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Agile leadership

The document discusses the need for an update in management and leadership practices within organizations, emphasizing a shift from traditional command-and-control structures to more agile, autonomous, and purpose-driven frameworks. It highlights the importance of employee engagement, team-oriented approaches, and the alignment of intent with autonomy for effective action. Various models and examples of successful organizations illustrate how adaptability and collaboration can enhance performance and culture.

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Management & Leadership of the Agile Organisation What needs changing? March 2017
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“Scientific” Management The Machine model – 3 premises: 1. It is possible to know all you need to in order to plan what to do 2. Planners and doers should be separated 3. There is but one right way 5
The Problem with Power 6 The Powerful The Powerless Ambition Politics Mistrust Fear Greed Resentment Resignation
Our Management ’operating system’ • Management creating plans • ‘Resource’ allocation • Milestones • Steering Groups • Progress reports • Measuring individual performance • Annual budgeting • Organisation silos • Timesheets 7
Our Operating System is in need of an upgrade 8
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The Management Problem 10 Outcomes PlansActions Knowledge Gap Alignment Gap Effects Gap Ref: Stephen Bungay, The Art of Action, 2011
The Usual Reactions 11 Outcomes PlansActions Ref: Stephen Bungay, The Art of Action, Knowledge Gap: More detailed information Alignment Gap: More detailed instructions Effects Gap: More detailed controls
Helmuth Von Moltke , 1869 12 Outcomes PlansActions Knowledge Gap: “Do not command more than is necessary or plan beyond the circumstances you can foresee” Alignment Gap: “Communicate to every unit as much of the higher intent as is necessary to achieve the purpose” Effects Gap: “Everyone retains freedom of decision and action within bounds Ref: Stephen Bungay, The Art of Action,
Directed Opportunism 13 Outcomes PlansActions Knowledge Gap: Limit direction to defining and communicating the INTENT Alignment Gap: Allow each level to define how they will achieve the intent of the next level up and ‘backbrief’ Effects Gap: Give individuals freedom to adjust their actions in line with intent Ref: Stephen Bungay, The Art of Action,
14 Alignment Autonomy Intent: what and why Actions: how Adapted from: Stephen Bungay, The Art of Action Confusion Clarity Inaction Effective Targeted action Misdirected action
Alignment needs to be achieved around intent, and autonomy granted around actions High alignment enables high autonomy 15
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17 BA Mission Statement: “To ensure that BA is the customer’s first choice through the delivery of an unbeatable travel experience.”
18Source: Michael Sahota, Agile Leadership, 2017
The importance of employee engagement • Managers account for at least 70% of the variance in employee engagement scores across business units –Gallup poll • Only 35% of people feel engaged in their work. 43% feel “detached” or “actively disengaged”. 22% feel “unsupported” –Towers Watson, 2012 (32,000 people worldwide) 19
20Source: Management 3.0, Jurgen Appelo,
A word on Structure “Any organisation that designs a system will produce a design whose structure is a copy of the organisation’s communication structure” - Conway’s Law 21
Management is a key factor in organisational agility – either constraining or enabling it 22
23 Culture
McKinsey 7 S framework 24 Strategy Structure Systems Shared Values Skills Staff Style
Sahota model 25
Schneider model of Culture 26
27 Turn the Ship Around! - L. David Marquet • Control • Competence • Clarity
28 Autonomy, Mastery, Purpose Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness Control, Competence, Clarity
LEADERSHIP drives CULTURE drives PERFORMANCE 29Source: Deloitte University Press, Feb 2015
Teams over Individuals • Work is accomplished by groups, not individuals • Individual performance is a myth • High performers distinguished by diverse groups 30Source : Harvard Business School 2004, Betacodex
Empower Teams • Control through bosses • Information flows up, commands flow down • Top-down decision-making • Rules for containment • Control through Transparency, peer pressure • Principles, shared responsibility 31Source : Harvard Business School 2004, Betacodex
Cross-functional Teams • Groups aligned by function • Work requires handoffs between groups • Co-ordination via managers • Cross-functional teams • Co-ordination among peers • Faster delivery 32Source : Betacodex
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Pluralistic - Green Paradigm 35 ACHIEVEMENT PARADIGM SUCCESS OR FAILURE HIERARCHY CORPORATIONS OUTCOMES TOP-DOWN DECISION-MAKING DECISIVE LEADERS PLURALISTIC PARADIGM MORE TO LIFE PLURALISM NON-PROFITS RELATIONSHIPS BOTTOM-UP CONSENSUS SERVANT LEADERSHIP
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Valve • ‘Flat’ Structure. No bosses. • People choose their own projects • Desks with wheels • Temporary roles within team • Peer reviews and stack ranking • “Like high school” 37
38Source: http://www.slideshare.net/reed2001/culture-1798664 Patty McCord, Chief Talent Officer
Evolutionary Purpose • Living entity • Strategy emerges organically • Competition is irrelevant, “competitors” are embraced • Profits come naturally when focussing on purpose • Radically simplified budgeting, no variance tracking • Workable solutions, fast iterations • Sense what’s needed. No targets • Change programs irrelevant 39
Wholeness • Self-decorated spaces, no status markers • Clear values, ground rules • Meditation, silence, reflection, storytelling practices • Shape roles according to own need • Time commitments • Training in conflict resolution, relational skills, culture-building • Interviews by future colleagues • Everyone’s voice is heard in meetings 40
Self-management • No hierarchy. Self-organising teams • Staff functions performed by teams themselves, esp. hiring, salaries • No job titles or job descriptions • Fully decentralised decision making based on advice process • Radical transparency of information sharing • Simplified or no policies for expenses, holidays, working hours • Formal multi-step conflict resolution process • Team performance over individual. Peer-based appraisals 41
Examples of Teal Organisations 42
‘Integral’ model 46 Interior Perspective Exterior Perspective Individual Perspective Collective Perspective People’s beliefs and mindsets People’s behaviour Organisational Culture Organisational Systems (structures, Processes, Practices) Source: Ken Wilbur & Frederic Lalouxi
‘Integral’ model 47 Interior Perspective Exterior Perspective Individual Perspective Collective Perspective People are motivated by money and recognition Individualistic behaviour, cut corners to make the numbers Internal competition, individual achievers Top-down target- setting, individual incentives Source: Ken Wilbur & Frederic Lalouxi
‘Integral’ model 48 Interior Perspective Exterior Perspective Individual Perspective Collective Perspective Explore and challenge personal beliefs Role-modelling from people with moral authority Organisational Culture Put in place supporting structures, processes, practices Source: Ken Wilbur & Frederic Lalouxi
A few pioneering organisations are showing us the way to Organisations inspired by the next stage of human consciousness 49