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FYBSC IT Web Programming Unit I HTML 5 & andcss

HTML5 is the latest version of the HTML standard, introducing features that enhance web application capabilities, media support, and improve interactions. It incorporates new tags for text formatting, list structures, hyperlinks, and external CSS for styling. Despite some browser support issues, HTML5 is vital for modern web development and accessibility.

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HTML 5 UNIT I
• HTML5 is the fifth revision and newest version of the HTML standard. • It offers new features that provide not only rich media support, but also enhance support for creating web applications that can interact with the user, his/her local data, and servers, more easily and effectively than was possible previously. • Some HTML5 features remain unsupported by some browsers. However, Gecko, and by extension, Firefox, has very good support for HTML5, and work continues toward supporting more of its features. Introduction
• Accessibility • Video and Audio Support • Doctype • Cleaner Code • Smarter Storage • Better Interactions • Game Development • Legacy/Cross Browser Support • Mobile, Mobile, Mobile • It’s the Future, Get With It! Why HTML5? Detailed Features of HTML 5
• HTML style attribute. • HTML uses elements like <b> and <i> for formatting output, like bold or italic text. • Formatting elements were designed to display special types of text: • <b> - Bold text • <strong> - Important text • <i> - Italic text • <em> - Emphasized text • <mark> - Marked text • <small> - Small text • <del> - Deleted text • <ins> - Inserted text • <sub> - Subscript text • <sup> - Superscript text Formatting text by using tags
• There are three types of lists: • Unordered Lists • Ordered List • Definition List • Parents have the right to appeal the placement of their child in a special education class. • Parents have the right to extra assistance from the school, including counseling, tutorial, and remedial programs. • Example <ul> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Tea</li> <li>Milk</li> </ul> Using lists and backgrounds
Unordered HTML List • An unordered list starts with the <ul> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. • The list items will be marked with bullets (small black circles) by default • he CSS list-style-type property is used to define the style of the list item marker Value Description disc Sets the list item marker to a bullet (default) circle Sets the list item marker to a circle square Sets the list item marker to a square none The list items will not be marked
Ordered HTML List • An ordered list starts with the <ol> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. • The list items will be marked with numbers by default: • Ordered HTML List - The Type Attribute Type Description type="1" The list items will be numbered with numbers (default) type="A" The list items will be numbered with uppercase letters type="a" The list items will be numbered with lowercase letters type="I" The list items will be numbered with uppercase roman numbers type="i" The list items will be numbered with lowercase roman numbers
HTML Description Lists • HTML also supports description lists. • A description list is a list of terms, with a description of each term. • The <dl> tag defines the description list, the <dt> tag defines the term (name), and the <dd> tag describes each term: • <dl> <dt>Coffee</dt> <dd>- black hot drink</dd> <dt>Milk</dt> <dd>- white cold drink</dd> </dl>
HTML <body> background Attribute • Specify a background image for an HTML document • <body background="bgimage.jpg"> • Specify a background color for an HTML document: • <html> <body bgcolor="#E6E6FA"> <h1>Hello world!</h1> <p>FYBSC IT</p> </body> </html>
• Links are found in nearly all web pages. Links allow users to click their way from page to page. • HTML Links - Hyperlinks • You can click on a link and jump to another document. • When you move the mouse over a link, the mouse arrow will turn into a little hand. • Note: A link does not have to be text. It can be an image or any other HTML element. • Syntax: <a href="url">link text</a> • Example: <a href="http://www.google.com/html/">Gmail</a> Creating hyperlinks and anchors
Style sheets • Setting the style of an HTML element, can be done with the style attribute. • The HTML style attribute has the following syntax: • <tagname style="property:value;"> • HTML Background Color • The background-color property defines the background color for an HTML element. • This example sets the background color for a page to powderblue: <body style="background-color:powderblue;"> <h1>This is a heading</h1> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> </body>
Styling HTML with CSS • CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. • CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, paper, or in other media. • CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once. • CSS can be added to HTML elements in 3 ways: • Inline - by using the style attribute in HTML elements • Internal - by using a <style> element in the <head> section • External - by using an external CSS file • The most common way to add CSS, is to keep the styles in separate CSS files.
Styling HTML with CSS-Inline • An inline CSS is used to apply a unique style to a single HTML element. • An inline CSS uses the style attribute of an HTML element. • This example sets the text color of the <h1> element to blue: • Example: <h1 style="color:blue;">This is a Blue Heading</h1>
Styling HTML with CSS- Internal • An internal CSS is used to define a style for a single HTML page. • An internal CSS is defined in the <head> section of an HTML page, within a <style> element: • Example: <html> <head> <style> body {background-color: powderblue;} h1 {color: blue;} p {color: red;} </style> </head> <body> <h1>This is a heading</h1> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
Styling HTML with CSS- External • An external style sheet is used to define the style for many HTML pages. • With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire web site, by changing one file! • To use an external style sheet, add a link to it in the <head> section of the HTML page: • Example: <html> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mystyle.css"> </head> <body> <h1>This is a heading</h1> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
Styling HTML with CSS- External • An external style sheet can be written in any text editor. The file must not contain any HTML code, and must be saved with a .css extension. • Here is how the “mystyles.css" looks: • Example: • body { background-color: powderblue; } h1 { color: blue; } p { color: red; }
Styling HTML with CSS- External • An external style sheet can be written in any text editor. The file must not contain any HTML code, and must be saved with a .css extension. • Here is how the “Externalstyles.html" looks: • Example: <html> <head> <title>External CSS</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="myFirstCSS.css"> </head> <body> <h1>This is a heading</h1> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
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