Albert Einstein was a German-born physicist who developed the theory of relativity and helped lay the foundations for modern physics. In 1905, while working as a clerk in a patent office in Bern, Switzerland, he published his theory of special relativity and derived the mass-energy equivalence formula E=mc2. In 1915, he presented his theory of general relativity, which revolutionized concepts of gravity. His work helped establish cosmology as a field of physics and confirmed some of his predictions through observations of light bending during a solar eclipse in 1919. Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. He later immigrated to the United States in 1932 to escape the rise of Nazism in Germany and