽ∄ྲѫ䉃㔃 ᶴⲴ㿴ࡉᱟѫ䈝൘ࡽǃᇮ䈝൘ਾˈ❦㘼ĀᘾѸˈā䘉њਕᆀতሶѫ䈝᭮
൘䉃䈝Ⲵਾ䶒DŽ৸ྲ⣦ѝ㔃ᶴҏᱟ⣦䈝൘ࡽǃѝᗳ䈝൘ਾˈնĀл⨝Ҷˈᐢ 㓿āতሶ⣦䈝᭮൘ѝᗳ䈝Ⲵਾ䶒DŽֻྲ˖ D
22.
⡨⡨ҠⲴˈ䘉ˊᵜˊҖˊDŽ E
23.
ሿ䱸ᢃᶕⲴੇˈ⭥ˊ䈍ˊ˛ F
24.
ޝॱҶˈԆˊDŽ G
25.
ޝ⛩ˈᐢˊ㓿ˊʽ
26.
4 ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅
䘉Ӌق㻵ਕवਜ਼Ҷн਼ਕ⌅㔃ᶴⲴق㻵ᖒᔿˈ∄ྲĀޝॱҶˈԆāᱟѫ䉃 ਕⲴق㻵˗Āޝ⛩ˈᐢ㓿āᱟ⣦ѝ㔃ᶴⲴق㻵DŽᇎ䱵кˈ䲔Ҷ㚄ਸ㔃ᶴᰐ ᡰ䉃ق㻵ԕཆˈ≹䈝ѝⲴަ։ࠐਕ⌅Ⲵสᵜ㔃ᶴཊᮠ䜭㜭ཏ䘋㹼ق㻵DŽ к䘠Ⲵ⢩↺ਕᔿˈᡁԜ〠Āق㻵ਕāDŽㆰঅൠ䈤ˈቡᱟਕ⌅㔃ᶴਁ⭏Ҷق㻵ˈਕ ⌅ᡀ࠶ѻ䰤ӂ仐قDŽ 1.1.2 ق㻵ਕӗ⭏ഐ ق㻵ਕᱟᰕᑨਓ䈝ѝᖸᑨ㿱Ⲵਕ⌅⢩⛩DŽ㘼фྲкᡰ䘠ˈࠐѾᡰᴹਕᔿ䜭㜭䘋㹼ق 㻵DŽ❦㘼ق㻵ਕ઼а㡜ਕᔿウㄏᴹӰѸ४࡛˛൘ਓ䈝ѝѪӰѸ㓿ᑨՊࠪ⧠ق㻵˛ 䘉ቡ䴰㾱ᡁԜሩҾق㻵ਕⲴ⢩⛩৺ަӗ⭏ഐ䘋㹼࠶᷀DŽ 俆ݸᡁԜⴻⴻق㻵ਕӗ⭏Ⲵഐ˖ D
27.
ਓਓ䈝ѝⲴ䈝ᒿ㌺ҡ ቔަᱟ䈤䈍ᰦ䈝䙏ཚᘛˈ∄䖳ᙕ׳ˈаਕ䈍䈤ࠪਓԕਾˈ৸ᜣ䎧䴰㾱㺕ݵⲴ
䈍ˈቡᨱ൘ਾཤҶDŽ ਓ䈝ѝᖰᖰн㜭ྲҖ䶒䈝аṧˈਟԕнڌ䘋㹼؞᭩㺕ݵDŽᡰԕق㻵ਕ䜭ࠪ⧠ ൘ਓ䈝ѝDŽ E
28.
ᕪᕪ䈳ਕѝⲴḀӋᡀ࠶ 䈤䈍ᰦѪҶケࠪᕪ䈳ḀӋᡀ࠶ˈՐ䙂ḀӋ䟽㾱ؑˈቡՊᢺ䛓Ӌ䜘࠶᭮൘ࡽ
䶒DŽ䘉ᱟ䀰䈝ѝⲴа䟽㾱Ⲵ؞䗎⇥DŽྲ˖ L
29.
Ԇˊ䘈ˊ൘ˊᇦˊˈੜ䈤DŽ LL
30.
ཚˊ✝ˊҶˊˈ䘉䟼ʽ
31.
ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅ 5
䘉єਕ䈍䜭᰾ᱮᱟѪҶケࠪᕪ䈳ࡽ㖞Ⲵ䜘࠶ˈ㘼䘋㹼ق㻵ⲴDŽㅜаਕⲴ䟽㾱ؑᱟ ĀԆ䘈൘ᇦā˗ㅜҼਕⲴ䟽㾱ؑࡉᱟĀཚ✝ҶāDŽ䘉ṧⲴਕᔿᆹᧂˈ൘ケࠪ䟽㾱 ؑк㔍ሩᱟ∄Პ䙊ਕᔿᴤѪᴹ᭸DŽ ᧕лᶕᡁԜⴻⴻق㻵ਕⲴ⢩⛩DŽ 1.1.3 ق㻵ਕⲴ⢩⛩ ق㻵ਕⲴ⢩⛩ᱟоަӗ⭏ഐᴹᇶ࠷Ⲵ㚄㌫DŽഐ↔ṩᦞк䘠࠶᷀Ⲵӗ⭏ഐˈᡁԜ ࠶᷀ق㻵ਕާ༷Ⲵњ⢩⛩ྲл˖ D
32.
ق㻵ਕⲴ䈝䈝ਕ䟽丣൘ࡽ㖞䜘࠶ˈਾ㖞䜘࠶ࡉՊ䖫䈫DŽྲ˖ L
33.
আˊᆼˊҶˊˈᐢ㓿DŽ LL
34.
ཊˊቁˊ䫡ˊˈ䘉њ˛ 䘉䟼ࡽ㖞ⲴĀআᆼҶāǃĀཊቁ䫡ā䜭ᱟ䈝ਕ䟽丣ˈ㘼ਾ㖞ⲴĀᐢ
㓿āǃĀ䘉њāࡉᖰᖰՊ䖫䈫DŽ䘉ᖃ❦ᱟо䈝ѹк㾱ケࠪᕪ䈳ࡽ㖞 䜘࠶ᱟ㚄㌫ Ⲵ DŽ E
35.
ق㻵ਕⲴ䈝䈝ѹ䟽ᗳаᇊᱟ൘൘ࡽ㖞䜘࠶ˈਾ㖞䜘࠶ࡉਚ䎧ࡠ㺕ݵⲴ⭘DŽ䘉䟼 䈤Ⲵ䈝ѹ䟽ᗳˈок䶒ᨀࡠⲴケࠪᕪ䈳н਼DŽ䈝ѹ䟽ᗳቡᱟਕᆀ㠚❦Ⲵѹ 䟽⛩DŽྲ˖
L
36.
Ԝ৫ˊˊˈ傜кʽ LL
37.
нˊ৫ˊкˊ⎧ˊҶˈᡁߣᇊʽ ࡽањֻᆀᵜᶕቡᱟٿ↓㔃ᶴⲴق㻵ˈѝᗳ䈝㠚❦ᱟਕᆀⲴ䈝ѹ䟽ᗳˈࡽ
㖞ᆹᧂᱟᆼޘਟԕ⨶䀓ⲴDŽਾањਕᆀᱟ䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴⲴق㻵ˈᖸ᰾ᱮĀн৫к ⎧āҏᱟਕᆀⲴ䈝ѹ䟽ᗳDŽ
38.
6 ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅
F
39.
ق㻵ਕⲴਕਕ⌅㓴ᡀᡀ࠶䜭㜭ཏ䘈༽սDŽ㘼༽սਾⲴਕᆀᙍᒦнՊ ਈॆDŽᇎ䱵кˈ䘉Ӌق㻵ਕᵜᶕቡᱟᲞ䙊ਕᆀⲴ㓴ᡀᡀ࠶⅑ᒿ仐قᖒᡀⲴˈ 㘼䘉Ӌ仐قⲴᡀ࠶㾱ᱟᚒ༽ս㖞ԕਾˈᙍӽᱟнਈॆⲴDŽֻྲ˖
L
40.
ཊቁ䫡ˈ䘉ˊњˊ˛ LL
41.
н㾱ࠪ䭉ҶˈᐼˊᵋˊDŽ LLL
42.
