Film

Film

• 1.
  Film A film, otherwiseknown to as a movie or motion picture, is a series of still images on a strip of plastic which, when run through a projector and shown on a screen, creates the illusion of moving images.Of course, now you can make a fully-fledged 2 hour film completely animated so this would be a sub-genre of film. Although the words "film" and "movie" are sometimes used interchangeably, film is more often used when considering artistic, theoretical, or technical aspects, as studies in a university class and movies more often refers to entertainment or commercial aspects, as where to go for fun on a date. For example, a book titled "How to Read a Film" would be about the aesthetics or theory of film, while “Let’s Go to the Movies” would be about the history of entertaining movies… get it?Films usually include an optical soundtrack (e.g. sound effects, dialogue, a score etc.), which is a graphic recording of the spoken words, music and other sounds that are to accompany the images. The individual images that make up a film are known to as frames. A film has to be moving at a speed of at least 25 frames per second. Plays and dances preceded film and used the same core elements as film (script, sets, costume etc.). Much terminology later used in film theory and criticism apply, such as Mise-en-Scene and plot devices such as a Red Herring. Owing to the lack of any technology for doing so, the moving images and sounds could not be recorded for replaying as with film. Widely regarded as the earliest use of film in 1888 Roundhay Garden Scene was shot in Roundhay, Leeds, England, and is now known as the earliest surviving piece of film footage. There are different names for different ways of producing a film. A "short film” is a film that is not as long as a feature length film (an hour or longer), which is usually screened with other shorts, or preceding a feature length film. And an "independent film” is a film made outside of the conventional film industry, this is the path most will have to go by to make it into the comfort of producing features (therefore will require a fair amount of recognition for that “indie” film). Sequels and prequels are the continuation or the looking back on of the story and events of an already existent film respectively. Just as an example of a sequel would be Back to the Future 2, in which Doc must now take the previous films main characters Marty and Jennifer to the future to save their children as opposed to the past in the first film. An example of a prequel would be Hannibal Rising to Red Dragon, in which we get to see what happened to Hannibal as a child that made him into the inhuman person he was in Red Dragon. Crew A film crew is a group of people hired by a film company, employed during the production or photography phase, for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. The Creware distinguishable from cast, the actors who appear in front of the camera or provide voices for characters in the film. The crew interacts with but is also distinct from the production staff, consisting of producers, managers, company representatives, their assistants, and those whose primary responsibility falls in pre-production or post-production phases, such as writers and editors. Communication between production and crew generally passes through the director and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well-defined hierarchies and standards for interaction and cooperation between the departments. Other than acting, the crew handles everything in the photography phase: props and costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (e.g. lights), sets, and production special effects. Caterers (known in the film industry as "craft services") are usually not considered part of the crew.
• 2.
  Production The means toproduce a film depend on the content the filmmaker wishes to show, and the apparatus for displaying it, presuming someone will use methods which use things other than a camera. Most films can be sorted into 5 major groups when it comes to production, which consist of; Development– The story is selected, which could come from an existing work or be an original idea. After identifying the main theme of the story, the works with writers to prepare a synopsis. Pre-production- Pre-production formally begins once a project has been greenlit (permission to be made). At this stage, finalizing preparations for production go into effect. Financing will be confirmed and many of the key elements such as cast members a director and a cinematographer are set. Production–When it comes to the production of the film, this consists of the video being created and shot. Additional crew will be added to cope with the new jobs presented by the production stage. Post-production–This is the last stage is the creation of the final film. The film is assembled and structured by the film editor. The final touch ups with are done with editing and any shots that might need to be re-shot will be done now. Distribution–The distribution is the means in which the film is shown to people and dispersed to the public. This could include showing it at film festivals or even in theatres. This will probably include a premier of the film (the first screening of the complete film to the public). You could also have it released on DVD or Blu-ray (or HD DVD eeew). Animation An animated film can be made with either hand rendered art, computer generated imagery, or three-dimensional objects (e.g. puppets or clay figures). Traditional animation (also called cel animation) was the process used for most animated films of the 20th century. The individual frames of a traditionally animated film are photographs of drawings, which are first drawn on paper. To create the illusion of movement, each drawing differs slightly from the one before it. The animators' drawings are traced or photocopied onto transparent sheets called cels, which are filled in with paints in assigned colors or tones on the side opposite the line drawings. The completed character cels are photographed one-by-one onto motion picture film against a painted background by a rostrum camera. Below are examples of some types of animation: Full animation - refers to the process of producing high-quality traditionally animated films, which regularly use detailed drawings and plausible movement. Limited animation - involves the use of less detailed and/or more stylized drawings and methods of movement. Rotoscoping - is a technique, patented by Max Fleischer in 1917, where animators trace live-action movement, frame by frame.
• 3.
  Live-action/animation - isa technique, when combining hand-drawn characters into live action shots. Stop motion Stop motion animation is the name given to an animation that is created by physically manipulating real-world objects and photographing them frame by frame at a time to create the illusion of movement. Stop motion consists of the following methods: Puppet animation – typically involves stop-motion puppet figures interacting with each other in a constructed environment, in contrast to the real-world interaction in model animation. Clay animation - uses figures made of clay or a similar malleable material to create stop-motion animation.