diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 187e526..b6c2344 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -2,3 +2,7 @@
 .*classpath
 build
 *.pyc
+*.swp
+*.log
+.DS_Store
+.vscode
diff --git a/README b/README
deleted file mode 100644
index 3c06a5f..0000000
--- a/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-# This is the readme file for python.git in Jay's git repo hosted by github.com
-https://github.com/smilejay/python.git
-git://github.com/smilejay/python.git
-
-# Just for fun.
-# thanks,
-#	Jay.
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d47c7a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#### This is the README file of python.git in Jay's git repos hosted on github.com
+* https://github.com/smilejay/python.git
+* git://github.com/smilejay/python.git
+
+#### My homepage on github.com: https://github.com/smilejay
+```shell
+Just for fun.
+       thanks,
+          Jay.
+```
+
+#### Also, you can contact me via my blog: http://smilejay.com/
diff --git a/leetcode/easy/intersection.py b/leetcode/easy/intersection.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd74953
--- /dev/null
+++ b/leetcode/easy/intersection.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
+'''
+给定两个数组，编写一个函数来计算它们的交集。
+
+示例 1：
+输入：nums1 = [1,2,2,1], nums2 = [2,2]
+输出：[2]
+
+示例 2：
+输入：nums1 = [4,9,5], nums2 = [9,4,9,8,4]
+输出：[9,4]
+
+
+说明：
+    * 输出结果中的每个元素一定是唯一的。
+    * 我们可以不考虑输出结果的顺序。
+
+来源：力扣（LeetCode）
+链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/intersection-of-two-arrays
+'''
+
+class Solution(object):
+    def intersection(self, nums1, nums2):
+        """
+        :type nums1: List[int]
+        :type nums2: List[int]
+        :rtype: List[int]
+        """
+        """
+        元组set 是基于Hash来实现的，故：
+        1. set 中的元素必须唯一（不可重复）
+        2. set 中的元素必须是Hashable的
+        3. 向集合中添加元素、删除元素、检查元素是否存在，都是非常快速的。平均时间复杂度为O(1),最坏的时间复杂度是O(n)
+        
+        本算法 时间复杂度 O(n+m)  空间复杂度 O(n+m)
+        """
+        ret = []
+        s1 = set(nums1)
+        s2 = set(nums2)
+        # 考虑到检查集合中元素O(1)的复杂度，所以只遍历较小的集合是时间复杂度更低的
+        if len(s1) > len(s2):
+            ret = [i for i in s2 if i in s1]
+        else:
+            ret = [i for i in s1 if i in s2]
+        return ret
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    nums1 = [4,9,5]
+    nums2 = [9,4,9,8,4]
+    s = Solution()
+    print(s.intersection(nums1, nums2))
diff --git a/leetcode/easy/remove_duplicates.py b/leetcode/easy/remove_duplicates.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47143bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/leetcode/easy/remove_duplicates.py
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
+'''
+给出由小写字母组成的字符串 S，重复项删除操作会选择两个相邻且相同的字母，并删除它们。
+在 S 上反复执行重复项删除操作，直到无法继续删除。
+在完成所有重复项删除操作后返回最终的字符串。答案保证唯一。
+
+示例：
+
+输入："abbaca"
+输出："ca"
+解释：
+例如，在 "abbaca" 中，我们可以删除 "bb" 由于两字母相邻且相同，这是此时唯一可以执行删除操作的重复项。之后我们得到字符串 "aaca"，其中又只有 "aa" 可以执行重复项删除操作，所以最后的字符串为 "ca"。
+
+提示：
+    * 1 <= S.length <= 20000
+    * S 仅由小写英文字母组成。
+
+来源：力扣（LeetCode）
+链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/remove-all-adjacent-duplicates-in-string
+'''
+
+class Solution(object):
+    def removeDuplicates(self, S):
+        """
+        :type S: str
+        :rtype: str
+        这是通过递归的方法来做，时间复杂度很高  O(n^2)
+        """
+        length = len(S)
+        for i in range(length-1):
+            if S[i] == S[i+1]:
+                S1 = S.replace('%s%s' % (S[i], S[i+1]), '')
+                # print(S1)
+                return self.removeDuplicates(S1)
+        return S
+
+
+    def removeDuplicates_1(self, S):
+        """
+        :type S: str
+        :rtype: str
+        使用 栈，代码非常简洁，时间复杂度 O(n) ，空间复杂度O(n)
+        消除一对相邻重复项可能会导致新的相邻重复项出现，如从字符串 abba中删除 bb 会导致出现新的相邻重复项 aa 出现。
+        因此我们需要保存当前还未被删除的字符。一种显而易见的数据结构呼之欲出：栈。
+        我们只需要遍历该字符串，如果当前字符和栈顶字符相同，我们就贪心地将其消去，否则就将其入栈即可。
+        """
+        stack = ['']
+        for i in S:
+            if i == stack[-1]:
+                stack.pop(-1)
+            else:
+                stack.append(i)
+        return ''.join(stack)
+
+
+    def removeDuplicates_2(self, S):
+        """
+        :type S: str
+        :rtype: str
+        使用 双指针 ， 时间复杂度 O(n)，空间复杂度 O(n)
+        挨着两个相同的同时消失，可以使用两个指针。
+            * 一个right一直往右移动，然后把指向的值递给left指向的值即可。
+            * 一个left每次都会比较挨着的两个是否相同，如果相同，他两同时消失
+        """
+        left = 0
+        right = 0
+        length = len(S)
+        l1 = list(S)
+        while (right < length):
+            l1[left] = l1[right]
+            if (left > 0) and l1[left - 1] == l1[left]:
+                left -= 2
+            left += 1
+            right += 1
+        return ''.join(l1[:left])
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    s = Solution()
+    str1 = "aababaab"
+    print(s.removeDuplicates(str1))
+    print(s.removeDuplicates_1(str1))
+    print(s.removeDuplicates_2(str1))
+    str1 = "abbaca"
+    print(s.removeDuplicates(str1))
+    print(s.removeDuplicates_1(str1))
+    print(s.removeDuplicates_2(str1))
diff --git a/leetcode/easy/reverse_list.py b/leetcode/easy/reverse_list.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2aed9b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/leetcode/easy/reverse_list.py
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+# *_* coding=utf-8 *_*
+
+'''
+反转链表：
+https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/reverse-linked-list/
+
+实现了一个链表；并且用 迭代/递归 两种方法进行反转。
+
+1. 迭代：时间复杂度 O(N)  空间复杂度 O(1)
+2. 递归：时间复杂度 O(N)  空间复杂度 O(N)
+
+'''
+
+
+# Definition for singly-linked list.
+class ListNode(object):
+    def __init__(self, val=0, next=None):
+        self.val = val
+        self.next = next
+
+
+class LinkedList(object):
+    # 通过一个list 初始化一个链表
+    def __init__(self, l=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]):
+        self.head = ListNode(l[0])
+        cur = self.head
+        for i in l[1:]:
+            cur.next = ListNode(i)
+            cur = cur.next
+    
+    def print_linked_list(self):
+        # 为了保持链表 head 不被破坏
+        temp_head = self.head
+        while temp_head:
+            print(temp_head.val)
+            temp_head = temp_head.next
+
+
+class Solution(object):
+    # 遍历方式反转链表
+    def reverse_list(self, head):
+        """
+        :type head: ListNode
+        :rtype: ListNode
+        """
+        cur, pre = head, None
+        while cur:
+            # pre, pre.next, cur = cur, pre, cur.next
+            temp = cur.next
+            cur.next = pre
+            pre = cur
+            cur = temp
+        return pre
+
+    # 递归方式反转链表
+    def reverse_list_recursion(self, head):
+        """
+        :type head: ListNode
+        :rtype: ListNode
+        """
+        if (not head) or (not head.next):
+            return head
+        node = self.reverse_list_recursion(head.next)
+        head.next.next = head
+        head.next = None
+        return node
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    ll = LinkedList(l=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    print('------------------------------')
+    print('before reverse')
+    ll.print_linked_list()
+    h = ll.head
+    s = Solution()
+    ll.head = s.reverse_list(h)
+    print('------------------------------')
+    print('after reverse: reverse_list()')
+    ll.print_linked_list()
+    print('------------------------------')
+    ll.head = s.reverse_list_recursion(ll.head)
+    print('after reverse: reverse_list_recursion()')
+    ll.print_linked_list()
+
diff --git a/leetcode/easy/two_num_sum.py b/leetcode/easy/two_num_sum.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5978a4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/leetcode/easy/two_num_sum.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# *_* coding=utf-8 *_*
+
+'''
+给定一个整数数组 nums 和一个整数目标值 target，请你在该数组中找出 和为目标值 的那 两个 整数，并返回它们的数组下标。
+你可以假设每种输入只会对应一个答案。但是，数组中同一个元素在答案里不能重复出现。
+你可以按任意顺序返回答案。
+
+链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/two-sum
+
+1. 暴力破解：时间复杂度 O(N^2)  空间复杂度 O(1)
+2. 哈希表：时间复杂度 O(N)  空间复杂度 O(N)
+
+'''
+
+class Solution(object):
+    def twoSum(self, nums, target):
+        """
+        :type nums: List[int]
+        :type target: int
+        :rtype: List[int]
+        """
+        n = len(nums)
+        for i in range(n):
+            for j in range(i + 1, n):
+                if nums[i] + nums[j] == target:
+                    return [i, j]
+        return ['not-found', 'not-found']
+    
+    def twoSum_1(self, nums, target):
+        hashtable = dict()
+        for i, num in enumerate(nums):
+            if target - num in hashtable:
+                return [hashtable[target - num], i]
+            hashtable[nums[i]] = i
+        return ['not-found', 'not-found']
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    num_list = [1, 7, 9, 4, 53, 42]
+    sum = 62
+    s = Solution()
+    print(s.twoSum(num_list, sum))
+    print(s.twoSum_1(num_list, sum))
+    num_list = [3, 2, 4]
+    sum = 6
+    print(s.twoSum(num_list, sum))
+    print(s.twoSum_1(num_list, sum))
+    num_list = [3, 3]
+    sum = 6
+    print(s.twoSum(num_list, sum))
+    print(s.twoSum_1(num_list, sum))
diff --git a/leetcode/easy/word_pattern.py b/leetcode/easy/word_pattern.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9eee48e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/leetcode/easy/word_pattern.py
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+# *_* coding=utf-8 *_*
+
+'''
+给定一种规律 pattern 和一个字符串 str ，判断 str 是否遵循相同的规律。
+这里的 遵循 指完全匹配，例如， pattern 里的每个字母和字符串 str 中的每个非空单词之间存在着双向连接的对应规律。
+
+说明: 你可以假设 pattern 只包含小写字母， str 包含了由单个空格分隔的小写字母。    
+
+示例1:
+输入: pattern = "abba", str = "dog cat cat dog"
+输出: true
+
+示例 2:
+输入:pattern = "abba", str = "dog cat cat fish"
+输出: false
+
+链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/word-pattern
+
+以第2中为例：时间复杂度O(n+m)，空间复杂度O(n+m)
+'''
+
+class Solution(object):
+    def wordPattern(self, pattern, s):
+        """
+        :type pattern: str
+        :type s: str
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        s_list = s.strip().split()
+        my_map = dict()
+        if len(pattern) != len(s_list):
+            return False
+        for i, j in zip(pattern, s_list):
+            if i in my_map:
+                if my_map[i] != j:
+                    return False
+            else:
+                if j in my_map.values():
+                    return False
+                else:
+                    my_map[i] = j
+        return True
+    
+    def wordPattern_1(self, pattern, s):
+        """
+        :type pattern: str
+        :type s: str
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        s_list = s.strip().split()
+        ch_map = dict()
+        word_map = dict()
+        if len(pattern) != len(s_list):
+            return False
+        for i, j in zip(pattern, s_list):
+            if (i in ch_map and ch_map[i] != j) or (j in word_map and word_map[j] != i):
+                return False
+            else:
+                ch_map[i] = j
+                word_map[j] = i
+        return True
+
+    def wordPattern_2(self, pattern, s):
+        """
+        :type pattern: str
+        :type s: str
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        res=s.split()
+        return list(map(pattern.index, pattern))==list(map(res.index,res))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    s = Solution()
+    p1 = 'abba'
+    s1 = 'dog cat cat dog'
+    print(s.wordPattern(p1, s1))
+    print(s.wordPattern_1(p1, s1))
+    print(s.wordPattern_2(p1, s1))
+    p2 = 'abba'
+    s2 = 'dog cat cat fish'
+    print(s.wordPattern(p2, s2))
+    print(s.wordPattern_1(p2, s2))
+    print(s.wordPattern_2(p2, s2))
+    p3 = 'abba'
+    s3 = 'dog dog dog dog'
+    print(s.wordPattern(p3, s3))
+    print(s.wordPattern_1(p3, s3))
+    print(s.wordPattern_2(p3, s3))
diff --git a/leetcode/medium/buy_sell_stock_once_max_profit.py b/leetcode/medium/buy_sell_stock_once_max_profit.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31ff737
--- /dev/null
+++ b/leetcode/medium/buy_sell_stock_once_max_profit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
+'''
+给定一个数组 prices ，它的第 i 个元素 prices[i] 表示一支给定股票第 i 天的价格。
+你只能选择 某一天 买入这只股票，并选择在 未来的某一个不同的日子 卖出该股票。设计一个算法来计算你所能获取的最大利润。
+返回你可以从这笔交易中获取的最大利润。如果你不能获取任何利润，返回 0 。
+
+思路：
+如果我是在历史最低点买的股票就好了！太好了，在题目中，我们只要用一个变量记录一个历史最低价格 minprice，
+我们就可以假设自己的股票是在那天买的。那么我们在第 i 天卖出股票能得到的利润就是 prices[i] - minprice。
+因此，我们只需要遍历价格数组一遍，记录历史最低点，然后在每一天考虑这么一个问题：
+如果我是在历史最低点买进的，那么我今天卖出能赚多少钱？当考虑完所有天数之时，我们就得到了最好的答案。
+
+
+来源：力扣（LeetCode）
+链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/best-time-to-buy-and-sell-stock
+'''
+
+
+class Solution:
+    def maxProfit(self, prices):
+        min_price = float('inf')
+        max_profit = 0
+        for price in prices:
+            min_price = min(min_price, price)
+            max_profit = max(max_profit, price - min_price)
+        return max_profit
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    l1 = [7,1,5,3,6,4]
+    l2 = [7,6,4,3,1]
+    s = Solution()
+    print(s.maxProfit(l1))
+    print(s.maxProfit(l2))
diff --git a/leetcode/medium/length_of_longest_substring.py b/leetcode/medium/length_of_longest_substring.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17b7e73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/leetcode/medium/length_of_longest_substring.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
+'''
+给定一个字符串 s ，请你找出其中不含有重复字符的 最长子串 的长度。
+
+示例 1:
+输入: s = "abcabcbb"
+输出: 3 
+解释: 因为无重复字符的最长子串是 "abc"，所以其长度为 3。
+
+示例 2:
+输入: s = "bbbbb"
+输出: 1
+解释: 因为无重复字符的最长子串是 "b"，所以其长度为 1。
+
+s 由英文字母、数字、符号和空格组成
+
+
+思路：
+我们使用两个指针表示字符串中的某个子串（或窗口）的左右边界，其中左指针代表着上文中「枚举子串的起始位置」，而右指针即为上文中的 rk ；
+在每一步的操作中，我们会将左指针向右移动一格，表示 我们开始枚举下一个字符作为起始位置，然后我们可以不断地向右移动右指针，但需要保证这两个指针对应的子串中没有重复的字符。在移动结束后，这个子串就对应着 以左指针开始的，不包含重复字符的最长子串。我们记录下这个子串的长度；
+在枚举结束后，我们找到的最长的子串的长度即为答案。
+
+判断 是否有重复的字符，常用的数据结构为哈希集合 python中用set()
+在左指针向右移动的时候，我们从哈希集合中移除一个字符，在右指针向右移动的时候，我们往哈希集合中添加一个字符。
+
+
+作者：LeetCode-Solution
+链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/longest-substring-without-repeating-characters/solution/wu-zhong-fu-zi-fu-de-zui-chang-zi-chuan-by-leetc-2/
+来源：力扣（LeetCode）
+著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。
+
+来源：力扣（LeetCode）
+链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/longest-substring-without-repeating-characters/solution/wu-zhong-fu-zi-fu-de-zui-chang-zi-chuan-by-leetc-2/
+'''
+
+
+class Solution:
+    def lengthOfLongestSubstring(self, s):
+        # 哈希集合，记录每个字符是否出现过
+        occ = set()
+        n = len(s)
+        # 右指针，初始值为 -1，相当于我们在字符串的左边界的左侧，还没有开始移动
+        rk, ans = -1, 0
+        for i in range(n):
+            if i != 0:
+                # 左指针向右移动一格，移除一个字符
+                occ.remove(s[i - 1])
+            while rk + 1 < n and s[rk + 1] not in occ:
+                # 不断地移动右指针
+                occ.add(s[rk + 1])
+                rk += 1
+            # 第 i 到 rk 个字符是一个极长的无重复字符子串
+            ans = max(ans, rk - i + 1)
+        return ans
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    s1 = 'abcabcbb'
+    s2 = 'bbbbbb'
+    s = Solution()
+    print(s.lengthOfLongestSubstring(s1))
+    print(s.lengthOfLongestSubstring(s2))
diff --git a/py-libvirt/destroy_domains.py b/py-libvirt/destroy_domains.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d22d65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py-libvirt/destroy_domains.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+import time
+import libvirt
+
+
+def destroy_domains():
+    '''
+    destroy all domains() via libvirt python API.
+    '''
+    conn = libvirt.open(None)
+    if conn:
+        for i in conn.listDomainsID():
+            dom = conn.lookupByID(i)
+            dom.destroy()
+            time.sleep(1)
+        if conn.listDomainsID():
+            print 'ERROR! there are live domains.'
+    else:
+        print 'Failed to open connection to the hypervisor'
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    destroy_domains()
diff --git a/py2011/VisitBlog.py b/py2011/VisitBlog.py
index faff91f..2df20e9 100644
--- a/py2011/VisitBlog.py
+++ b/py2011/VisitBlog.py
@@ -13,14 +13,16 @@
 
