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Uploaded byOsama Al-Zahrani
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Dermatology (terminology of skin lesions)

The document describes and classifies various skin lesions. It defines 26 different lesions including macules, papules, plaques, vesicles, bullae, pustules, cysts, nodules and wheals as primary skin lesions. Secondary skin lesions include scales, crusts, fissures, erosions, ulcers, lichenification and atrophy. Special skin lesions include telangiectasia, phlebectasia, burrows and comedones. Vasculopathies like petechiae, purpura and ecchymosis are also defined. Iris-like lesions are used to describe erythema multiforme. Each lesion is concisely defined and an example is provided.

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1- Macule : - Flat lesion ( Less than 1 cm ). - Example : Freckles.
2- Patch : - Flat lesion ( More than 1 cm ). - Example : Vitiligo.
3- Papule : - Solid Elevated lesion ( Less than 1 cm ). - Example : Blue Nevus.
4- Plaque : - Solid Elevated lesion ( More than 1 cm ). - Example : Pityriasis Rosea.
5- Vesicle : - Lesion contain fluid ( Less than 0.5 cm ). - Example : Varicella Zoster.
6- Bulla : - Lesion contain fluid ( More than 0.5 cm ). - Example : Bullous Pemphigoid.
7- Pustule : - Lesion containing pus. - Example : Insect bite.
8- Cyst : - Encapsulated cavity lined with epithelium that contains fluid or semisolid material. - Example : Cystic hidradenoma.
9- Nodule : - Dome shaped lesion it can be endophytic or exophytic. - Example : Basal Cell Carcinoma.
10- Wheals : - Evanescent edematous elevation of skin caused by dermal edema. - Example : Urticaria.
1- Scale : - Flat plate or flake arising from stratum corneum. - Example : Psoriasis.
2- Crust : - Dried exudate lesion, can be : - Dirty yellow (purulent exudate). - Brown (contain blood). - Example : Impetigo.
3- Fissure : - Linear cleavage of the skin extend to the dermis. - Example : Heel fissures.
3- Erosion : - Superficial break of the epidermis (not extend to the dermis), so it will heal without scarring. - Example : Tinea Pedis.
4- Ulcer : - Circumscribed loss of the skin extending to the epidermis and dermis. - Example : Leishmaniasis.
5- Lichenification : - Thickening of the skin and accentuation of skin markings due to frequent rubbing (itching). - Example : Eczema.
6- Atrophy : - Thining of the epidermis ,dermis or both (translucent and wrinkled) with visible blood vessels. - Example : Keloid.
7- Scar : - Permenant fibrous tissue formation at the site of skin lesion , it lack normal skin markings. - Example : Keloid scar.
1- Telangiectasia : - Visible small blood vessel (capillary).
2- Phlebectasia : - Visible dilated blood vessel (vein)
3- Burrow : - Tunnel formation S- shape or linear it is characteristic of Scabies.
4- Comedo : - Plugged sebaceous follicle, It can be black or white.
1- Petechiae : - Less than 3 mm.
2- Purpura : - From 3 to 10mm.
3- Ecchymosis : - More than 10mm.
Iris like lesion : - Erythema multiforme.
DescriptionNameClassification Flat lesion ( Less than 1 cm ).1- Macule PrimarySkinLesion Flat lesion ( More than 1 cm ).2- Patch Solid Elevated lesion ( Less than 1 cm ).3- Papule Solid Elevated lesion ( More than 1 cm ).4- Plaque Lesion contain fluid ( Less than 0.5 cm ).5- Vesicle Lesion contain fluid ( More than 0.5 cm ).6- Bulla Lesion containing pus.7- Pustule Encapsulated cavity lined with epithelium that contains fluid or semisolid material.8- Cyst Dome shaped lesion it can be endophytic or exophytic.9- Nodule Evanescent edematous elevation of skin caused by dermal edema.10- Wheals Flat plate or flake arising from stratum corneum.11- Scale Secondary Skin Lesion Dried exudate lesion, can be : Dirty yellow (purulent exudate), Brown (contain blood).12- Crust Linear cleavage of the skin extend to the dermis.13- Fissure Superficial break of the epidermis (not extend to the dermis),so it will heal without scarring.14- Erosion
DescriptionNameClassification Circumscribed loss of the skin extending to the epidermis and dermis.15- Ulcer Secondary Skin Lesion Thickening of the skin and accentuation of skin markings due to frequent rubbing (itching).16- Lichenification Thining of the epidermis ,dermis or both (translucent and wrinkled) with visible blood vessels.17- Atrophy Permenant fibrous tissue formation at the site of skin lesion , it lack normal skin markings.18- Scar Visible small blood vessel (capillary).19- Telangiectasia Special Skin Lesion Visible dilated blood vessel (vein).20- Phlebectasia Tunnel formation S- shape or linear it is characteristic of Scabies.21- Burrow Plugged sebaceous follicle, It can be black or white.22- Comedo Less than 3 mm.23- Petechiae Vasculopathy From 3 to 10mm.24- Purpura More than 10mm.25- Ecchymosis Erythema multiforme.26- Iris like lesionTarget lesion