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Uploaded byDr Tayyab Riaz Ch
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Anorectal Abscess.pptx

Anorectal abscess is an infection of the soft tissues around the anal canal and rectum, often leading to the formation of a fistula. Various aetiologies include cryptoglandular origins, infections from trauma or foreign bodies, and conditions like Crohn's disease. The condition can present in different anatomical spaces, and diagnosis may involve procedures like incision and deroofing.

Health & Medicine◦
Anorectal Abscess
• Anorectal abscess represents infection of the soft tissues surrounding the anal canal and rectum with formation of discrete abscess cavity • Many anorectal abscesses coincide with or lead to the formation of fistula in ano
Aetiology • Cryptoglandular theory • Following haemorrhoidal sclerotherapy - submucosal abscess • Infected haematoma – mucocutaneous or marginal abscess • Foreign body, trauma, deep skin-related infection – ischiorectal abscess • Pelvic disease – pelvirectal supralevator sepsis • Underlying rectal disease, such as neoplasm and particularly Crohn’s disease, may be the cause • Immunosuppressed patients, diabetics, AIDS
1, Levator ani muscle; 2, superfcial perineal fascia; 3, superfcial perianal space; 4, ischiorectal space; 5, supralevator space. A, Intersphincteric; B, ischiorectal; C, superfcial perianal; D, supralevator; E, submucosal.
Cryptoglandular Theory • The cryptoglandular theory of intersphincteric anal gland infection (Parks) holds that pus, which travels along the path of least resistance, may spread caudally to present as a perianal abscess, laterally across the external sphincter to form an ischiorectal abscess or, rarely, superiorly above the anorectal junction to form a supralevator intermuscular or pararectal abscess (depending on its relation to the longitudinal muscle) (Figure 80.27), as well as circumferentially in any of the three planes: intersphincteric/intermuscular, ischiorectal or pararectal supralevator
Presentation
Presentation
Diagnosis
Cruciate incision & Deroofing
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