 urls = ['kvm_theory_practice/',
         'about/',
-        'i_will_laugh_at_the_world/'	
-       ]
+        'i_will_laugh_at_the_world/'
+        ]
 
 visitTimesPerPage = 10
 
+
 def usage():
     print('Usage:', sys.argv[0], 'host')
 
+
 def main(argv):
     host = argv[1]
     if host == '':
@@ -34,22 +36,23 @@ def main(argv):
 
 
 class VisitPageThread(threading.Thread):
+
     def __init__(self, threadName, host, url):
-        threading.Thread.__init__(self, name = threadName)
+        threading.Thread.__init__(self, name=threadName)
         self.host = host
         self.url = url
-    
+
     def run(self):
         url = self.host + self.url
         req = urllib.request.Request(url)
         req.set_proxy('companyname.com:911', 'http')
-        #you may set you proxy here.
+        # you may set you proxy here.
         try:
             doc = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read()
             print(doc)
         except Exception as e:
-            print("urlopen Exception : %s" %e)
+            print("urlopen Exception : %s" % e)
 
-if __name__=='__main__':
+if __name__ == '__main__':
     sys.argv.append('http://smilejay.com/')
     main(sys.argv)
diff --git a/py2011/get_ip_and_location.py b/py2011/get_ip_and_location.py
index 79c060f..5a4dc50 100755
--- a/py2011/get_ip_and_location.py
+++ b/py2011/get_ip_and_location.py
@@ -10,29 +10,31 @@
 import re
 import urllib.request
 
+
 def get_reponse_from_url(url):
-	req = urllib.request.Request(url)
-	encoding = 'gbk'
-	try:
-		doc = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read()
-#		print(doc.decode(encoding))
-		return doc.decode(encoding)
-	except Exception as e:
-		print("urlopen Exception : %s" %e)
+    req = urllib.request.Request(url)
+    encoding = 'gbk'
+    try:
+        doc = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read()
+        # print(doc.decode(encoding))
+        return doc.decode(encoding)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print("urlopen Exception : %s" % e)
+
 
 def get_ip_and_location():
-	url_ip_qq = "http://fw.qq.com/ipaddress"
-	url_location_youdao = "http://www.youdao.com/smartresult-xml/search.s?type=ip&q="
-	re_ip = "((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?))"
-	str_ip = get_reponse_from_url(url_ip_qq)
-	ip = re.search(re_ip, str_ip).group(1)
-	#print("ip="+ip.group(1))
-	print("your ip is:"+ip)
-	url_location_youdao += ip
-	str_location = get_reponse_from_url(url_location_youdao)
-	re_location = '<location>(.*)</location>'
-	location = re.search(re_location,str_location).group(1)
-	print("you are here:"+location)
+    url_ip_qq = "http://fw.qq.com/ipaddress"
+    url_location_youdao = "http://www.youdao.com/smartresult-xml/search.s?type=ip&q="
+    re_ip = "((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?))"
+    str_ip = get_reponse_from_url(url_ip_qq)
+    ip = re.search(re_ip, str_ip).group(1)
+    # print("ip="+ip.group(1))
+    print("your ip is:"+ip)
+    url_location_youdao += ip
+    str_location = get_reponse_from_url(url_location_youdao)
+    re_location = '<location>(.*)</location>'
+    location = re.search(re_location, str_location).group(1)
+    print("you are here:"+location)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-	get_ip_and_location()
\ No newline at end of file
+    get_ip_and_location()
diff --git a/py2011/get_rpms.py b/py2011/get_rpms.py
index f706b85..e087d9b 100644
--- a/py2011/get_rpms.py
+++ b/py2011/get_rpms.py
@@ -11,51 +11,56 @@
 import re
 import os
 
+
 def get_rpm_list(host, url, rpm_list):
-	conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(host)
-	conn.request("GET", url)
-	res = conn.getresponse()
-	data = res.read()
-	str = data.decode("utf-8")
-	parser = my_html_parser(rpm_list)
-	parser.feed(str)
+    conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(host)
+    conn.request("GET", url)
+    res = conn.getresponse()
+    data = res.read()
+    str = data.decode("utf-8")
+    parser = my_html_parser(rpm_list)
+    parser.feed(str)
+
 
 class my_html_parser(HTMLParser):
-	def __init__(self, rpm_list):
-		HTMLParser.__init__(self)
-		rpm_list = rpm_list
 
