Bsnl

Industrial Training Seminar onIndustrial Training Seminar on
BSNL ,GORAKHPUR ,U.PBSNL ,GORAKHPUR ,U.P
Submitted By:-Submitted By:-
Akash AgrahariAkash Agrahari
B.Tech.(EC)B.Tech.(EC)
Final YearFinal Year
Roll No. 1303531002Roll No. 1303531002
SESSION : 2016-17SESSION : 2016-17

A Presentation by
 Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (known as BSNL) is a public
sector telecommunication company, headquartered in New Delhi
, India. Mr.R.K Upadhyay is a Chairman and MD of BSNL.
BSNL is at 5th position as an operator with Market share of
13.28%. BSNL has large base of skilled work force of around
2.84 lakh as on 30th
April 2013.
The total telephone connections as on April 30, 2013 are 897
millions, out of which 119.14 million connections are provided
by BSNL.
 It has the status of Mini Ratna, a status assigned to reputed
public sector companies in India.
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

To provide world class State-of-art technology telecom
services on demand at affordable price.
 To Provide world class telecom infrastructure to develop
country's economy.

 Universal Telecom Services : Fixed wireline services and
landline in local loop (WLL) using CDMA Technology called
bfone and Tarang respectively.
Cellular Mobile Telephone Services: BSNL is major provider
of Cellular Mobile Telephone services using GSM platform under
the brand name Cellone & Excel (BSNL Mobile).
WLL-CDMA Telephone Services: BSNL's WLL (Wireless in
Local Loop)service is a service giving both fixed line telephony &
Mobile telephony.

Internet: BSNL provides Internet access services through dial-up
connection (as Sancharnet through 2009) as Prepaid, NetOne as
Postpaid and ADSL broadband as BSNL Broadband[
3G: BSNL offers the '3G' or the ‘3rd Generation' services which
includes facilities like video calling, mobile broadband, live TV,
3G Video portal, streaming services and video on demand etc.
 Intelligent Network (IN): BSNL offers value-added services,
such as Free Phone Service (FPH), India Telephone Card (Prepaid
card), Account Card Calling (ACC), Virtual Private Network
(VPN), Tele-voting, Universal Access Number (UAN).

WiMax: BSNL has introduced India's first 4th Generation High-
Speed Wireless Broadband Access Technology with the
minimum speed of 256kbit/s.
The focus of this service is mainly rural customer where the wired
broadband facility is not available.
IPTV:BSNL also offers the 'Internet Protocol Television' facility
which enables customers to watch television through internet.

This section includes brief introduction of how a call is processed when we dial
a call from basic telephone to another basic telephone or from basic to mobile
or vice versa.

CALL SETUP:
When a subscriber calls to another subscriber first its request goes to the
nearest switching centre that is PSTN (Public Switching Telecommunication
Network). Then it processes the caller and subscriber’s number if it exists in
the same BSC (Base Station Controller) then call setup is completed.
If subscriber is not in the same BSC then call transfer to MSC (Mobile Switching
Centre) then it transfers the call to prior BSC then call setup is completed.
If Caller calls to a mobile subscriber then call transfer is done by MTSO(Mobile
Telephone Switching Office)
now call transfer is done on BTS (Base Transceiver Station) and call setup is
completed.

WORKING OF BASIC TELECOMMUNICATION
NETWORK

Parts of a Telecommunication network
The main parts of a Telecommunication network are:
1.Telephone Exchange
2.Main Distribution Frame (MDF)
3.Switch Room

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE
Equipment which effects
interconnection of telephones is
known as switching equipment.
The switching centre, which houses
the terminating and switching
equipment is called telephone
exchange.
A telephone exchange is a
telecommunication system used in
the public switched telephone
network or in large enterprises. An
exchange consists of electronic
components that interconnect
(switch) telephone subscriber lines or
virtual circuits of digital systems to
establish telephone calls between
subscribers

OCB(ORGANE DE COMMANDE B2 VERSION)

MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME(MDF)
M.D.F. is a media between switching network and subscriber’s line. It is a termination point
within the local telephone exchange where exchange equipment and terminations of local
loops are connected by jumper wires.
FUNCTIONS OF MDF:

