REC-CSS2-19980512
Cascading Style Sheets, level 2
CSS2 Specification
W3C Recommendation 12-May-1998
- This version:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512
- Latest version:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS2
- Previous version:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/PR-CSS2-19980324
- Editors:
- Bert Bos
<bbos@w3.org>
Håkon Wium Lie
<howcome@w3.org>
Chris Lilley
<chris@w3.org>
Ian Jacobs
<ij@w3.org>
Abstract
This specification defines Cascading Style Sheets, level 2
(CSS2). CSS2 is a style sheet language that allows authors and users
to attach style (e.g., fonts, spacing, and aural cues) to structured
documents (e.g., HTML documents and XML applications). By separating
the presentation style of documents from the content of documents,
CSS2 simplifies Web authoring and site maintenance.
CSS2 builds on CSS1 (see [CSS1]) and, with very few exceptions,
all valid CSS1 style sheets are valid CSS2 style sheets. CSS2 supports
media-specific style sheets so that authors may tailor the
presentation of their documents to visual browsers, aural devices,
printers, braille devices, handheld devices, etc. This specification
also supports content positioning, downloadable fonts, table layout,
features for internationalization, automatic counters and numbering,
and some properties related to user interface.
Status of this document
This document has been reviewed by W3C Members and other interested
parties and has been endorsed by the Director as a W3C
Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference
material or cited as a normative reference from another
document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention
to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This
enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.
A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents
can be found at http://www.w3.org/TR.
Public discussion of CSS features takes place on www-style@w3.org.
Available formats
The CSS2 specification is available in the following formats:
- HTML:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512
- a plain text file:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/css2.txt,
- HTML as a gzip'ed tar file:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/css2.tgz,
- HTML as a zip file (this is a '.zip' file not an '.exe'):
- http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/css2.zip,
- as well as a gzip'ed PostScript file:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/css2.ps.gz,
- and a PDF file:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/css2.pdf.
In case of a discrepancy between the various forms of the
specification, http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512 is
considered the definitive version.
Available languages
The English version of this specification is the only normative
version. However, for translations in other languages see http://www.w3.org/Style/css2-updates/translations.html.
Errata
The list of known errors in this specification is
available at http://www.w3.org/Style/css2-updates/REC-CSS2-19980512-errata.html.
Please report errors in this document to css2-editors@w3.org.
1.3.3 Shorthand properties
1.3.4 Notes and examples
1.3.5 Images and long descriptions
1.4 Acknowledgments
1.5 Copyright Notice
2 Introduction to CSS2
2.4 CSS design principles
3 Conformance: Requirements and Recommendations
4 CSS2 syntax and basic data types
4.2 Rules for handling parsing errors
4.3 Values
4.4 CSS document representation
5 Selectors
5.9 ID selectors
5.10 Pseudo-elements and pseudo-classes
5.11 Pseudo-classes
5.12 Pseudo-elements
6 Assigning property values, Cascading, and Inheritance
6.2 Inheritance
6.3 The @import rule
6.4 The cascade
7 Media types
8 Box model
- 8.1 Box dimensions
- 8.2 Example of margins, padding, and borders
- 8.3 Margin properties: 'margin-top', 'margin-right', 'margin-bottom', 'margin-left', and 'margin'
- 8.4 Padding properties: 'padding-top', 'padding-right', 'padding-bottom', 'padding-left', and 'padding'
- 8.5 Border properties
- 8.5.1 Border width: 'border-top-width', 'border-right-width', 'border-bottom-width', 'border-left-width', and 'border-width'
- 8.5.2 Border color: 'border-top-color', 'border-right-color', 'border-bottom-color', 'border-left-color', and 'border-color'
- 8.5.3 Border style: 'border-top-style', 'border-right-style', 'border-bottom-style', 'border-left-style', and 'border-style'
- 8.5.4 Border shorthand properties: 'border-top', 'border-bottom', 'border-right', 'border-left', and 'border'
9 Visual formatting model
9.2 Controlling box generation
9.3 Positioning schemes
9.4 Normal flow
9.5 Floats
9.6 Absolute positioning
9.7 Relationships between 'display', 'position', and 'float'
9.8 Comparison of normal flow, floats, and absolute positioning
9.9 Layered presentation
9.10 Text direction: the 'direction' and 'unicode-bidi' properties
10 Visual formatting model details
10.4 Minimum and maximum widths: 'min-width' and 'max-width'
10.5 Content height: the 'height' property
10.6 Computing heights and margins
- 10.6.1 Inline, non-replaced elements
- 10.6.2 Inline, replaced elements block-level, replaced elements in normal flow, and floating, replaced elements
- 10.6.3 Block-level, non-replaced elements in normal flow, and floating, non-replaced elements
- 10.6.4 Absolutely positioned, non-replaced elements
- 10.6.5 Absolutely positioned, replaced elements
10.7 Minimum and maximum heights: 'min-height' and 'max-height'
10.8 Line height calculations: the 'line-height' and 'vertical-align' properties
11 Visual effects
11.2 Visibility: the 'visibility' property
12 Generated content, automatic numbering, and lists
12.5 Automatic counters and numbering
12.6 Markers and lists
13 Paged media
13.3 Page breaks
13.4 Cascading in the page context
14 Colors and Backgrounds
15 Fonts
15.3 Font selection
- 15.3.1 Font Descriptions and @font-face
- 15.3.2 Descriptors for Selecting a Font: 'font-family', 'font-style', 'font-variant', 'font-weight', 'font-stretch' and 'font-size'
- 15.3.3 Descriptors for Font Data Qualification: 'unicode-range'
- 15.3.4 Descriptor for Numeric Values: 'units-per-em'
- 15.3.5 Descriptor for Referencing: 'src'
- 15.3.6 Descriptors for Matching: 'panose-1', 'stemv', 'stemh', 'slope', 'cap-height', 'x-height', 'ascent', and 'descent'
- 15.3.7 Descriptors for Synthesis: 'widths', 'bbox' and 'definition-src'
- 15.3.8 Descriptors for Alignment: 'baseline', 'centerline', 'mathline', and 'topline'
- 15.3.9 Examples
15.4 Font Characteristics
15.5 Font matching algorithm
16 Text
16.4 Letter and word spacing: the 'letter-spacing' and 'word-spacing' properties
16.5 Capitalization: the 'text-transform' property
16.6 Whitespace: the 'white-space' property
17 Tables
17.6 Borders
17.7 Audio rendering of tables
18 User interface
19 Aural style sheets
Appendix A. A sample style sheet for HTML 4.0
Appendix B. Changes from CSS1
Appendix C. Implementation and performance notes for fonts
Appendix D. The grammar of CSS2
Appendix E. References
Appendix F. Property index
Appendix G. Descriptor index
Appendix H. Index