-	def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
-		if tag == 'a':
-			for name, value in attrs:
-				if name == "href":
-					if re.search('\.rpm$', value):
-						rpm_list.append(value)
+    def __init__(self, rpm_list):
+        HTMLParser.__init__(self)
+        rpm_list = rpm_list
+
+    def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
+        if tag == 'a':
+            for name, value in attrs:
+                if name == "href":
+                    if re.search('\.rpm$', value):
+                        rpm_list.append(value)
+
 
 def download_rpms(rpm_list):
-	path = base_dir + dir +'/'
-	for rpm in rpm_list:
-		rpm_url = url+rpm
-		local_name = path + rpm
-		if os.path.exists(local_name):
-			os.remove(local_name)
-		f = open(local_name, 'wb')
-		conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(host)
-		conn.request("GET", rpm_url)
-		res = conn.getresponse()
-		f.write(res.read())
+    path = base_dir + dir + '/'
+    for rpm in rpm_list:
+        rpm_url = url+rpm
+        local_name = path + rpm
+        if os.path.exists(local_name):
+            os.remove(local_name)
+        f = open(local_name, 'wb')
+        conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(host)
+        conn.request("GET", rpm_url)
+        res = conn.getresponse()
+        f.write(res.read())
+
 
 def prepare_dir(base_dir, dir):
-	path = base_dir + dir
-	if not os.path.exists(path):
-		os.makedirs(path)
+    path = base_dir + dir
+    if not os.path.exists(path):
+        os.makedirs(path)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-	host = 'XXX.XXX.com'
-	url = "/pub/ISO/redhat/redhat-rhel6/RHEL-6.2-GA/Server/optional/x86_64/os/Packages/"
-	rpm_list = []
-	base_dir = '/home/master/Downloads/'
-	dir = 'temp_packages'
-	get_rpm_list(host, url, rpm_list)
-	prepare_dir(base_dir, dir)
-	download_rpms(rpm_list)
+    host = 'XXX.XXX.com'
+    url = "/pub/ISO/redhat/redhat-rhel6/RHEL-6.2-GA/Server/optional/x86_64/os/Packages/"
+    rpm_list = []
+    base_dir = '/home/master/Downloads/'
+    dir = 'temp_packages'
+    get_rpm_list(host, url, rpm_list)
+    prepare_dir(base_dir, dir)
+    download_rpms(rpm_list)
diff --git a/py2011/socket_client.py b/py2011/socket_client.py
index c5171c2..8dafa7e 100755
--- a/py2011/socket_client.py
+++ b/py2011/socket_client.py
@@ -6,15 +6,16 @@
 
 import socket
 
+
 def socket_client():
-	HOST = '127.0.0.1'# The remote host
-	PORT = 5007  # The same port as used by the server
-	s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-	s.connect((HOST, PORT))
-	s.send(b'Hello, world')
-	data = s.recv(1024)
-	s.close()
-	print('Received', repr(data))
+    HOST = '127.0.0.1'  # The remote host
+    PORT = 5007  # The same port as used by the server
+    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+    s.connect((HOST, PORT))
+    s.send(b'Hello, world')
+    data = s.recv(1024)
+    s.close()
+    print('Received', repr(data))
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-	socket_client()
\ No newline at end of file
+    socket_client()
diff --git a/py2011/socket_server.py b/py2011/socket_server.py
index e0d0e14..1ffca3b 100755
--- a/py2011/socket_server.py
+++ b/py2011/socket_server.py
@@ -6,19 +6,21 @@
 
 import socket
 
+
 def socket_server():
-	HOST = '127.0.0.1' # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces
-	PORT = 5007  # Arbitrary non-privileged port
-	s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-	s.bind((HOST, PORT))
-	s.listen(1)
-	conn, addr = s.accept()
-	print('Connected by', addr)
-	while True:
-		data = conn.recv(1024)
-		if not data: break
-		conn.send(data)
-	conn.close()
+    HOST = '127.0.0.1'  # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces
+    PORT = 5007  # Arbitrary non-privileged port
+    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+    s.bind((HOST, PORT))
+    s.listen(1)
+    conn, addr = s.accept()
+    print('Connected by', addr)
+    while True:
+        data = conn.recv(1024)
+        if not data:
+            break
+        conn.send(data)
+    conn.close()
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-	socket_server()
\ No newline at end of file
+    socket_server()
diff --git a/py2013/date_test.py b/py2013/date_test.py
index 03d2585..c160adb 100644
--- a/py2013/date_test.py
+++ b/py2013/date_test.py
@@ -9,13 +9,18 @@
 import datetime
 import calendar
 
+
 def get_a_month_val(year, month, day=1):
     day = datetime.datetime(year, month, day)
     print day
-    last_day_of_previous_month = day.replace(day=1) - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
-    last_day_of_this_month = day.replace(day=calendar.monthrange(year, month)[1])
-    print last_day_of_previous_month
-    print last_day_of_this_month
+    last_day_previous_month = day.replace(day=1) - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
+    first_day_this_month = day.replace(day=1)
+    last_day_this_month = day.replace(day=calendar.monthrange(year, month)[1])
+    last_day_this_month_1 = day.replace(day=calendar.mdays[day.month])
+    print last_day_previous_month
+    print first_day_this_month
+    print last_day_this_month
+    print last_day_this_month_1
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     get_a_month_val(2013, 10, 20)
diff --git a/py2013/iplocation.py b/py2013/iplocation.py
index 8968bdb..77bc936 100644
--- a/py2013/iplocation.py
+++ b/py2013/iplocation.py
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
 @author: Jay <smile665@gmail.com>     http://smilejay.com/
 '''
 
-import json, urllib2
+import json
+import urllib2
 import re
 from selenium import webdriver
 from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ class location_freegeoip():
     build the mapping of the ip address and its location.
     the geo info is from <freegeoip.net>
     '''
-    
+
     def __init__(self, ip):
         '''
         Constructor of location_freegeoip class
@@ -26,10 +27,10 @@ def __init__(self, ip):
         self.ip = ip
         self.api_format = 'json'
         self.api_url = 'http://freegeoip.net/%s/%s' % (self.api_format, self.ip)
-    
+
     def get_geoinfo(self):
         """ get the geo info from the remote API.
-        
+
             return a dict about the location.
         """
         urlobj = urllib2.urlopen(self.api_url)
@@ -37,22 +38,23 @@ def get_geoinfo(self):
         datadict = json.loads(data, encoding='utf-8')
 #        print datadict
         return datadict
-    
+
     def get_country(self):
         key = 'country_name'
         datadict = self.get_geoinfo()
-        return datadict[key] 
-    
+        return datadict[key]
+
     def get_region(self):
         key = 'region_name'
         datadict = self.get_geoinfo()
         return datadict[key]
-     
+
     def get_city(self):
         key = 'city'
         datadict = self.get_geoinfo()
         return datadict[key]
 
+
 class location_taobao():
     '''
     build the mapping of the ip address and its location
@@ -60,13 +62,14 @@ class location_taobao():
     e.g. http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php?ip=112.111.184.63
     The getIpInfo API from Taobao returns a JSON object.
     '''
+
     def __init__(self, ip):
         self.ip = ip
         self.api_url = 'http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php?ip=%s' % self.ip
-        
+
     def get_geoinfo(self):
         """ get the geo info from the remote API.
-        
+
             return a dict about the location.
         """
         urlobj = urllib2.urlopen(self.api_url)
@@ -74,17 +77,17 @@ def get_geoinfo(self):
         datadict = json.loads(data, encoding='utf-8')
 #        print datadict
         return datadict['data']
-    
+
     def get_country(self):
         key = u'country'
         datadict = self.get_geoinfo()
         return datadict[key]
-    
+
     def get_region(self):
         key = 'region'
         datadict = self.get_geoinfo()
         return datadict[key]
-     
+
     def get_city(self):
         key = 'city'
         datadict = self.get_geoinfo()
@@ -103,26 +106,27 @@ class location_qq():
     Note: the content of the Tencent's API return page is encoded by 'gb2312'.
     e.g. http://ip.qq.com/cgi-bin/searchip?searchip1=112.111.184.64
     '''
+
     def __init__(self, ip):
         '''
         Construction of location_ipdotcn class.
         '''
         self.ip = ip
         self.api_url = 'http://ip.qq.com/cgi-bin/searchip?searchip1=%s' % ip
-    
+
     def get_geoinfo(self):
         urlobj = urllib2.urlopen(self.api_url)
         data = urlobj.read().decode('gb2312').encode('utf8')
         pattern = re.compile(r'该IP所在地为：<span>(.+)</span>')
         m = re.search(pattern, data)
-        if m != None: 
+        if m is not None:
             return m.group(1).split('&nbsp;')
         else:
             return None
-        
+
     def get_region(self):
         return self.get_geoinfo()[0]
-    
+
     def get_isp(self):
         return self.get_geoinfo()[1]
 
@@ -133,18 +137,21 @@ class location_ipdotcn():
     the geo info is from www.ip.cn
     need to use PhantomJS to open the URL to render its JS
     '''
+
     def __init__(self, ip):
         '''
         Construction of location_ipdotcn class.
         '''
         self.ip = ip
         self.api_url = 'http://www.ip.cn/%s' % ip
-    
+
     def get_geoinfo(self):
         dcap = dict(DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)
         dcap["phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent"] = (
-            "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/29.0 " )
-        driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path='/usr/local/bin/phantomjs', desired_capabilities=dcap)
+            "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/29.0 ")
+        driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(
+            executable_path='/usr/local/bin/phantomjs',
+            desired_capabilities=dcap)
         driver.get(self.api_url)
         text = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@id="result"]/div/p').text
         res = text.split('来自：')[1].split(' ')
@@ -157,7 +164,7 @@ def get_region(self):
     def get_isp(self):
         return self.get_geoinfo()[1]
 
-    
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     ip = '110.84.0.129'
 #    iploc = location_taobao(ip)
@@ -170,4 +177,4 @@ def get_isp(self):
     iploc = location_ipdotcn(ip)
 #    iploc.get_geoinfo()
     print iploc.get_region()
-    print iploc.get_isp()
\ No newline at end of file
+    print iploc.get_isp()
diff --git a/py2013/python3-mysql.py b/py2013/python3-mysql.py
index 241d8ef..dab24c3 100755
--- a/py2013/python3-mysql.py
+++ b/py2013/python3-mysql.py
@@ -3,19 +3,20 @@
 # see details from   http://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/index.html
 
 import mysql.connector
-import sys, os
+import sys
+import os
 
 user = 'root'
-pwd  = '123456'
+pwd = '123456'
 host = '127.0.0.1'
-db   = 'test'
+db = 'test'
 
 data_file = 'mysql-test.dat'
 
 create_table_sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS mytable ( \
                     id int(10) AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, \
-		    name varchar(20), age int(4) ) \
-		    CHARACTER SET utf8"
+                    name varchar(20), age int(4) ) \
+                    CHARACTER SET utf8"
 
 insert_sql = "INSERT INTO mytable(name, age) VALUES ('Jay', 22 ), ('杰', 26)"
 select_sql = "SELECT id, name, age FROM mytable"
@@ -44,11 +45,15 @@
 
     for line in lines:
         myset = line.split()
-        sql = "INSERT INTO mytable (name, age) VALUES ('{}', {})".format(myset[0], myset[1])
+        sql = "INSERT INTO mytable (name, age) VALUES ('{}', {})".format(
+                                                                         myset
+                                                                         [0],
+                                                                         myset
+                                                                         [1])
         try:
             cursor.execute(sql)
         except mysql.connector.Error as err:
-            print("insert table 'mytable' from file 'mysql-test.dat' -- failed.")
+            print("insert table 'mytable' from file 'mysql-test.dat' - failed.")
             print("Error: {}".format(err.msg))
             sys.exit()
 
diff --git a/py2013/rename_files.py b/py2013/rename_files.py
index 3061ab9..fceebcd 100644
--- a/py2013/rename_files.py
+++ b/py2013/rename_files.py
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ def rename_files():
 #               print(new_name)
                 os.rename(os.path.join(path,file),os.path.join(path,new_name))
 
-if __namei_ == '__main__':
+if __name__ == '__main__':
     rename_files()
diff --git a/py2014/fibonacci.py b/py2014/fibonacci.py
index c47c965..98d40b2 100644
--- a/py2014/fibonacci.py
+++ b/py2014/fibonacci.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 
 def fib1(n):
+    ''' normal recursion '''
     if n == 0:
         return 0
     elif n == 1:
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ def fib1(n):
 
 
 def fib2(n):
+    ''' recursion with cached results '''
     if n in known:
         return known[n]
 
@@ -22,6 +24,30 @@ def fib2(n):
     return res
 
 
+def fib3(n):
+    ''' non-recursion '''
+    last1 = 0
+    last2 = 1
+    if n == 0:
+        return 0
+    elif n == 1:
+        return 1
+    elif n >= 2:
+        for _ in range(2, n+1):
+            res = last1 + last2
+            last1 = last2
+            last2 = res
+        return last2
+
+
+def fib4(n):
+    ''' use a list to store all the results '''
+    l = [0, 1]
+    for i in range(2, n+1):
+        l.append(l[i-2] + l[i-1])
+    return l[n]
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     n = 40
     print(datetime.datetime.now())
@@ -29,3 +55,7 @@ def fib2(n):
     print(datetime.datetime.now())
     print('fib2(%d)=%d' % (n, fib2(n)))
     print(datetime.datetime.now())
+    print('fib3(%d)=%d' % (n, fib3(n)))
+    print(datetime.datetime.now())
+    print('fib4(%d)=%d' % (n, fib4(n)))
+    print(datetime.datetime.now())
diff --git a/py2014/paxel.py b/py2014/paxel.py
index 2376ba5..c60e261 100644
--- a/py2014/paxel.py
+++ b/py2014/paxel.py
@@ -15,7 +15,11 @@
 import os
 import time
 import urllib
-from threading import Thread
+from threading import Thread, Lock
+import shutil
+from contextlib import closing
+
+printLocker = Lock()
 