All cable copper wires supplying services through user telephone lines are terminated and
distributed through MDF.
The most common kind of large MDF is a long steel rack accessible from both sides. Each
jumper is a twisted wire.
It consists of local connection and broadband connection frames for the main Exchange
area.
The MDF usually holds central office protective devices including heat coils and functions as
a test point between a line and the office.
It provides testing of calls.
It checks whether fault is indoor or external.
All lines terminate individually

Switch Room
Switch room consists of
BM(Benjamin Moore) and
CM cabinets mounted in
standard switch.
These cabinets are
fastened to a switch Room
and interconnected by
cables

VARIOUS INTERNET SERVICES
LEASED LINES
The information sent through the leased line travels along dedicated secure channels, eliminating
the congestion that occurs in shared networks.
between two points set up by a telecommunications carrier. They can be used for telephone, data,
or Internet services
A leased line (dedicated line) is a permanent Optical Fibre Cable(OFC) or telephone connection.
It is commonly used in ATMs.
WI-FI (WIRELESS FIDELITY)
A Wi-Fi network provides the features and benefits of traditional LAN technologies such as
Ethernet and Token Ring without the limitations of wires or cables.
WIFI is a wireless LAN Technology to deliver wireless broad band speeds up to 54 Mbps to
Laptops, PCs
Wi-Fi enabled phones etc.

GENERAL PACKET RADIO SERVICE (GPRS)
General packet radio service (GPRS) is a packet oriented mobile data service available to
users of the 2G cellular communication systems, global system for mobile communications
(GSM), as well as in the 3G systems. In 2G systems, GPRS provides data rates of 56-114 kbps
GPRS extends the GSM circuit switched data capabilities and makes the following services
possible:
1. “ Always on” Internet access.
2.Multimedia messaging service (MMS).
3.Push to talk over cellular (POC/PTT).
4.Point to Point (P2P) service: inter-networking with the internet (IP).
5.Increase message sending speed 30 messages per minute approximately.

BSNL Broadband Service
Broadband refers to a connection that has capacity to transmit large amount of data at
high speed. Presently a connection having download speeds of 256 kbps or more is
classified as broadband. When connected to the Internet broadband connection allows
surfing or downloading much faster than a dial-up or any other narrowband
connections. BSNL offers 2 Mbps minimum download speed for its Broadband
connections.
Requirement for providing Broad Band connection
1.Personal Computer
2.ADSL Modem
3.Land Line Connection
4.Splitter for separating telephone from Personal computer
5.High speed Internet Access: This is the always-on Internet access service with speed
ranging from 256 kbps to 8 Mbps.

OPTICAL FIBER CABLE(OFC)
Optical Fiber is new medium, in which information (voice, Data or Video) is
transmitted on the principle of Total Internal Reflection through a glass or plastic
fiber, in the form of light.
In the following sequence.
1.Information is encoded into Electrical Signals.
2.Electrical Signals are converted into light Signals.
3.Light Travels down the Fiber.
4.A Detector Changes the Light Signals into Electrical Signals.
5.Electrical Signals are decoded into Information.

• 2G GSM networks operate in the 900 MHz or
1800 MHz bands
• GSM-900 uses 890–915 MHz to send
information from the mobile station to the base
station (uplink)
• 935–960 MHz for the other direction (downlink),
• providing 125 RF channels (channel numbers 0
to 124) spaced at 200 kHz. Duplex spacing of 45
MHz is used.

• MS refers to the physical
phone itself uniquely
identified by the International
Mobile Equipment Identity
(IMEI) number.
• SIM(Subsciber Identification
Module) is small smart card
that is inserted into the phone
and carries information
specific to the subscriber
identified by International
Mobile Subscriber Identity
(IMSI) number.

• It carry out radio communications
between the network and the MS.
• It has handles speech encoding,
encryption, multiplexing (TDMA), and
responsible for modulation and
demodulation.
•Installed between 1 and 16 Transceivers
(TRX)

REFERENCES
1. Data Communication And Networking- Behrouz A. Foruzan
2. Wireless Communication and Networks-William Stallings
3. Computer Networking – Kurose & Ross
4. www.bsnl.co.in
5. www.newbsnl.co.in

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