䜭⡜н䎧ᶕҶˈ㍟ˊᗇˊDŽ 䘉Ӌق㻵Ⲵਕᆀ䜭ਟԕ䘋㹼༽ս㘼ѹнਈDŽྲĀཊቁ䫡ˈ䘉њā༽սਾቡ
ᱟĀ䘉њཊቁ䫡āˈᚒ༽ᡀѫ䉃㔃ᶴ㘼ѹ䘈ᱟаṧDŽ৸ྲĀн㾱 ࠪ䭉Ҷˈᐼᵋā༽սਾᱟĀᐼᵋн㾱ࠪ䭉Ҷāˈᚒ༽ᡀ䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴѻ ਾѹнਈDŽྲĀ䜭⡜н䎧ᶕҶˈ㍟ᗇāҏᱟаṧਟԕ༽սⲴDŽ G
43.
ق㻵ਕѝⲴ䈝䈝≄䇽аᇊ൘ࡽ㖞䜘࠶ѻਾˈ㘼нՊ䐏䲿൘ਾ㖞䜘࠶ѻਾ ࠪ⧠ⲴDŽֻྲ˖ L
44.
ޝ⛩ˈᐢˊ㓿ˊʽ LL
45.
ᜣӰѸˈˊ˛ к䘠Ⲵֻ
ਕѝ䈝≄ 䇽䜭ᱟ䲿 ⵰ࡽ㖞䜘 ࠶а䎧ࠪ ⧠Ⲵˈ㘼 нՊ⮉൘ ਕ ᵛDŽྲĀ ޝ⛩ˈ ᐢ㓿āˈ нਟԕ䈤 ᡀ Ā ޝ ⛩ˈᐢ㓿 ʽā㘼Ā ᜣ ӰѸˈ ˛āҏ н㜭䈤ᡀ ĀᜣӰѸ ˈ˛ ā 1.1.4 н਼ਕ⌅㔃ᶴⲴق㻵 ق㻵ਕቡᱟሶᵜⲴ㓴ਸᡀ࠶ѻ䰤Ⲵ⅑ᒿ仐ق䗷ᶕ㘼ᖒᡀⲴਕᔿDŽ≹䈝สᵜਕ⌅㔃 ᶴѝˈ㚄ਸ㔃ᶴᵜ䓛Ⲵ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩ѻаቡᱟᡀ࠶ѻ䰤ᱟਟԕӂ仐ق⅑ᒿⲴDŽഐ↔㚄 ਸ㔃ᶴቡᰐᡰ䉃ق㻵DŽ㘼ަ։ਕ⌅㔃ᶴྲѫ䉃㔃ᶴǃ䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴǃٿ↓㔃ᶴǃ䘠㺕㔃 ᶴ䜭ᱟਟԕ䘋㹼ق㻵ⲴDŽ
46.
ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅ 7
ԕлᡁԜ䘋㹼࠶᷀˖ D
47.
ѫѫ䉃㔃ᶴⲴق㻵ˈণᢺѫ䈝᭮൘䉃䈝Ⲵਾ䗩DŽֻྲ˖ L
48.
ཚ✝Ҷˈ䘉ˊ䟼ˊʽ LL
49.
ᕏᕏᔴൿⲴˈ䛓ˊњˊ⧙ˊާˊDŽ LLL
50.
ᜣӰѸˈˊ˛ LY
51.
ཊቁ䫡ˈ䘉ˊњˊ˛ E
52.
䘠䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴⲴق㻵ˈণᢺ䘠䈝᭮൘ᇮ䈝Ⲵਾ䗩DŽֻྲ˖ L
53.
Ԇ䘈൘ᇦˈੜˊ䈤ˊDŽ LL
54.
н৫к⎧Ҷˈᡁߣˊᇊˊʽ LLL
55.
Ჲᰦ൘䘉䟼ՁˈᡁԜᢃˊ㇇ˊDŽ LY
56.
н㾱ࠪ䭉ҶˈᐼˊᵋˊDŽ F
57.
ٿٿ↓㔃ᶴⲴق㻵ˈণᢺ؞侠䈝᭮൘ѝᗳ䈝Ⲵਾ䗩DŽֻྲ˖ L
58.
ᡁՊࠪᑝⲴˈаˊᇊˊDŽ LL
59.
Ԝ৫ˈ傜ˊкˊʽ LLL
60.
ࠪ৫ҶˈབྷˊᾲˊDŽ LY
61.
আᆼҶˈᐢˊ㓿ˊDŽ
62.