 # in case you want to use http_proxy
 local_proxies = {'http': 'http://131.139.58.200:8080'}
@@ -26,7 +30,7 @@ class AxelPython(Thread, urllib.FancyURLopener):
 
         run() is a vitural method of Thread.
     '''
-    def __init__(self, threadname, url, filename, ranges=0, proxies={}):
+    def __init__(self, threadname, url, filename, ranges, proxies={}):
         Thread.__init__(self, name=threadname)
         urllib.FancyURLopener.__init__(self, proxies)
         self.name = threadname
@@ -52,7 +56,9 @@ def run(self):
             return
 
         self.oneTimeSize = 16384  # 16kByte/time
+        printLocker.acquire()
         print 'task %s will download from %d to %d' % (self.name, self.startpoint, self.ranges[1])
+        printLocker.release()
 
         self.addheader("Range", "bytes=%d-%d" % (self.startpoint, self.ranges[1]))
         self.urlhandle = self.open(self.url)
@@ -71,14 +77,12 @@ def run(self):
 
 
 def GetUrlFileSize(url, proxies={}):
-    urlHandler = urllib.urlopen(url, proxies=proxies)
-    headers = urlHandler.info().headers
-    length = 0
-    for header in headers:
-        if header.find('Length') != -1:
-            length = header.split(':')[-1].strip()
-            length = int(length)
-    return length
+    with closing(urllib.urlopen(url, proxies=proxies)) as urlHandler:
+        length = urlHandler.headers.getheader('Content-Length')
+        if length is None:
+            return 0
+        else:
+            return int(length)
 
