// exceptions/BetterNullPointerReports.java

// (c)2021 MindView LLC: see Copyright.txt

// We make no guarantees that this code is fit for any purpose.

// Visit http://OnJava8.com for more book information.

// {NewFeature} Since JDK 15

class A {

String s;

A(String s) {

this.s = s;

}

}

class B {

A a;

B(A a) {

this.a = a;

}

}

class C {

B b;

C(B b) {

this.b = b;

}

}

public class BetterNullPointerReports {

public static void main(String[] args) {

C[] ca = {

new C(new B(new A(null))),

new C(new B(null)),

new C(null),

};

for(C c: ca) {

try {

System.out.println(c.b.a.s);

} catch(NullPointerException npe) {

System.out.println(npe);

}

}

}

}