8 ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅
G
63.
䘠䘠㺕㔃ᶴⲴق㻵ˈণᢺ㺕䈝᭮൘䘠䈝Ⲵਾ䗩DŽֻྲ˖ L
64.
⌚䜭⍱ࠪᶕҶˈབྷᇦㅁˊᗇˊDŽ LL
65.
ⶋ䜭߂⚛Ҷˈ≄ˊᗇˊʽ LLL
66.
䜭⡜н䎧ᶕҶˈ㍟ˊᗇˊDŽ LY
67.
є䜭㛯ҶˈଝˊᗇˊDŽ
㠚⍻ 1.2 ق㻵ਕⲴӗ⭏ഐᴹଚӋ˛ ق㻵ਕⲴ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩ᱟӰѸ˛ ق㻵ਕоᲞ䙊ਕᆀᴹӰѸ४࡛˛ ଚӋਕ⌅㔃ᶴਟԕ䘋㹼ق㻵˛ ⍫ࣘ1.2 ĀӰѸҖ䜭ⴻāǃĀаሱؑ߉ҶаॺāǃĀ䘉ᱟаᵜৼ䈝䇽ިˈࡊࠪ⡸ Ⲵāˈ䘉Ӌਕᆀᱟнᱟق㻵˛ṩᦞᡁԜሩق㻵ਕⲴ࠶᷀ˈ䘉Ӌਕᆀᱟ ㅖਸق㻵ਕᓄᴹⲴ⢩⛩˛
68.
ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅ 9
ᨂ䈤ਕ 1.2 1.2.1 ᨂ䈤ਕⲴ⢩⛩ ᨂ䈤ਕҏᱟа⢩↺ਕᔿDŽ䘉ਕᔿҏᱟ㓿ᑨࠪ⧠൘ᡁԜᰕᑨਓ䈝ѝⲴDŽᨂ 䈤ਕᤷⲴቡᱟሶањᆼᮤⲴਕᔿ㔃ᶴ࠷ᔰˈѝ䰤ᨂޕањоࡽਾ䜭нਁ⭏㔃 ᶴޣ㌫Ⲵ䇽䈝DŽֻྲ˖ 䖖ˈнˊ⭘ˊ䈤ˊˈᖃ❦ᱟཤㅹDŽ˄ਦ䲦ljਜ਼㗎㥹NJ˅ 䘉䟼ⲴֻᆀⲴ↓ᑨਕ⌅㔃ᶴᓄ䈕ᱟĀ䖖ᖃ❦ᱟཤㅹāˈ㘼ᨂ䈤ਕⲴ⢩⛩ቡᱟ൘ѝ䰤 ࠷ᔰਾᨂޕᰐ㔃ᶴޣ㌫Ⲵ䇽䈝DŽഐ↔ֻਕѝⲴĀн⭘䈤āቡᱟᨂޕⲴᡀ࠶ˈ㘼ᆳᱟ оĀ䖖ā઼Āᖃ❦ᱟཤㅹāнਁ⭏ԫօ㔃ᶴޣ㌫ⲴDŽ ᨂ䈤ਕⲴᨂޕᡀ࠶㲭❦оࡽਾ䜘࠶䜭нਁ⭏㔃ᶴޣ㌫ˈնᱟӾ䈝ѹкᶕ䈤䘈 ᱟ䎧ࡠḀӋ㺘࣏㜭ⲴDŽ∄ྲ䘉䟼ⲴֻਕˈᵜⲴਕᔿĀ䖖ᖃ❦ᱟཤ ㅹ ā ᱟ њ ѫ 䉃 㔃 ᶴ ˈ ѫ 㾱 ᱟ 㺘 ⽪ а ࡔ ᯝ Ⲵ ˈ ণ ѫ 䈝 ᱟ Ā 䖖 ā ˈ 㘼 䉃 䈝 Ā ᖃ ❦ ᱟ ཤ ㅹ ā ᱟ ሩ ѫ 䈝 Ⲵ ࡔ ᯝ DŽ 䘉 䟼 ˈ ᨂ ޕ ᡀ ࠶ Ā н ⭘ 䈤 ā ᱟሩ䉃䈝ࡔᯝⲴа ࣐ᕪˈ㺘⽪㛟ᇊ䈝≄Ⲵˈণ䈤᰾䘉ṧⲴࡔᯝᱟ㔍ሩ↓⺞ⲴDŽ ᖃ❦ˈ䲿⵰ᨂޕᡀ࠶Ⲵн਼ˈᨂ䈤ਕⲴ㺘⭘ҏՊᴹᡰਈॆDŽ ਖཆˈк䘠Ⲵֻᆀᱟᨂ䈤ᡀ࠶ᨂޕ൘ѫ䉃㔃ᶴѻ䰤DŽަᇎᨂ䈤ਕҏਟਁ⭏൘н਼Ⲵ ਕ⌅㔃ᶴѝⲴDŽ
69.