 
 def SpliteBlocks(totalsize, blocknumber):
@@ -122,19 +126,17 @@ def paxel(url, output, blocks=6, proxies=local_proxies):
         sys.stdout.write(show)
         sys.stdout.flush()
         time.sleep(0.5)
-
-    filehandle = open(output, 'wb+')
-    for i in filename:
-        f = open(i, 'rb')
-        filehandle.write(f.read())
-        f.close()
-        try:
-            os.remove(i)
-            pass
-        except:
-            pass
-
-    filehandle.close()
+    sys.stdout.write(u'\rFilesize:{0} Downloaded:{0} Completed:100%  \n'.format(size))
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    with open(output, 'wb+') as filehandle:
+        for i in filename:
+            with open(i, 'rb') as f:
+                shutil.copyfileobj(f, filehandle, 102400)
+            try:
+                os.remove(i)
+            except OSError:
+                pass
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     url = 'http://dldir1.qq.com/qqfile/QQforMac/QQ_V3.1.1.dmg'
diff --git a/py2014/urllib2_test.py b/py2014/urllib2_test.py
index b2084cd..ae86b3c 100644
--- a/py2014/urllib2_test.py
+++ b/py2014/urllib2_test.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     resp = urllib2.urlopen(req, timeout=5)
 except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
     if e.code == 404:
-        print 'response code %d' % e.code
+        print 'response code 404'
     else:
         print 'not 404. response code %d' % e.code
 except urllib2.URLError, e:
diff --git a/py2015/android_demo.py b/py2015/android_demo.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8c32ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/android_demo.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
+'''
+Create on 2015-05-05
+'''
+import os
+import unittest
+from selenium import webdriver
+import time
+
+# Appium环境配置
+PATH = lambda p: os.path.abspath(
+    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), p)
+)
+
+
+class DpAppTests(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        desired_caps = {}
+        desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android'
+        desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '4.4'
+        desired_caps['deviceName'] = 'emulator-5554'
+        desired_caps['autoLaunch'] = 'true'
+  #      desired_caps['automationName'] = "selendroid"
+        desired_caps['app'] = PATH(
+            'apps/Nova_7.2.0_debug.apk'
+        )
+        desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.dianping.v1'
+        desired_caps[
+            'appActivity'] = 'com.dianping.main.guide.SplashScreenActivity'
+
+        self.driver = webdriver.Remote(
+            'http://localhost:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        self.driver.quit()
+
+    def test_dpApp(self):
+        time.sleep(10)
+        el = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(
+            "//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'美食')]")
+        el.click()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    suite = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(DpAppTests)
+    unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite)
diff --git a/py2015/args_kargs.py b/py2015/args_kargs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff6a9f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/args_kargs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# *-* encoding=utf-8 *-*
+'''
+just try to use *args and **kargs.
+*args表示任何多个无名参数，它是一个tuple；**kwargs表示关键字参数，它是一个dict。并且同时使用*args和**kwargs时，必须*args参数列要在**kwargs前
+'''
+
+def foo(*args, **kwargs):
+    print 'args = ', args
+    print 'kwargs = ', kwargs
+    print '---------------------------------------'
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    foo(1,2,3,4)
+    foo(a=1,b=2,c=3)
+    foo(1,2,3,4, a=1,b=2,c=3)
+    foo('a', 1, None, a=1, b='2', c=3)
diff --git a/py2015/beer.py b/py2015/beer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e8b04c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/beer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+'''
+calculate how many bottles of beer you can drink.
+1. money: n RMB (e.g. n=10)
+2. price: 2 RMB / bottle
+3. 3 empty bottles --> 1 bottle of beer
+可以最多向商店借1个空瓶, 但需要兑换喝完后将1个空瓶还回。
+2024年update: a. 增加了向商店借空瓶的说明  b. 使用python3而不是python2
+'''
+
+
+def bottles_cnt_beer(money=10):
+    '''
+    计算能够喝到多少瓶啤酒。
+    供参考答案如下：
+    10 -> 7
+    100 -> 75
+    1234 -> 925
+    12345 -> 9258
+    '''
+    price = 2
+    m = 3   # m empty bottles --> 1 bottle of beer
+    count = int(money / price)
+    empty_cnt = int(money / price)
+    while empty_cnt >= m:
+        count += int(empty_cnt / m)
+        empty_cnt = int(empty_cnt / m) + int(empty_cnt % m)
+    # borrow 1 empt bottle from the shop; drink; return 1 empty bottle to the shop.
+    if empty_cnt == (m - 1):
+        count += 1
+    return count
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    n = 10
+    print("money n={}, you can drink {} bottles of beer.".format(n, bottles_cnt_beer(n)))
+    n = 100
+    print("money n={}, you can drink {} bottles of beer.".format(n, bottles_cnt_beer(n)))
+    n = 1234
+    print("money n={}, you can drink {} bottles of beer.".format(n, bottles_cnt_beer(n)))
+    n = int(input('Enter a number: '))
+    print("money n={}, you can drink {} bottles of beer.".format(n, bottles_cnt_beer(n)))
diff --git a/py2015/download_repos.py b/py2015/download_repos.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57a5f86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/download_repos.py
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+'''
+package installation command:
+    pip install beautifulsoup4 requests
+(bs4 doesn't work with python 2.6, so this only work on python 2.7)
+'''
+
+import requests
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+import os
+from urllib import unquote
+
+
+class repos(object):
+
+    """download linux repos from mirrors' site."""
+
+    headers = {
+        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/42.0'}
+    urls_dict = {}
+
+    def __init__(self, base_url, base_dir):
+        super(repos, self).__init__()
+        self.base_url = base_url
+        self.base_dir = base_dir
+
+    def download(self):
+        for i in self.urls_dict:
+            for j in self.urls_dict[i]['files']:
+                url = self.base_url + i + j
+                print url
+                request = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers)
+                if request.ok:
+                    file_location = self.base_dir + i + j
+                    print file_location
+                    if not os.path.exists(self.base_dir + i):
+                        os.makedirs(self.base_dir + i)
+                    with open(file_location, "wb") as the_file:
+                        the_file.write(request.content)
+
+    def get_urls_dict(self, path='/', parent=None):
+        if path not in self.urls_dict:
+            self.urls_dict[path] = {
+                'parent': parent, 'sub_dirs': [], 'files': []}
+            url = self.base_url + path
+            request = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers)
+            if request.ok:
+                soup = BeautifulSoup(request.text, 'html.parser')
+                for url in soup.find_all('a'):
+                    url_text = unquote(url.get('href'))
+                    if url_text.endswith('/') and url_text != '/' and url_text != '../':
+                        self.urls_dict[path]['sub_dirs'].append(url_text)
+                    elif not url_text.endswith('/') and not url_text.startswith('?'):
+                        self.urls_dict[path]['files'].append(url_text)
+        if self.urls_dict[path]['parent'] == None and len(self.urls_dict[path]['sub_dirs']) == 0:
+            pass
+        elif len(self.urls_dict[path]['sub_dirs']) != 0:
+            for i in self.urls_dict[path]['sub_dirs']:
+                return self.get_urls_dict(path=path + i, parent=path)
+        elif self.urls_dict[path]['parent'] != None and len(self.urls_dict[path]['sub_dirs']) == 0:
+            self.urls_dict[self.urls_dict[path]['parent']][
+                'sub_dirs'].remove(path.split('/')[-2] + '/')
+            return self.get_urls_dict(path=self.urls_dict[path]['parent'],
+                                      parent=self.urls_dict[self.urls_dict[path]['parent']]['parent'])
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    url = 'http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.7/os/x86_64'
+    the_dir = '/tmp/centos6u7'
+    repo = repos(url, the_dir)
+    repo.get_urls_dict()
+    # print repo.urls_dict
+    repo.download()
diff --git a/py2015/fib_generator.py b/py2015/fib_generator.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..948a1d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/fib_generator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# make a Fibonacci generator.
+
+
+def fib(max):
+    n, a, b = 0, 0, 1
+    while n < max:
+        yield b
+        a, b = b, a + b
+        n = n + 1
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    fib10 = fib(10)
+    for i in fib10:
+        print i
diff --git a/py2015/filter_demo.py b/py2015/filter_demo.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c1e99a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/filter_demo.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# 删除1~100的整数中的素数.
+
+import math
+
+
+def isNotPrime(n):
+    flag = False
+    for i in range(2, int(math.sqrt(n)) + 1):
+        if n % i == 0:
+            flag = True
+    return flag
+
+for i in filter(isNotPrime, xrange(1, 101)):
+    print i
diff --git a/py2015/gevent_demo.py b/py2015/gevent_demo.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c40b50a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/gevent_demo.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from gevent import monkey
+monkey.patch_all()
+import gevent
+import urllib2
+
+
+def f(url):
+    print('GET: %s' % url)
+    resp = urllib2.urlopen(url)
+    data = resp.read()
+    print('%d bytes received from %s.' % (len(data), url))
+
+gevent.joinall([
+    gevent.spawn(f, 'https://www.python.org/'),
+    gevent.spawn(f, 'http://smilejay.com/'),
+    gevent.spawn(f, 'http://www.baidu.com/'),
+])
diff --git a/py2015/map_reduce.py b/py2015/map_reduce.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c076296
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/map_reduce.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# python built-in map()/reduce() exercises.
+
+print map(lambda x: x.title(), ['adam', 'LISA', 'barT', 'Jay'])
+
+
+def prod(list1):
+    return reduce(lambda x, y: x * y, list1)
+
+
+list1 = xrange(1, 6)
+print prod(list1)
diff --git a/py2015/mutiprocessing_pool.py b/py2015/mutiprocessing_pool.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c0a274
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/mutiprocessing_pool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from multiprocessing import Pool
+import os
+import time
+import random
+
+
+def long_time_task(name):
+    print 'Run task %s (%s)...' % (name, os.getpid())
+    start = time.time()
+    time.sleep(random.random() * 3)
+    end = time.time()
+    print 'Task %s runs %0.2f seconds.' % (name, (end - start))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print 'Parent process %s.' % os.getpid()
+    p = Pool()
+    for i in range(5):
+        p.apply_async(long_time_task, args=(i,))
+    print 'Waiting for all subprocesses done...'
+    p.close()
+    p.join()
+    print 'All subprocesses done.'
diff --git a/py2015/mutiprocessing_queue.py b/py2015/mutiprocessing_queue.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37357ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/mutiprocessing_queue.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
+
+from multiprocessing import Process, Queue
+import time
+import random
+
+
+# 写数据进程执行的代码:
+def write(q):
+    for value in ['A', 'B', 'C']:
+        print 'Put %s to queue...' % value
+        q.put(value)
+        time.sleep(random.random())
+
+
+# 读数据进程执行的代码:
+def read(q):
+    while True:
+        value = q.get(True)
+        print 'Get %s from queue.' % value
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    # 父进程创建Queue，并传给各个子进程：
+    queue = Queue()
+    p_write = Process(target=write, args=(queue,))
+    p_read = Process(target=read, args=(queue,))
+    # 启动子进程pw，写入:
+    p_write.start()
+    # 启动子进程pr，读取:
+    p_read.start()
+    # 等待pw结束:
+    p_write.join()
+    # pr进程里是死循环，无法等待其结束，只能强行终止:
+    p_read.terminate()
diff --git a/py2015/my.cfg b/py2015/my.cfg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9c9bc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/my.cfg
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[mysqld]
+datadir=/var/lib/mysql
+socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
+user=mysql
+# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
+symbolic-links=0
+
+[mysqld_safe]
+log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
+pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
+
+[jay_test]
+log = /var/log/jay-test.log
+user = jay
+greeting = 'Hello, %(user)s!'
diff --git a/py2015/range_xrange.py b/py2015/range_xrange.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cebb33a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/range_xrange.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+# _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
+'''
+Created on Jul 14, 2015
+
+@author: Jay
+'''
+
+
+def my_range(start, end=None, step=1):
+    result = []
+    if not isinstance(start, int):
+        return 'start argument must be an integer.'
+    if (not isinstance(end, int)) and (not end is None):
+        return 'end argument must be an integer.'
+    if not isinstance(step, int):
+        return 'step argument must be an integer.'
+    elif step == 0:
+        return 'step argument must not be zero.'
+    if isinstance(end, int):
+        while True:
+            if start < end:
+                result.append(start)
+                start += step
+            else:
+                break
+    else:  # end is None
+        start, end = 0, start
+        while True:
+            if start < end:
+                result.append(start)
+                start += step
+            else:
+                break
+    return result
+
+
+# 跟range函数的实现基本一样,只是使用yield关键字表示生成器
+def my_xrange(start, end=None, step=1):
+    if not isinstance(start, int):
+        pass
+    if (not isinstance(end, int)) and (not end is None):
+        pass
+    if not isinstance(step, int):
+        pass
+    elif step == 0:
+        pass
+    if isinstance(end, int):
+        while True:
+            if start < end:
+                yield start
+                start += step
+            else:
+                break
+    else:  # end is None
+        start, end = 0, start
+        while True:
+            if start < end:
+                yield start
+                start += step
+            else:
+                break
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print my_range(8)
+    print my_range(8, 1, 1)
+    print my_range(8, 1.5, 1)
+    print my_range(1, 9)
+    print my_range(1, 9, 0)
+    print [i for i in my_xrange(8)]
+    print [i for i in my_xrange(8, 1, 1)]
+    print [i for i in my_xrange(8, 1.5, 1)]
+    print [i for i in my_xrange(1, 9)]
diff --git a/py2015/special_vars.py b/py2015/special_vars.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6e5113f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/special_vars.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+
+class Student(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, score):
+        self.__name = name
+        self.__score = score
+
+    def print_score(self):
+        print '%s: %s' % (self.__name, self.__score)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    jay = Student('Jay', 99)
+    jay.print_score()
+    #print jay.__name
+    print jay._Student__name
diff --git a/py2015/taskmanager.py b/py2015/taskmanager.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39b03b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/taskmanager.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# _*_ encoding: utf-8 _*_
+
+# taskmanager.py
+
+import random
+import Queue
+from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager
+
+# 发送任务的队列:
+task_queue = Queue.Queue()
+# 接收结果的队列:
+result_queue = Queue.Queue()
