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Benevolent Assimilation

The document discusses the context of the 'benevolent assimilation' proclamation issued by President McKinley following the Spanish-American War and prior to the Philippine-American War. It emphasizes the U.S. intent to secure the rights and welfare of the Philippine inhabitants while establishing sovereignty, amidst various pressures from American business and military interests. The proclamation aimed to convey that the U.S. presence was not as invaders but as protectors of the Filipino people.

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BENEVOLENT ASSIMILATION -Group 5 (Line 10)
 The proclamation was issued after Spain was defeated in the Spanish- American War but before fighting began in the Philippine-American War. Prior to the proclamation, the United States had defeated Spain during the naval Battle of Manila Bay on May 1, 1898. Subsequently on June 12, 1898, Emilio Aguinaldo declared the Philippines independent and established a revolutionary government whose the Filipino revolutionary armed forces surrounded Manila and the occupying American Army. This created a stand- off between opposing armies that would erupt in fighting in early 1899.
WILLIAM MCKINLEY  January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901  25th President of the United States  Six months into his second term. He led the nation in the Spanish–American War of 1898; the U.S. victory was quick and decisive. As part of the peace settlement, Spain turned over to the United States its main overseas colonies of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
BENEVOLENT ASSIMILATION  In performing this duty [the extension of American sovereignty throughout the Philippines by means of force] the military commander of the United States is enjoined to make known to the inhabitants of the Philippine Islands that in succeeding to the sovereignty of Spain, in severing the former political relations, and in establishing a new political power, the authority of the United States is to be exerted for the securing of the persons and property of the people of the Islands and for the confirmation of all private rights and relations. It will be the duty of the commander of the forces of occupation to announce and proclaim in the most public manner that we come not as invaders or conquerors, but as friends, to protect the natives in their homes
 the earnest and paramount aim of the military administration to win the confidence, respect, and affection of the inhabitants of the Philippines by assuring them in every possible way that full measure of individual rights and liberties which is the heritage of a free people, and by assuring them in every possible way that full measure of individual rights and liberties which is the heritage of a free people, and by proving to them that the mission of the United States is one of the benevolent assimilation, substituting the mild sway of justice and right for arbitrary rule. In the fulfillment of this high mission, supporting the temperate administration of affairs for the greatest good of the governed, there must be sedulously maintained the strong arm of authority, to repress disturbance and to overcome all obstacles to the bestowal of the blessings of good and stable government upon the people of the Philippine Islands under the flag of the United States.
 Before Signing the Treaty of Paris President McKinley said he did not know what to do with the Phillipines..
PRESSURE GROUPS  The American Businessman whose interests included the Philippines not only as a market for American products, but also as a stepping stone to Asia’s market  The military and naval pressure group, who wanted the Philippines as a base for American ships and as a first defence
WHEN?  On Dec. 21, 1898, President McKinley issued the BENEVOLENT ASSIMILATION PROCLAMATION, announced in the Philippines on Jan. 4, 1899, Why?  To extend the American sovereignty throughout the Philippines
END
UNIVERSITY OF MAKATI  Selected Readings in Philippines History G5-L10 Members: Kenneth Erol B. Yu Mark Ryan G. Casuyon Manuel Debbie B. Eusores Mc Marvin L. Daisog Prof. Tessie Tapiador - Sagadraca CENTER FOR BROADCAST AND DIGITAL ARTS