Application lesson

Application lesson

• 1.
  A Semi-detailed LessonPlan in Science and Technology 7 Prepared by: Henry B. Sergio Jr. Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of the properties of substances that distinguish them from mixtures. Performance Standard: The learners should be able to investigate the properties of mixtures of varying concentrations using variable materials in the community for specific purposes. Week: 4, Day: 4 I. Learning Objectives II. Learning Content III. Learning Procedure (Application Lesson) IV. Evaluation IV. Assignment Through a problem analysis about the different separation techniques, the students should be able to: A. differentiate the different separation techniques; B. appreciate the roll of Science in everyday life by solving a given problem related to real-life situation and; C. adapt the lesson in common separation techniques to be in the community for specific purposes. A.Subject Matter: Common Separation Techniques B. Reference: Hadsal, A.S. (2008).Exploring science and technology II. Diwa learning system, Inc. C. Materials:  Pictures of the different separation techniques. D. Concepts: 1. Filtration-this is the separation technique where two miscible liquids (liquids that mix together) are separated. 2. Chromatography - is the separation technique used to separate soluble substances using a media and a solvent. 3. Sifting is a method in which you use the property of size to *Preliminary Assessment Review Quiz: Select the best answer. 1. What does the term 'filtrate' means a. the liquid that passes through the filter paper b. solid particles that decompose upon heating c. the liquid that evaporates from a solution d. solid particles that are left behind after filtration on the filter paper 2. If I know the components of a mixture and the boiling points of the components, which is a possible way to isolate the components in the mixture? a. Make use of evaporation b. Make use of magnetic attraction c. Make use of fractional distillation d. Make use of paper chromatography 3. When do we use evaporation to separate components? a. a solid-solid mixture when one of the components sublimes b. a liquid-solid mixture when solid particles can be seen in the mixture c. a solid-liquid mixture when solid particles are dissolved d. a liquid-liquid mixture when one of the liquids has a lower boiling point Direction: Think carefully about the following statements. Are they true or false? Circle your answer. a. In filtration, the filtrate is always a pure liquid. True/False b. Drinking water can only be obtained from seawater by distillation. True/False c. The fractional distillation of miscible liquids is only possible if the liquids have different boiling points. True/False d. Paper chromatography is a physical method for separating mixtures. True/False e. Mixtures have fixed melting and boiling points. True/False On a short bond paper with 0.5 inches on all sides as margin, make a collage of the different examples of mixtures and substances that we see at the environment. To be passed on Friday, December 11, 2014. Criteria: Cleanliness-5 points Appropriate choice of pictures-10 points Artistry-5 points Total: 20 points
• 2.
  separate mixtures. 4.Evaporation-the liquid portion of the solution is allowed to evaporate, leaving the solute behind. 5. Magnetism can be used to separate mixtures. E. Skills: Investigating the properties of mixtures applying it to real life situations. F. Values A problem is not solved with only one solution. You have to explore other alternatives. 4. Which separation technique do you use to separate a magnetic substance from a non-magnetic substance? a. filtration b. chromatography c. magnetic attraction d. distillation e. evaporation 5. Which apparatus are not needed for the set-up when separation by evaporation is used? a. filter paper b. bunsen burner c. tripod stand d. solution e. wire gauze A. Motivation 1. Let the students watch a lego assembled toy. (The video is about a robot toy assembled using lego bricks)
• 3.
  2. The robotis made up of the lego bricks. In what way does this imply in us? Everything is made up of components that combine together to create a thing. It is these components that make us. As for our topic for today, we will tackle about the different separation techniques to see the components of mixtures. B. Statement of the Problem
• 4.
  You are allchemists/engineers who live in the same town and work for the same company. A river runs through your town and the water comes from three smaller rivers that pass through three big cities. Recently, your town ran out of drinking water and your non-chemist, non-engineer neighbors have been drinking the water from the river. A few days later, many of your neighbors started feeling sick. You suspected the river water and half of you went to City No. 1 and the other half went to City No. 2 to see what is in their river. In City No. 1, you saw that a factory is right next to the river and they have been putting chemicals in the river. In City No. 2, the other half of you saw that the water appears to be clean but have a lot of sand in it. You are now asked to come up with a way to separate the chemicals from the water in City No. 1 and the sand from the water in City No. 2. A separate group of chemists/engineers went to City No. 3 and found that ethanol and salt are in their river water. That means a mixture of water, ethanol (isopropanol), acetone, salt, and sand is in the river that runs through your town. Remember, your town is out of drinking water, so you must clean the river water and separate all the chemicals, salt, and sand from the river water to have drinking water!!!
• 5.
  C. Necessity ofInformation 1. Separation of mixtures by paper chromatography This method is often used in the food industry. It is used to identify chemicals (coloring agents) in foods or inks. For example, if a scientist wants to know how many substances are in a particular blob of ink, paper chromatography can be used. 2. Filtration separation method This is a more common method of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. An example of such a mixture is sand and water. Filtration is used in water treatment plants, where water from the river is filtered to remove solid particles.
• 6.
  3. Evaporation SeparationMethod Evaporation is the process by which water (and other liquids) changes from a liquid state to a vapor or gas state. Evaporation is great for separating a mixture (solution) of a soluble solid and a solvent. The process involves heating the solution until the solvent evaporates (turns into gas) leaving behind the solid residue. 4. Magnetism Magnetism is ideal for separating mixtures of two solids with one part having magnetic properties. Some metals like iron, nickel and cobalt have magnetic properties while gold, silver and aluminum do not. Magnetic elements are attracted to a magnet. 5. Separation through sifting
• 7.
  Sifting is usedto separate a dry mixture which contains substances of different sizes by passing it through a sieve, a device containing tiny holes. 6. Based on our discussion, how can the engineers/chemist separate the different components of the water in the river? The sand can be separation by using filters, i.e. coffee filters, paper towel. The salt will dissolve in the mixture. As the mixture is heated, acetone will vaporize, followed by ethanol or isopropanol. Lastly, water can be boiled off or let stand to vaporize to obtain salt crystals.)
• 8.
  *Final Assessment Selectthe best answer. Letters only. 1. Which is the best way to get salt from salty water? a. evaporation b. filtration c. distillation 2. Pure water can be separated from inky water by simple distillation. This is because: a. water and ink have different boiling points. b. water evaporates leaving the ink particles behind. c. ink evaporates leaving the water behind. 3. What is the correct order for obtaining salt from a mixture of sand and salt? a. dissolving in water - filtration - evaporation b. evaporation - filtration - dissolving in water c. filtration - dissolving in water - evaporation