+
+
+# 从BaseManager继承的QueueManager:
+class QueueManager(BaseManager):
+    pass
+
+# 把两个Queue都注册到网络上, callable参数关联了Queue对象:
+QueueManager.register('get_task_queue', callable=lambda: task_queue)
+QueueManager.register('get_result_queue', callable=lambda: result_queue)
+# 绑定端口5000, 设置验证码'abc':
+manager = QueueManager(address=('', 5000), authkey='abc')
+# 启动Queue:
+manager.start()
+# 获得通过网络访问的Queue对象:
+task = manager.get_task_queue()
+result = manager.get_result_queue()
+# 放几个任务进去:
+for i in range(10):
+    n = random.randint(0, 10000)
+    print('Put task %d...' % n)
+    task.put(n)
+# 从result队列读取结果:
+print('Try get results...')
+for i in range(10):
+    r = result.get(timeout=10)
+    print('Result: %s' % r)
+# 关闭:
+manager.shutdown()
diff --git a/py2015/taskworker.py b/py2015/taskworker.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e2be5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/taskworker.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# _*_ encoding: utf-8 _*_
+# taskworker.py
+
+import time
+import Queue
+from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager
+
+# 创建类似的QueueManager:
+class QueueManager(BaseManager):
+    pass
+
+# 由于这个QueueManager只从网络上获取Queue，所以注册时只提供名字:
+QueueManager.register('get_task_queue')
+QueueManager.register('get_result_queue')
+
+# 连接到服务器，也就是运行taskmanager.py的机器:
+server_addr = '127.0.0.1'
+print('Connect to server %s...' % server_addr)
+# 端口和验证码注意保持与taskmanager.py设置的完全一致:
+m = QueueManager(address=(server_addr, 5000), authkey='abc')
+# 从网络连接:
+m.connect()
+# 获取Queue的对象:
+task = m.get_task_queue()
+result = m.get_result_queue()
+# 从task队列取任务,并把结果写入result队列:
+for i in range(10):
+    try:
+        n = task.get(timeout=1)
+        print('run task %d * %d...' % (n, n))
+        r = '%d * %d = %d' % (n, n, n * n)
+        time.sleep(1)
+        result.put(r)
+    except Queue.Empty:
+        print('task queue is empty.')
+# 处理结束:
+print('worker exit.')
diff --git a/py2015/temp-socket.py b/py2015/temp-socket.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ebaa483
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/temp-socket.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# use this socket server to debug an issue.
+
+import socket
+
+address = ('127.0.0.1', 8100)
+s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+s.bind(address)
+s.listen(5)
+
+while(True):
+    ss, addr = s.accept()
+    print 'got connected from', addr
+
+    ss.send('byebye')
+    ra = ss.recv(512)
+    print ra
+
+    for i in ra.split('\r\n\r\n'):
+        print i
+
+    for i in ra.split('\r\n'):
+        print i.encode('hex')
+        print i
+
+    ss.close()
+
+s.close()
diff --git a/py2015/threading_local.py b/py2015/threading_local.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..048ee05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/threading_local.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
+
+import threading
+
+# 创建全局ThreadLocal对象:
+local_school = threading.local()
+
+
+def process_student():
+    print 'Hello, %s (in %s)' % (local_school.student,
+                                 threading.current_thread().name)
+
+
+def process_thread(name):
+    # 绑定ThreadLocal的student:
+    local_school.student = name
+    process_student()
+
+
+t1 = threading.Thread(target= process_thread, args=('Alice',),
+                      name='Thread-A')
+t2 = threading.Thread(target= process_thread, args=('Bob',),
+                      name='Thread-B')
+t1.start()
+t2.start()
+t1.join()
+t2.join()
diff --git a/py2015/try_beautifulsoup4.py b/py2015/try_beautifulsoup4.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be12896
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/try_beautifulsoup4.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+'''
+Beautiful Soup sits atop an HTML or XML parser, providing Pythonic idioms
+for iterating, searching, and modifying the parse tree.
+# pip install beautifulsoup4
+# pip install requests
+'''
+
+import requests
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+
+url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
+headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0'}
+request = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
+if request.ok:
+    soup = BeautifulSoup(request.text, 'html.parser')
+    print soup.title.string
diff --git a/py2015/try_configparser.py b/py2015/try_configparser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e11ec53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/try_configparser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import ConfigParser
+
+config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
+config.read('my.cfg')
+
+print config.get('mysqld', 'socket')
+print config.get('mysqld_safe', 'pid-file')
+print config.get('jay_test', 'greeting', raw=0)
+print config.get('jay_test', 'greeting', raw=1)
+
+config.set('jay_test', 'log', '/var/log/jay-test-new.log')
+config.add_section('new_section')
+config.set('new_section', 'language', 'Python')
+with open('my-new.cfg', 'wb') as configfile:
+        config.write(configfile)
diff --git a/py2015/try_requests.py b/py2015/try_requests.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36fc8c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/try_requests.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+'''
+just try a lib for http request.
+# pip install requests
+
+To void an 'InsecurePlatformWarning':
+You only need to install the security package extras.
+$ pip install requests[security]
+or, install them directly:
+$ pip install pyopenssl ndg-httpsclient pyasn1
+'''
+
+import requests
+
+url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
+headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0'}
+request = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
+if request.ok:
+    print(request.text) 
+    
diff --git a/py2015/unified_order_fabfile.py b/py2015/unified_order_fabfile.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97dc36b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/unified_order_fabfile.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# a fabfile to manange the performance test for unified order project.
+# usage: fab -f unified_order_fabfile.py start_jmeter -P -z 30
+# author: Jay <smile665@gmail.com>
+
+from fabric.context_managers import cd
+from fabric.operations import run, put
+from fabric.api import task, env
+
+env.hosts = ['192.168.1.2', '192.168.1.3', '192.168.1.4']
+env.port = 22
+env.user = 'root'
+env.password = '123456'
+
+
+@task
+def hostname():
+    # show hostname   # just for testing
+    with cd('/tmp'):
+        run('hostname')
+
+
+@task
+def copy_jmeter():
+    # copy jmeter to other machines
+    with cd('/tmp'):
+        run('rm -rf jakarta-jmeter-2.3.4')
+        put('jakarta-jmeter-2.3.4', '/tmp/')
+        run('cd jakarta-jmeter-2.3.4/bin; chmod a+x jmeter')
+        #run('ls /tmp/')
+
+
+@task
+def start_jmeter():
+    # run jmeter in all test clients
+    #with cd('/tmp/'):
+    with cd('/tmp/jakarta-jmeter-2.3.4/bin/'):
+        run('screen -d -m ./jmeter -n -t my-order.jmx -l log.jtl &>abc.log')
+        #run('./jmeter -n -t unified-order.jmx -l log.jtl &>abc.log')
+        #run('screen -d -m sleep 10', pty=False)
+        #run('service tomcat start', pty=False)
+
+
+@task
+def kill_jmeter():
+    # kill the jmeter processes for unified order project
+    with cd('/tmp/'):
+        pids = run("ps -ef | grep unified | grep -v 'grep' | awk '{print $2'}")
+        pid_list = pids.split('\r\n')
+        for i in pid_list:
+            run('kill -9 %s' % i)
+
+
+@task
+def get_status():
+    # get jmeter(java) running status
+    with cd('/tmp'):
+        run('ps -ef | grep unified | grep java | grep -v grep')
diff --git a/py2015/yanghui_triangle.py b/py2015/yanghui_triangle.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03c269f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/yanghui_triangle.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+
+def task(num):
+    ret = []
+    if num < 1:
+        return None
+    elif num == 1:
+        ret = [1]
+    else:
+        ret_before = task(num - 1)
+        for i in (xrange(num)):
+            if i == 0:
+                ret.append(1)
+            elif len(ret_before) <= i:
+                ret.append(ret_before[i - 1])
+            else:
+                ret.append(ret_before[i - 1] + ret_before[i])
+    return ret
+
+
+for i in range(6):
+    if task(i):
+        print task(i)
diff --git a/py2015/zero_cnt_of_factorial.py b/py2015/zero_cnt_of_factorial.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa325fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2015/zero_cnt_of_factorial.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+'''
+calculate how many zero(0)s in the end of n!.
+'''
+
+
+def zero_cnt_of_factorial(num=50):
+    count = 0
+    i = 5
+    while ((num / i) >= 1):
+        count += num/i
+        i *= 5
+    return count
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    n = int(raw_input('Enter a number: '))
+    print "%d! has %d zeros in the end." % (n, zero_cnt_of_factorial(n))
diff --git a/py2016/SimpleHTTPServerWithUpload.py b/py2016/SimpleHTTPServerWithUpload.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a5f5ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/SimpleHTTPServerWithUpload.py
@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+"""Simple HTTP Server With Upload.
+
+https://github.com/tualatrix/tools/blob/master/SimpleHTTPServerWithUpload.py
+
+This module builds on BaseHTTPServer by implementing the standard GET
+and HEAD requests in a fairly straightforward manner.
+
+"""
+
+
+import os
+import posixpath
+import BaseHTTPServer
+import urllib
+import cgi
+import shutil
+import mimetypes
+import re
+
+__version__ = "0.1"
+__all__ = ["SimpleHTTPRequestHandler"]
+__author__ = "bones7456"
+__home_page__ = "http://li2z.cn/"
+
+try:
+    from cStringIO import StringIO
+except ImportError:
+    from StringIO import StringIO
+
+
+class SimpleHTTPRequestHandler(BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
+
+    """Simple HTTP request handler with GET/HEAD/POST commands.
+
+    This serves files from the current directory and any of its
+    subdirectories.  The MIME type for files is determined by
+    calling the .guess_type() method. And can reveive file uploaded
+    by client.
+
+    The GET/HEAD/POST requests are identical except that the HEAD
+    request omits the actual contents of the file.
+
+    """
+
+    server_version = "SimpleHTTPWithUpload/" + __version__
+
+    def do_GET(self):
+        """Serve a GET request."""
+        f = self.send_head()
+        if f:
+            self.copyfile(f, self.wfile)
+            f.close()
+
+    def do_HEAD(self):
+        """Serve a HEAD request."""
+        f = self.send_head()
+        if f:
+            f.close()
+
+    def do_POST(self):
+        """Serve a POST request."""
+        r, info = self.deal_post_data()
+        print r, info, "by: ", self.client_address
+        f = StringIO()
+        f.write('<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">')
+        f.write("<html>\n<title>Upload Result Page</title>\n")
+        f.write("<body>\n<h2>Upload Result Page</h2>\n")
+        f.write("<hr>\n")
+        if r:
+            f.write("<strong>Success:</strong>")
+        else:
+            f.write("<strong>Failed:</strong>")
+        f.write(info)
+        f.write("<br><a href=\"%s\">back</a>" % self.headers['referer'])
+        f.write("<hr><small>Powered By: bones7456, check new version at ")
+        f.write("<a href=\"http://li2z.cn/?s=SimpleHTTPServerWithUpload\">")
+        f.write("here</a>.</small></body>\n</html>\n")
+        length = f.tell()
+        f.seek(0)
+        self.send_response(200)
+        self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html")
+        self.send_header("Content-Length", str(length))
+        self.end_headers()
+        if f:
+            self.copyfile(f, self.wfile)
+            f.close()
+
+    def deal_post_data(self):
+        boundary = self.headers.plisttext.split("=")[1]
+        remainbytes = int(self.headers['content-length'])
+        line = self.rfile.readline()
+        remainbytes -= len(line)
+        if boundary not in line:
+            return (False, "Content NOT begin with boundary")
+        line = self.rfile.readline()
+        remainbytes -= len(line)
+        fn = re.findall(r'Content-Disposition.*name="file"; filename="(.*)"', line)
+        if not fn:
+            return (False, "Can't find out file name...")
+        path = self.translate_path(self.path)
+        fn = os.path.join(path, fn[0])
+        while os.path.exists(fn):
+            fn += "_"
+        line = self.rfile.readline()
+        remainbytes -= len(line)
+        line = self.rfile.readline()
+        remainbytes -= len(line)
+        try:
+            out = open(fn, 'wb')
+        except IOError:
+            return (False, "Can't create file to write, do you have permission to write?")
+
+        preline = self.rfile.readline()
+        remainbytes -= len(preline)
+        while remainbytes > 0:
+            line = self.rfile.readline()
+            remainbytes -= len(line)
+            if boundary in line:
+                preline = preline[0:-1]
+                if preline.endswith('\r'):
+                    preline = preline[0:-1]
+                out.write(preline)
+                out.close()
+                return (True, "File '%s' upload success!" % fn)
+            else:
+                out.write(preline)
+                preline = line
+        return (False, "Unexpect Ends of data.")
+
+    def send_head(self):
+        """Common code for GET and HEAD commands.
+
+        This sends the response code and MIME headers.
+
+        Return value is either a file object (which has to be copied
+        to the outputfile by the caller unless the command was HEAD,
+        and must be closed by the caller under all circumstances), or
+        None, in which case the caller has nothing further to do.
+
+        """
+        path = self.translate_path(self.path)
+        f = None
+        if os.path.isdir(path):
+            if not self.path.endswith('/'):
+                # redirect browser - doing basically what apache does
+                self.send_response(301)
+                self.send_header("Location", self.path + "/")
+                self.end_headers()
+                return None
+            for index in "index.html", "index.htm":
+                index = os.path.join(path, index)
+                if os.path.exists(index):
+                    path = index
+                    break
+            else:
+                return self.list_directory(path)
+        ctype = self.guess_type(path)
+        try:
+            # Always read in binary mode. Opening files in text mode may cause
+            # newline translations, making the actual size of the content
+            # transmitted *less* than the content-length!
+            f = open(path, 'rb')
+        except IOError:
+            self.send_error(404, "File not found")
+            return None
+        self.send_response(200)
+        self.send_header("Content-type", ctype)
+        fs = os.fstat(f.fileno())
+        self.send_header("Content-Length", str(fs[6]))
+        self.send_header("Last-Modified", self.date_time_string(fs.st_mtime))
+        self.end_headers()
+        return f
+
+    def list_directory(self, path):
+        """Helper to produce a directory listing (absent index.html).
+
+        Return value is either a file object, or None (indicating an
+        error).  In either case, the headers are sent, making the
+        interface the same as for send_head().
+
+        """
+        try:
+            list = os.listdir(path)
+        except os.error:
+            self.send_error(404, "No permission to list directory")
+            return None
+        list.sort(key=lambda a: a.lower())
+        f = StringIO()
+        displaypath = cgi.escape(urllib.unquote(self.path))
+        f.write('<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">')
+        f.write("<html>\n<title>Directory listing for %s</title>\n" % displaypath)
+        f.write("<body>\n<h2>Directory listing for %s</h2>\n" % displaypath)
+        f.write("<hr>\n")
+        f.write("<form ENCTYPE=\"multipart/form-data\" method=\"post\">")
+        f.write("<input name=\"file\" type=\"file\"/>")
+        f.write("<input type=\"submit\" value=\"upload\"/></form>\n")