10 ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅
1.2.2 н਼ਕ⌅㔃ᶴⲴᨂ䈤 ᨂ䈤ਕока㢲ӻ㓽Ⲵق㻵ਕаṧˈਟԕ൘н਼ਕ⌅㔃ᶴѝᖒᡀDŽ❦㘼ᨂ䈤ਕᴤᑨ 㿱Ҿѫ䉃㔃ᶴǃ䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴǃ䘠㺕㔃ᶴⲴਕᔿѝDŽ ԕлᡁԜѮֻ䘋㹼ӻ㓽˖ D
70.
ѫѫ䉃㔃ᶴⲴᨂ䈤DŽֻྲ˖ L
71.
ԆԜˈ䈤ˊнˊᇊˊˈᐢ㓿ࡠҶDŽ LL
72.
䘉䟼Ⲵь㾯ˈˊˊˊˈ䜭㻛ᔴൿҶʽ LLL
73.
Ԇˈˊⴻˊˈ䘈ᱟњᆖ⭏ʽ E
74.
䘠䘠ᇮ㔃ᶴⲴᨂ䈤DŽֻྲ˖ L
75.
ᡁԜ㿹ᗇˈҏˊнˊаˊᇊˊ߶ˊ⺞ˊˈ䘉ԦһᱟԆڊⲴDŽ LL
76.
ᡁᜣ䈤ˈᖸˊᣡˊⅹˊˈ⋑ᴹ㻛ᖅਆDŽ LLL
77.
ᡁԜ䘉䟼ᖸ䘲ਸˈྲˊˊᡰˊ㿱ˊⲴˊˈᒤ䖫ཛྷትտDŽ F
78.
䘠䘠㺕㔃ᶴⲴᨂ䈤DŽֻྲ˖ L
79.
Ԇ䛓њ㖞ˊᱟˊ⸕ˊ䚃ˊⲴˊˈᐢ乷 LL
80.
ԆԜᘉᗇˈ䈤ˊнˊᇊˊˈ䘎依䜭⋑ਲ਼ǃ㿹䜭⋑ⶑDŽ LLL
81.
Ԇㅁᗇˈᦞˊ䈤ˊˈ䘎⌚䜭⍱ࠪᶕҶDŽ
82.
ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅ 11
1.2.3 ᨂ䈤ਕⲴѹ㊫ර ᨂ䈤ਕⲴ ᨂޕᡀ࠶ оࡽਾ䜭 нਁ⭏ਕ ⌅㔃ᶴޣ ㌫DŽ❦㘼 Ӿ䈝ѹк ᶕ䈤ˈ䘉 Ӌᨂޕᡀ ࠶ӽᱟ䎧 ࡠаӋ㺘 ࣏㜭Ⲵ DŽ∄ྲк ᮷ᡁԜӻ 㓽䗷Ⲵˈ Ā䖖ˈн ⭘䈤ˈᖃ ❦ᱟཤㅹ āˈަѝ ᨂޕᡀ࠶ Āн⭘䈤 āᱟ㺘⽪ ࣐ᕪ㛟ᇊ ⲴDŽ ԕлᡁԜӻ㓽ᨂ䈤ਕⲴࠐѫ㾱㺘࣏㜭˖ D
83.
ᕅᕅ䎧ሩᯩ⌘DŽֻྲ˖ L
84.
ྩⲴⅼ༠ˈˊੜˊˈཊѸࣘӪʽ LL
85.
䘉њൠᯩˈˊⴻˊˈᢺᆳᔴൿҶʽ LLL
86.
Ԇˈˊⴻˊˈቡᱟ䘉ѸਛӪ䇘়ʽ E
87.
