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graphics programming in java

This document discusses graphics programming in Java. It covers the applet and AWT packages used for drawing graphics. Methods like drawString(), drawLine(), drawRect(), fillOval() and setColor() are described for drawing different shapes and text. Sample code is provided to demonstrate using these methods to draw lines, rectangles, ovals and changing color in an applet. The document serves as an introduction to graphics programming concepts in Java.

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JAVA GRAPHICS PROGRAMMING B.ABINAYA BHARATHI M.Sc[Cs&IT], NADAR SARASWATHI COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE, THENI. 1
INTRODUCTION  Main feature in java is creating a graphical interface .  Graphics in any language gives a wonderful look and feel to the users .  Two packages that are mainly used to draw graphics.  Applet package  awt package 2
APPLET  An applet is a Java program that runs in a Web browser  An applet is a Java class that extends the java.applet.Applet class  A main() method is not invoked on an applet  Applets are designed to be embedded within an HTML page. 3
EXAMPLE APPLET PROGRAM Importing applet package ` This html code tells the compiled java applet of a sample.class Paint method is used to paint a applet drawstring( ) - graphics class displays the string within the double quotes 4
OUTPUT 5
AWT PACKAGE  The Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT)  It is Java's original platform-independent windowing, graphics, and user-interface toolkit.  The AWT classes are contained in the java.awt package.  It is used to create a interactive page with buttons , text box and other tools . 6
GRAPHICS CLASS  Graphics class include methods for drawing shapes , images to the screen inside your applet  Graphics class contain several inbuilt methods to create graphical interface. 7
DRAWING STRING IN APPLET drawString()  drawString() is used to display string in Graphical area. SYNTAX drawString(String str, int x, int y)  String to be displayed  x and y position on the graphical window. 8
DRAWING LINES drawLine()  This method is used to draw a line. SYNTAX drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)  This method contains two pair of coordinates, (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) as arguments  draws a line between them. 9
drawPolyline()  It connects the xPoints and yPoints arrays  It does not connect the endpoints. SYNTAX drawPolyline(int[] xPoints,int[] yPoints,int nPoints) 10
SAMPLE CODE 11
OUTPUT 12
DRAWING SHAPE PRIMITIVES drawRect()  Used to draw rectangle shape in an applet. SYNTAX drawRect(int xTopLeft, int yTopLeft, int width, int height);  First two points represents x and y coordinates of the top left corner  Next two represent the width and the height of the rectangle. 13
drawOval()  Used to draw circle and oval in an applet. SYNTAX drawOval(int xTopLeft, int yTopLeft, int width, int height);  First two arguments represents x and y coordinates of the top left .  Third and fourth argument represent the width and the height of the rectangle . 14
drawArc()  Arc is same as oval  first four are same as arguments of drawOval( )  Next arguments represents starting angle and degrees around the arc. SYNTAX drawArc(int xTopLeft, int yTopLeft, int width, int height, int startAngle, int arcAngle); 15
drawRoundRect()  By using this method we can draw rounded rectangle SYNTAX drawRoundRect(int xTopLeft, int yTopLeft, int width, int height, int arcWidth, int arcHeight)  Rounded rectangle contains same argument as drawRect().  In rounded rectangle two extra arguments representing the width and height of the angle of corners. 16
drawPolygon()  This method Draws an outline polygon as per the coordinates specified in the x[] and y[] arrays  Numpoints - number of elements in the array SYNTAX drawPolygon(int[] xPoints, int[] yPoints, int numPoint); 17
SAMPLE CODE 18
OUTPUT 19
FILLING PRIMITIVE SHAPES fillOval()  The fillOval() method draws a filled oval .  We can’t specify the oval's center point and radii.  The filled oval is one pixel smaller to the right and bottom than requested. SYNTAX fillOval(int xTopLeft, int yTopLeft, int width, int height); 20
fillArc()  The fillArc() method is similar to the drawArc() method except that it draws a filled arc .  If width and height are equal and arcAngle is 360 degrees  fillArc() draws a filled circle. SYNTAX fillArc(int xTopLeft, int yTopLeft, int width, int height, int startAngle, int arcAngle); 21
fillRect()  fillRect() method draws a filled .  The filled rectangle is one pixel smaller to the right and bottom than requested.  If width or height is negative, nothing is drawn. SYNTAX fillRect(int xTopLeft, int yTopLeft, int width, int height); 22
fillPolygon()  The fillPolygon() method draws a polygon.  If xPoints or yPoints does not have numPoints elements, it throws the run-time exception andIllegalArgumentException.  If the polygon is not closed, fillPolygon() adds a segment connecting the endpoints. SYNTAX fillPolygon(int[] xPoints, int[] yPoints, int numPoint);  23
fillRoundRect()  The fillRoundRect() method is similar to drawRoundRect() method except that it draws a filled rectangle on the drawing area  If width, height, arcWidth, and arcHeight are all equal, you get a filled circle. SYNTAX fillRoundRect(int xTopLeft, int yTopLeft, int width, int height, int arcWidth, int arcHeight); 24
SAMPLE CODE 25
OUTPUT 26
setColor( )  AWT color class used to specify any color we need.  color is specified as Color.Blue  By default, graphics objects are drawn in the current foreground color.  We can change this color by calling the setColor( ). EX: g.setColor(Color . yellow); 27
SAMPLE CODE 28
OUTPUT 29
THANK YOU 30