+        f.write("<hr>\n<ul>\n")
+        for name in list:
+            fullname = os.path.join(path, name)
+            displayname = linkname = name
+            # Append / for directories or @ for symbolic links
+            if os.path.isdir(fullname):
+                displayname = name + "/"
+                linkname = name + "/"
+            if os.path.islink(fullname):
+                displayname = name + "@"
+                # Note: a link to a directory displays with @ and links with /
+            f.write('<li><a href="%s">%s</a>\n'
+                    % (urllib.quote(linkname), cgi.escape(displayname)))
+        f.write("</ul>\n<hr>\n</body>\n</html>\n")
+        length = f.tell()
+        f.seek(0)
+        self.send_response(200)
+        self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html")
+        self.send_header("Content-Length", str(length))
+        self.end_headers()
+        return f
+
+    def translate_path(self, path):
+        """Translate a /-separated PATH to the local filename syntax.
+
+        Components that mean special things to the local file system
+        (e.g. drive or directory names) are ignored.  (XXX They should
+        probably be diagnosed.)
+
+        """
+        # abandon query parameters
+        path = path.split('?', 1)[0]
+        path = path.split('#', 1)[0]
+        path = posixpath.normpath(urllib.unquote(path))
+        words = path.split('/')
+        words = filter(None, words)
+        path = os.getcwd()
+        for word in words:
+            drive, word = os.path.splitdrive(word)
+            head, word = os.path.split(word)
+            if word in (os.curdir, os.pardir):
+                continue
+            path = os.path.join(path, word)
+        return path
+
+    def copyfile(self, source, outputfile):
+        """Copy all data between two file objects.
+
+        The SOURCE argument is a file object open for reading
+        (or anything with a read() method) and the DESTINATION
+        argument is a file object open for writing (or
+        anything with a write() method).
+
+        The only reason for overriding this would be to change
+        the block size or perhaps to replace newlines by CRLF
+        -- note however that this the default server uses this
+        to copy binary data as well.
+
+        """
+        shutil.copyfileobj(source, outputfile)
+
+    def guess_type(self, path):
+        """Guess the type of a file.
+
+        Argument is a PATH (a filename).
+
+        Return value is a string of the form type/subtype,
+        usable for a MIME Content-type header.
+
+        The default implementation looks the file's extension
+        up in the table self.extensions_map, using application/octet-stream
+        as a default; however it would be permissible (if
+        slow) to look inside the data to make a better guess.
+
+        """
+
+        base, ext = posixpath.splitext(path)
+        if ext in self.extensions_map:
+            return self.extensions_map[ext]
+        ext = ext.lower()
+        if ext in self.extensions_map:
+            return self.extensions_map[ext]
+        else:
+            return self.extensions_map['']
+
+    if not mimetypes.inited:
+        mimetypes.init()  # try to read system mime.types
+    extensions_map = mimetypes.types_map.copy()
+    extensions_map.update({
+        '': 'application/octet-stream',  # Default
+        '.py': 'text/plain',
+        '.c': 'text/plain',
+        '.h': 'text/plain',
+        })
+
+
+def test(HandlerClass=SimpleHTTPRequestHandler,
+         ServerClass=BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer):
+    BaseHTTPServer.test(HandlerClass, ServerClass)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    test()
diff --git a/py2016/cleanup_pid.py b/py2016/cleanup_pid.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d32c09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/cleanup_pid.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+
+base_dir = '/tmp/pid_dir'
+pid_files = ['ut.pid', 'ft.pid']
+max_seconds = 48 * 3600
+
+
+def check_pid(pid):
+    """ Check For the existence of a unix pid. """
+    try:
+        os.kill(pid, 0)
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
+
+
+def get_elapsed_time(pid):
+    '''get the elapsed time of the process with this pid'''
+    cmd = 'ps -p %s -o pid,etime' % str(pid)
+    proc = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+    # get data from stdout
+    proc.wait()
+    results = proc.stdout.readlines()
+    # parse data (should only be one)
+    for result in results:
+        try:
+            result.strip()
+            if result.split()[0] == str(pid):
+                pidInfo = result.split()[1]
+                # stop after the first one we find
+                break
+        except IndexError:
+            pass    # ignore it
+    else:
+        # didn't find one
+        print "Process PID %s doesn't seem to exist!" % pid
+        return 0
+    pidInfo = [result.split()[1] for result in results
+               if result.split()[0] == str(pid)][0]
+    pidInfo = pidInfo.partition("-")
+    if pidInfo[1] == '-':
+        # there is a day
+        days = int(pidInfo[0])
+        rest = pidInfo[2].split(":")
+        hours = int(rest[0])
+        minutes = int(rest[1])
+        seconds = int(rest[2])
+    else:
+        days = 0
+        rest = pidInfo[0].split(":")
+        if len(rest) == 3:
+            hours = int(rest[0])
+            minutes = int(rest[1])
+            seconds = int(rest[2])
+        elif len(rest) == 2:
+            hours = 0
+            minutes = int(rest[0])
+            seconds = int(rest[1])
+        else:
+            hours = 0
+            minutes = 0
+            seconds = int(rest[0])
+
+    elapsed_time = days*24*3600 + hours*3600 + minutes*60 + seconds
+    return elapsed_time
+
+
+def remove_pid(pidfiles):
+    '''remove pid files if the process is not running.'''
+    for i in pidfiles:
+        filepath = '%s/%s' % (base_dir, i)
+        if os.path.exists(filepath):
+            del_flag = 0
+            with open(filepath) as f:
+                pid = f.read()
+                if not check_pid(int(pid)):
+                    print 'pid file: %s' % i
+                    print 'process does not exist with pid %s' % pid
+                    del_flag = 1
+                elif get_elapsed_time(pid) > max_seconds:
+                    print 'elapsed_time is greater than max_seconds'
+                    print 'tring to kill pid %s' % pid
+                    os.kill(int(pid), 9)
+                    del_flag = 1
+            if del_flag:
+                os.unlink(filepath)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    remove_pid(pid_files)
diff --git a/py2016/draw_a_tree_with_turtle.py b/py2016/draw_a_tree_with_turtle.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c43e0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/draw_a_tree_with_turtle.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+from turtle import Turtle
+import time
+
+
+def tree(tlist, l, a, f):
+    if l > 5:
+        lst = []
+        for t in tlist:
+            t.forward(l)
+            p = t.clone()
+            t.left(a)
+            p.right(a)
+            lst.append(t)
+            lst.append(p)
+            time.sleep(1)
+        tree(lst, l*f, a, f)
+
+
+def main():
+    t = Turtle()
+    t.color('green')
+    t.pensize(5)
+    #t.hideturtle()
+    #t.speed(1)
+    t.getscreen().tracer(30, 0)
+    t.left(90)
+    t.penup()
+    t.goto(0, -200)
+    t.pendown()
+    tree([t], 150, 60, 0.6)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/py2016/for_else.py b/py2016/for_else.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1117d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/for_else.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# test how to use for-else / while-else clause.
+# else sub-clause will be executed when there's no break/return/exception in the
+# iteration.
+
+list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+list2 = [4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
+
+for i in list1:
+    if i > 5:
+        print 'item is larger than 5; the index in list1 is %d' % list1.index(i)
+        break
+else:
+    print 'No item in list1 is larger than 5.'
+
+for i in list2:
+    if i > 5:
+        print 'item is larger than 5; the index in list2 is %d' % list2.index(i)
+        break
+else:
+    print 'No item in list2 is larger than 5.'
+
+
+i = 0
+while i < 10:
+    if i > 5:
+        print '%d is larger than 5' % i
+        break
+    i += 1
+else:
+    print 'No one is larger than 5'
diff --git a/py2016/randomMAC.py b/py2016/randomMAC.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4243c00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/randomMAC.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# *-* coding:utf-8 *-*
+
+import random
+
+
+def randomMAC():
+    '''
+    generate random MAC address.
+    the first 24 bits are for OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier).
+    OUI是由IEEE的注册管理机构给不同厂家分配的代码，区分了不同的厂家。
+    '''
+    mac = [0x00, 0x8c, 0xfa,
+           random.randint(0x00, 0xff),
+           random.randint(0x00, 0xff),
+           random.randint(0x00, 0xff)
+           ]
+    return ':'.join(map(lambda x: "%02x" % x, mac))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print randomMAC()
diff --git a/py2016/rpmdb.py b/py2016/rpmdb.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56ba747
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/rpmdb.py
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# (c) 2016, Jay <smile665@gmail.com>
+#
+# This file is part of Ansible
+#
+# Ansible is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Ansible is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with Ansible.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+import os
+import syslog
+import subprocess
+import time
+
+DOCUMENTATION = '''
+---
+module: rpmdb
+short_description: Manages the rpm database.
+description:
+  - Check and rebuild the rpm database.
+version_added: "2.0"
+options:
+  action:
+    choices: [ "check", "rebuild" ]
+    description:
+      - The action name.
+      - check: only check if rpm db is OK or not.
+      - rebuild: rebuild rpm db if it is NOT OK.
+    required: false
+    default: check
+  timeout:
+    description:
+      - The TIMEOUT seconds when checking rpm db.
+    required: false
+    default: 10
+notes: []
+requirements: [ rpm, rm ]
+author: Jay <smile665@gmail.com>
+'''
+
+EXAMPLES = '''
+- rpmdb: action=check
+- rpmdb: action=rebuild
+'''
+
+# ==============================================================
+
+
+RPMBIN = '/bin/rpm'
+
+
+def log(msg):
+    syslog.openlog('ansible-%s' % os.path.basename(__file__))
+    syslog.syslog(syslog.LOG_NOTICE, msg)
+
+
+def execute_command(module, cmd):
+    log('Command %s' % '|'.join(cmd))
+    return module.run_command(cmd)
+
+
+def check_db(module, timeout=10):
+    rc = 0
+    logfile = '/tmp/rpm-qa.log'
+    elapsed_time = 0
+    cmd = '%s -qa &> %s' % (RPMBIN, logfile)
+    child = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True)
+    
+    while elapsed_time <= timeout:
+        child_ret = child.poll()
+        if child_ret is None:  # child still running
+            time.sleep(1)
+            elapsed_time += 1
+        elif child_ret == 0:
+            if 'error:' in open(logfile, 'r').read():
+                rc = 1
+                break
+            else:  # cmd is excuted with no error.
+                break
+        else:
+            rc = 2
+            break
+    if elapsed_time > timeout:
+        child.kill()
+        time.sleep(1)
+        rc = 3
+    return rc
+
+
+def rebuild_db(module):
+    rmdb_cmd = ['rm', '-f', '/var/lib/rpm/__db.*']
+    rc1, out1, err1 = execute_command(module, rmdb_cmd)
+    cmd = [RPMBIN, '--rebuilddb']
+    rc, out, err = execute_command(module, cmd)
+    return (rc == 0) and (rc1 == 0)
+
+
+# main
+def main():
+
+    # defining module
+    module = AnsibleModule(
+        argument_spec=dict(
+            action = dict(required=False, default='check', choices=['check', 'rebuild']),
+            timeout = dict(required=False, default=10, type='int')
+        )
+    )
+
+    changed = False
+    msg = ''
+    action = module.params['action']
+    timeout = module.params['timeout']
+    check_cmd = 'rpm -qa'
+
+    if action == 'check':
+        rc = check_db(module, timeout)
+        if rc == 1:
+            module.fail_json(msg='Error when running cmd: %s' % (check_cmd))
+        elif rc == 2:
+            module.fail_json(msg='return code error. cmd: %s' % (check_cmd))
+        elif rc == 3:
+            module.fail_json(msg='Timeout %d s. cmd: %s'      % (timeout, check_cmd))
+        elif rc == 0:
+            msg = 'OK. cmd: %s' % check_cmd
+            
+    elif action == 'rebuild':
+        rc = check_db(module, timeout)
+        if rc != 0:
+            if rebuild_db(module):
+                changed = True
+                msg = 'OK. rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db.00*; rpm --rebuilddb'
+            else:
+                msg = 'Error. rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db.00*; rpm --rebuilddb'
+                module.fail_json(msg=msg)
+
+    module.exit_json(
+        changed = changed,
+        action = action,
+        msg = msg
+    )
+
+# this is magic, see lib/ansible/executor/module_common.py
+#<<INCLUDE_ANSIBLE_MODULE_COMMON>>
+main()
diff --git a/py2016/selenium_capture_firefox.py b/py2016/selenium_capture_firefox.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fc2097
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/selenium_capture_firefox.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from selenium import webdriver
+import time
+
+
+def capture(url, img_file="test1.png"):
+    firefox = webdriver.Firefox()
+    firefox.set_window_size(1200, 900)
+    firefox.get(url)
+    firefox.execute_script("""
+        (function () {
+            var y = 0;
+            var step = 100;
+            window.scroll(0, 0);
+
+            function f() {
+                if (y < document.body.scrollHeight) {
+                    y += step;
+                    window.scroll(0, y);
+                    setTimeout(f, 50);
+                } else {
+                    window.scroll(0, 0);
+                    document.title += "scroll-done";
+                }
+            }
+
+            setTimeout(f, 1000);
+        })();
+    """)
+
+    for i in xrange(30):
+        if "scroll-done" in firefox.title:
+            break
+        time.sleep(1)
+
+    firefox.save_screenshot(img_file)
+    firefox.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    capture("http://www.taobao.com")
diff --git a/py2016/selenium_capture_safari.py b/py2016/selenium_capture_safari.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef365d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/selenium_capture_safari.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from selenium import webdriver
+import time
+
+
+def capture(url, img_file="test1.png"):
+    safari = webdriver.Safari()
+    safari.set_window_size(1200, 900)
+    safari.get(url)
+    safari.execute_script("""
+        (function () {
+            var y = 0;
+            var step = 100;
+            window.scroll(0, 0);
+
+            function f() {
+                if (y < document.body.scrollHeight) {
+                    y += step;
+                    window.scroll(0, y);
+                    setTimeout(f, 50);
+                } else {
+                    window.scroll(0, 0);
+                    document.title += "scroll-done";
+                }
+            }
+
+            setTimeout(f, 1000);
+        })();
+    """)
+
+    for i in xrange(30):
+        if "scroll-done" in safari.title:
+            break
+        time.sleep(1)
+
+    safari.save_screenshot(img_file)
+    safari.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    capture("http://smilejay.com/")
diff --git a/py2016/try_argparse.py b/py2016/try_argparse.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b59d25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/try_argparse.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+'''
+just have a try with argparse.
+e.g. python try_argparse.py -v -c 10
+'''
+import argparse
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+parser.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", help="increase output verbosity",