㺘㺘⽪ՠ䟿DŽֻྲ˖ L
88.
ᡁԜˈ䈤ˊнˊᇊˊˈԕਾ䘈Պ㿱䶒ⲴDŽ LL
89.
䘉Ӌ伏⢙ˈݵˊަˊ䟿ˊˈਚཏᡁԜਲ਼аཙDŽ LLL
90.
ᡁᡰᴹⲴ䫡ˈҏˊ䇨ˊˈ䘈ᱟᰐ⌅䘈٪࣑DŽ F
91.
㺘㺘⽪㛟ᇊDŽֻྲ˖ L
92.
Ԝˈнˊ⭘ˊ䈤ˊˈ㠚❦ᱟ䐏ྩ䎠ⲴDŽ LL
93.
䘉њൠᯩˈ∛ˊᰐˊ⯁ˊ䰞ˊˈᖃ❦ᱟᖂԆⲴDŽ LLL
94.
Ԝ䗷ᶕˈнˊ⭘ˊ䰞ˊˈаᇊᱟԆⲴDŽ
95.
12 ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅
G
96.
㺘㺘⽪ѮֻDŽֻྲ˖ L
97.
傜ᶕ㾯ӊⲴᖸཊዋኯˈྲˊ⎞ˊ㖇ˊӔˊᙑˊǃˊ✝ˊ⎚ˊዋˊˈᲟ㢢䜭ᖸ㖾DŽ LL
98.
䘉䟼Ⲵ䇮༷ˈྲˊ⭥ˊ㝁ˊǃˊᣅˊᖡˊᵪˊˈޘ䜭ᱟழᗳӪᦀ⥞ⲴDŽ LLL
99.
励䗵Ⲵሿ䈤ˈྲˊljˊᆄˊ҉ˊᐡˊNJǃlj䱯ˊ4ˊ↓ˊՐˊNJˊˈ䜭ᱟ㜽⛉ӪਓⲴDŽ
㠚⍻ 1.3 ӰѸᱟᨂ䈤ਕ˛ ᨂ䈤ਕⲴ㔃ᶴ⢩⛩ᱟӰѸ˛ ᨂ䈤ਕоق㻵ਕᴹӰѸ४࡛˛ ᨂ䈤ਕᴹଚӋ㺘࣏㜭˛ ⍫ࣘ1.3 ĀԜˈн⭘䈤ˈ㠚❦ᱟ䐏ྩ䎠Ⲵā઼Ā㠚❦ᱟ䐏ྩ䎠ⲴˈԜāˈ ᱟҾӰѸਕᔿ˛ 䈧Ӿਕ⌅㔃ᶴޣ㌫઼䈝ѹ㔃ᶴޣ㌫єњ䀂ᓖ䘋㹼࠶᷀ˈ䈤᰾䘉єњਕᔿ ѻ䰤ᴹӰѸᔲ਼DŽ
100.
ㅜаㄐঅਕ˄⢩↺ਕᔿ˅ 13
༽ᤷਕ 1.3 1.3.1 ༽ᤷਕⲴ⢩⛩ ༽ᤷਕᱟᡁԜ㾱ӻ㓽Ⲵㅜй⢩↺অਕਕᔿDŽ༽ᤷਕˈᱟᤷ⭡Ҿ㺘䗮кⲴ䴰㾱ˈሶ ਕᆀⲴḀњᡀ࠶ᨀࡽˈ㘼൘ᶕⲴս㖞к⭘ԓ䇽ᶕ༽ᤷᆳDŽ∄ྲ˖ 䘉ˊаˊ㺻ˊඳˊ൮ˊˈᢺᆳˊࠪ৫ђҶDŽ 䘉њֻਕ䟼ⲴĀ䘉а㺻ඳ൮āᵜᶕᱟӻ䇽ĀᢺāⲴᇮ䈝ˈ❦㘼ѪҶ㺘к䎧ࡠケࠪ ᕪ䈳Ⲵ⭘ˈሶᆳᨀࡠਕᆀⲴࡽ䶒ᶕˈ❦ਾ൘ᶕⲴս㖞к⭘ањĀᆳāᶕ䘋㹼༽ ᤷDŽ ㊫լⲴֻᆀ䘈ᴹ˖ D