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The Strategic Importance Of
Workplace Safety And Health
                    Fatemeh Hashemi
Benefits Of A Safe
     And Healthy Workplace
    Organizations can become more effective if they have
    safer and healthy workplaces. Because:

•  They can have fewer day losts. Therefore they have
  higher productivity
• They can increase efficiency and quality. Because
  they have healthier workforce.
•   They can reduce medical and insurance costs.
•   They can improve a good prestige. Everybody
  wants to work with them.
Results Of An Unsafe And
           Unhealthy Workplace
         There are lots of results of an unsafe and unhealthy workplace .The
    important results are
•       Injury and Disease: For example every year a lot of employees have
    back pain that reduce their job performance. And billions of     Turkish
    Lira is spent each year to treat back pain.
•       Mental Health: Mental health is just as important as physical health.
    Depressive disorders represent one of the most common health problems of
    adult workforce.
•      Death and Violence: Sometimes, workplace injuries result in
    death.The most common workplace deaths are transportation accidents and
    contact with objects and equipment.
•      Economic Costs: Although deaths have reduced, the economic cost to
    businesses of workplace deaths and injuries remains high.
Promoting Safety And Health
Within An Integrated HRM System
  There are lots of things that can be used for workplace safety
  and health.
• Job Analysis and Competency Model
  Job analysis and competency modeling have shown that some
  personality characteri analyses predict workplace accidents
  and psychological symptoms.
• Training: training is the most important activity that can be
  used to improve workplace safety and health. If you teach
  employees how to behave when an accident happens, they can
  be calm. The training of managers may include detailed
  explanations of the relevant laws and regulations that govern
  workplace safety and health.
The Organizational Environment
• Internal environment factors: are important for workplace safety and
   health, include the organization’s culture and its leadership.
• Leadership: Effective leaders do more than just talk about the importance
   of workplace safety.
• External forces that are important to workplace safety and health include
   technologies, industry conditions, and the laws and regulations that govern
   this aspect of work.
• Technology: The introduction of new technologies improves workplace
   safety and health.
• Industry: Employees in some industries are more likely to be injured at
   work than others. In Turkey’s shipbuilding accident rate is extremely high.
   In fact, it is nearly 20 times higher than the developed countries
• Laws and regulations: Every country has laws and regulations about
   workplace safety and health. I think in developed countries these laws are
   strict .On the other hand in developing countries they are passive.
Global Considerations
  With globalization, there has been an increasing awareness of
  differences in national standards for workplace safety and
  health.
• Country differences: There are differences in national
  standards about workplace safety and health.
• Global organizations: Two global organizations that
  strive to improve workplace safety and health in the world
  are the International Labour Organization and The World
  Health Organization.They strive to improve workplace
  safety and health around the world by educating employers
  and employees, developing knowledge about how to improve
  the health of workers, and establishing a shared view of the
  rights and responsibilities of employees and employers.
Safety And Health Hazards
              In The Workplace

1-Organizational qualities
1. The working conditions and time
2. The tools and technology available to do the job
3. The availability of guns brought to work
The size of the organization has also been shown to be related to incidence rates.
Small organizations(those with fewer than 50 employees) and large organizations (those
with more than 250 employees) have lower incidence rates than medium-sized
organizations. Because supervisors in small organizations are better able to detect safety
hazards and prevent accidents than medium size ones, while larger organizations have
more resources to hire staff specialists who can devote their efforts to safety and accident
prevention.
Safety And Health Hazards
           In The Workplace
2-Individual qualities
Accidents result from the behaviors of people, the hazards in the work
environment and pure chance. Certain psychological and physical
characteristics seem to make some people susceptible to accidents. Employees
who have fewer accidents are more optimistic, trusting, and concerned for
others than those have more accidents.
Employees under great stress are likely to have more accidents than those
under low stress.
Older workers are less likely to have accidents. However, when older people do
have accidents, they are more likely to suffer facilities and they recover more
slowly.
Safety And Health Hazards
    In The Workplace

   3-Violent employees
    Workplace homicides are primarily robbery related, and they often
   occur in grocery or convenience stores, drinking establishment, and
   gasoline service stations.
    Although it may be difficult to identify the violent employee before the
   fact, employers are urged to be on the lookout for some common signs,
   such as;
   Verbal threats; individuals often talk about what they may do
   Physical actions; troubled employees may try to intimidate others, flash
   a concealed weapon in the workplace to test reactions.
   Obsession: An employee may hold a grudge against a coworker or
   supervisor.
Workplace Stressors

1-Organizational change : Often when changes are made, there is too little
communication about the necessity for change
 and the nature of changes to come. People become concerned about whether the
change will affect them.
2-Physical environment:Office technologies can improve productivity, they
may also be reasons of stress, crowd,noise, lack of privacy, and lack of control.
3-Stress-prone employees: People differ from in how they respond to
organizational stressors. A classic difference is referred to as type a people versus
type b behaviors.
4-The manager: Employees working for a bad boss experienced more
exhausting, job tension, nervousness, depressed moods, and mistrust.
Strategies For Improving
    Workplace Safety And Health
Accident Prevention: Designing the work environment to make accidents
   unlikely is perhaps the best way to prevent accidents and increase safety.
Ergonomics: Ergonomics considers changes in the job environment in
   conjunction with the physical and physiological capabilities and limitations of
   the employees.
       Vary their tasks during the day
       Take small breaks every 30 minutes
       Take longer breaks every two hours
       Minimize the number of keystrokes whenever possible
       Have opportunities to learn about their job performance
       Reduce sources of environmental stress, such as heat, glare,or noise
Health and Safety Committees: Such committees can be effective in
   reducing the frequency and severity of workplace injuries.