+                    action="store_true")
+parser.add_argument("-c", "--copy", help="use * copies")
+args = parser.parse_args()
+if args.verbose:
+    print "verbosity turned on"
+else:
+    print "No --verbose arg"
+if args.copy:
+    copies = int(args.copy)
+    for i in range(0, copies):
+        print '%d copy' % i
diff --git a/py2016/try_collections.py b/py2016/try_collections.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c9a940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/try_collections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+
+colors = ['red', 'green', 'white', 'red', 'blue', 'red']
+
+d = {}
+for c in colors:
+    if c not in d:
+        d[c] = 0
+    d[c] += 1
+print(d)
+
+d1 = {}
+for c in colors:
+    d1[c] = d1.get(c, 0) + 1
+print(d1)
+
+d2 = defaultdict(int)
+for c in colors:
+    d2[c] += 1
+print(d2)
+
+
+from collections import OrderedDict
+od = OrderedDict()
+od['z'] = 1
+od['y'] = 2
+od['x'] = 3
+print(od.keys()) # 按照插入的Key的顺序返回
+
+
+from collections import deque
+
+# 双端队列
+q = deque(['a', 'b', 'c'])
+q.append('x')
+q.appendleft('y')
+print(q)
+
+
+from collections import Counter
+c = Counter()
+for ch in 'helloworld':
+    c[ch] = c[ch] + 1
+print(c)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/py2016/try_docopt.py b/py2016/try_docopt.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcfa130
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/try_docopt.py
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+"""Just try docopt lib for python
+
+Usage:
+  try_docopt.py (-h | --help)
+  try_docopt.py [options]
+
+Examples:
+  try_docopt.py -s +ts5,-ts2 -c +tc5,-tc3
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help
+  -s, --testsuite suites    #add/remove some testsuites
+  -c, --testcase cases      #add/remove some testcases
+
+"""
+
+from docopt import docopt
+
+testsuites = ['ts1', 'ts2', 'ts3', 'ts4']
+testcases = ['tc1', 'tc2', 'tc3', 'tc4']
+
+
+def add_remove(tlist, opt_list):
+    '''
+    add/remove item in tlist.
+    opt_list is a list like ['+ts5', '-ts2'] or ['+tc5', '-tc3'].
+    '''
+    flag = 0
+    for i in opt_list:
+        i = i.strip()
+        if i.startswith('+'):
+            tlist.append(i[1:])
+        elif i.startswith('-'):
+            if i[1:] in tlist:
+                tlist.remove(i[1:])
+            else:
+                print 'bad argument: %s is not in %s' % (i[1:], tlist)
+                flag = 1
+        else:
+            print 'bad argument: %s' % i
+            flag = 1
+    if flag:
+        return flag
+    else:
+        return tlist
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    args = docopt(__doc__)
+    ts_arg = args.get('--testsuite')
+    tc_arg = args.get('--testcase')
+    if ts_arg:
+        ts_opt_list = ts_arg.strip().split(',')
+        testsuites = add_remove(testsuites, ts_opt_list)
+    if tc_arg:
+        tc_opt_list = tc_arg.strip().split(',')
+        testcases = add_remove(testcases, tc_opt_list)
+    if testsuites != 1 and testcases != 1:
+        print 'ts: %s' % testsuites
+        print 'tc: %s' % testcases
diff --git a/py2016/try_except_else_finally.py b/py2016/try_except_else_finally.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c1b798
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/try_except_else_finally.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+import math
+
+print '===================================='
+try:
+    math.sqrt(-1)
+except ValueError, e:
+    print 'ValueError: %s' % e
+except AttributeError, e:
+    print 'AttributeError: %s' % e
+except:
+    print 'Other Exception: %s' % e
+else:
+    print 'No error found'
+finally:
+    print 'Finally. #1\n'
+
+
+print '===================================='
+try:
+    None.get('a')
+except ValueError, e:
+    print 'ValueError: %s' % e
+except AttributeError, e:
+    print 'AttributeError: %s' % e
+except:
+    print 'Other Exception: %s' % e
+else:
+    print 'No error found'
+finally:
+    print 'Finally. #2\n'
+
+
+print '===================================='
+try:
+    1 + 1
+except ValueError, e:
+    print 'ValueError: %s' % e
+except AttributeError, e:
+    print 'AttributeError: %s' % e
+except:
+    print 'Other Exception: %s' % e
+else:
+    print 'No error found'
+finally:
+    print 'Finally. #3\n'
diff --git a/py2016/try_turtle.py b/py2016/try_turtle.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f3a095
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2016/try_turtle.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# *-* coding=utf-8 *-*
+import turtle
+import time
+#定义绘制时画笔的颜色
+turtle.color("purple")
+#定义绘制时画笔的线条的宽度
+turtle.pensize(5)
+#定义绘图的速度
+turtle.speed(10)
+#以0,0为起点进行绘制
+turtle.goto(0,0)
+#绘出正方形的四条边
+for i in range(4):
+    turtle.forward(100)
+    turtle.right(90)
+#画笔移动到点(-150,-120)时不绘图
+turtle.up()
+turtle.goto(-150,-120)
+#再次定义画笔颜色
+turtle.color("red")
+#在(-150,-120)点上打印"Done"
+turtle.write("Done")
+turtle.done()
+#time.sleep(10)
diff --git a/py2017/mutiprocessing_pool_return_value.py b/py2017/mutiprocessing_pool_return_value.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5584f80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2017/mutiprocessing_pool_return_value.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+from multiprocessing import Pool
+import os
+import time
+import random
+
+
+def exponent(name, x, y):
+    print 'Run task %s (%s)...' % (name, os.getpid())
+    start = time.time()
+    time.sleep(random.random() * 3)
+    end = time.time()
+    print 'Task %s runs %0.2f seconds.' % (name, (end - start))
+    return x**y
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print 'Parent process %s.' % os.getpid()
+    p = Pool(4)
+    results = [p.apply_async(exponent, args=(i, x, y))
+               for (i, x, y) in zip(range(10), range(10), range(10))]
+    print 'Waiting for all subprocesses done...'
+    p.close()
+    p.join()
+    print 'All subprocesses done.'
+    output = [r.get() for r in results]
+    print output
diff --git a/py2018/mean.py b/py2018/mean.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c64e7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2018/mean.py
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import numpy
+
+def mean(numbers):
+    ''' calculate the mean value of a number list '''
+    return float(sum(numbers)) / max(len(numbers), 1)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    list1 = [134, 134, 34.324, 34354, 11.2]
+    print mean(list1)
+    print numpy.mean(list1)
diff --git a/py2018/proc_start_time.py b/py2018/proc_start_time.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2833c06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2018/proc_start_time.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+'''
+get the start time of a process
+e.g. python proc_start_time.py -p 12345
+'''
+import argparse
+import psutil
+import os
+import time
+
+
+def get_start_time(pid):
+    ''' return the start time in human readable string '''
+    p = psutil.Process(int(pid))
+    return time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(p.create_time()))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument("-p", "--pid", help="PID of a process")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    if not args.pid:
+        args.pid = os.getpid()
+    print get_start_time(args.pid)
diff --git a/py2018/set_check_localtime.py b/py2018/set_check_localtime.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e0c776
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2018/set_check_localtime.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8
+
+import sys
+import time
+import subprocess
+import argparse
+import urllib2
+
+
+def set_beijing_time_from_web(url):
+    ''' set os and hardware clock as beijing time from internet '''
+    # use urllib2 in python2; not use requests which need installation
+    response = urllib2.urlopen(url)
+    #print response.read()
+    # 获取http头date部分
+    ts = response.headers['date']
+    # 将日期时间字符转化为time
+    gmt_time = time.strptime(ts[5:25], "%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S")
+    # 将GMT时间转换成北京时间
+    local_time = time.localtime(time.mktime(gmt_time) + 8*3600)
+    str1 = "%u-%02u-%02u" % (local_time.tm_year,
+                             local_time.tm_mon, local_time.tm_mday)
+    str2 = "%02u:%02u:%02u" % (
+        local_time.tm_hour, local_time.tm_min, local_time.tm_sec)
+    cmd = 'date -s "%s %s"' % (str1, str2)
+    #print cmd
+    subprocess.check_call(cmd, shell=True)
+    hw_cmd = 'hwclock -w'
+    #print hw_cmd
+    subprocess.check_call(hw_cmd, shell=True)
+    print 'OK. set time: %s' % ' '.join([str1, str2])
+
+
+def check_localtime_with_internet(url):
+    ''' check local time with internet '''
+    threshold = 2
+    # use urllib2 in python2; not use requests which need installation
+    response = urllib2.urlopen(url)
+    #print response.read()
+    # 获取http头date部分
+    ts = response.headers['date']
+    # 将日期时间字符转化为time
+    gmt_time = time.strptime(ts[5:25], "%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S")
+    # 将GMT时间转换成北京时间
+    internet_ts = time.mktime(gmt_time)
+    local_ts = time.mktime(time.gmtime())
+    if abs(local_ts - internet_ts) <= threshold:
+        print 'OK. check localtime.'
+    else:
+        print 'ERROR! local_ts: %s  internet_ts:%s' % (local_ts, internet_ts)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.description = 'set/check localtime (i.e. CST) with internet'
+    parser.add_argument('-c', '--check', action='store_true',
+                        help='only check local time')
+    parser.add_argument('-s', '--set', action='store_true',
+                        help='only set local time')
+    parser.add_argument('-u', '--url', default=url,
+                        help='the url to sync time')
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    if args.set:
+        set_beijing_time_from_web(args.url)
+    else:
+        check_localtime_with_internet(args.url)
diff --git a/py2018/try_glob.py b/py2018/try_glob.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..891cd39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2018/try_glob.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import os
+import time
+import glob
+
+
+def check_files():
+    ''' check files modified in an hour'''
+    program_list = ['qemu', 'libvirtd']
+    the_dir = '/tmp/'
+    time_delta = 3600
+    for i in program_list:
+        for j in glob.glob('%s/*%s*' % (the_dir, i)):
+            if os.path.getmtime(j) >= time.time() - time_delta:
+                print 'found file: %s' % j
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    check_files()
diff --git a/py2020/crawler_douban_movie.py b/py2020/crawler_douban_movie.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5133ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2020/crawler_douban_movie.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import time
+import asyncio
+import aiohttp
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+
+
+async def fetch_content(url):
+    default_header = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.14; rv:77.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/77.0"}
+    async with aiohttp.ClientSession(
+        headers=default_header, connector=aiohttp.TCPConnector(ssl=False)
+    ) as session:
+        async with session.get(url) as response:
+            return await response.text()
+
+
+async def main():
+    url = "https://movie.douban.com/cinema/later/hangzhou/"
+    init_page = await fetch_content(url)
+    init_soup = BeautifulSoup(init_page, 'lxml')
+
+    movie_names, urls_to_fetch, movie_dates = [], [], []
+
+    all_movies = init_soup.find('div', id="showing-soon")
+    for each_movie in all_movies.find_all('div', class_="item"):
+        all_a_tag = each_movie.find_all('a')
+        all_li_tag = each_movie.find_all('li')
+
+        movie_names.append(all_a_tag[1].text)
+        urls_to_fetch.append(all_a_tag[1]['href'])
+        movie_dates.append(all_li_tag[0].text)
+
+    tasks = [fetch_content(url) for url in urls_to_fetch]
+    pages = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
+
+    for movie_name, movie_date, page in zip(movie_names, movie_dates, pages):
+        soup_item = BeautifulSoup(page, 'lxml')
+        img_tag = soup_item.find('img')
+
+        print('{} {} {}'.format(movie_name, movie_date, img_tag['src']))
+
+
+if '__name__' == '__main__':
+    start = time.time()
+    print('start: {}'.format(start))
+    asyncio.run(main())
+    end = time.time()
+    print('end: {}'.format(end))
+    print('it took {} seconds.'.format(end - start))
diff --git a/py2020/test_decorator.py b/py2020/test_decorator.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c893d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2020/test_decorator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+from functools import wraps
+
+
+''' useful doc: https://www.runoob.com/w3cnote/python-func-decorators.html '''
+
+def logit(logfile='logit.log'):
+    def logging_decorator(func):
+        @wraps(func)
+        def wrapped_function(*args, **kwargs):
+            log_string = func.__name__ + " was called"
+            print(log_string)
+            with open(logfile, 'a') as opened_file:
+                opened_file.write(log_string + '\n')
+            return func(*args, **kwargs)
+        return wrapped_function
+    return logging_decorator
+
+
+@logit()
+def myfunc1():
+    pass
+
+
+@logit(logfile='func2.log')
+def myfunc2():
+    pass
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    myfunc1()
+    myfunc2()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/py2021/my_time_it.py b/py2021/my_time_it.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..828fcd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2021/my_time_it.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# *_* coding=utf-8 *_*
+
+import time
+import functools
+
+
+# 装饰器 用于打印函数执行耗时  性能分析很有用
+# 这是为python2 写的； python3中 不要使用time.clock()了
+# DeprecationWarning: time.clock has been deprecated in Python 3.3 and will be removed from Python 3.8: use time.perf_counter or time.process_time instead
+def time_it(func):
+    @functools.wraps(func)
+    def _wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        # start = time.clock()
+        start = time.time()
+        func(*args, **kwargs)
+        # end = time.clock()
+        end = time.time()
+        print("function %s() costs %s second(s)" % (func.__name__, end - start))
+    return _wrapper
+
+
+@time_it
+def test1(x, y):
+    time.sleep(1)
+    return x + y
+
+
+@time_it
+def test2(x, y):
+    time.sleep(3)
+    return x + y
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    test1(3, 5)
+    test2(3, 5)
diff --git a/py2021/test_gc.py b/py2021/test_gc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8c6c38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2021/test_gc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import os
+import gc
+import time
+import psutil
+
+
+def print_memory_info():
+    pid = os.getpid()
+    p = psutil.Process(pid)
+
+    info = p.memory_full_info()
+    MB = 1024 * 1024
+    memory = info.uss / MB
+    print('used %d MB' % memory)
+
+def test_func():
+    print("test start")
+    print_memory_info()
+    length = 1000 * 1000
+    list = [i for i in range(length)]
+    print_memory_info()
+
+def test1_func():
+    print("test1 start")
+    print_memory_info()
+    length = 1000 * 1000
+    list_a = [i for i in range(length)]
+    list_b = [i for i in range(length)]
+    list_a.append(list_b)
+    list_b.append(list_a)
+    print_memory_info()
+    return list
+
+
+test_func()
+print_memory_info()
+test1_func()
+print_memory_info()
+time.sleep(10)
+print_memory_info()
+gc.collect()
+print_memory_info()
diff --git a/py2022/remove_item_in_for_list.py b/py2022/remove_item_in_for_list.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f859037
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2022/remove_item_in_for_list.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 2]
+for i in list1:
+    if i == 2:
+        list1.remove(i)
+print(list1)
+
+
+# list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 2]
+# for i in range(len(list1)):
+#     if list1[i] == 2:
+#         list1.remove(list1[i])
+          # IndexError: list index out of range
+# print(list1)
+
+list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 2]
+list2 = list(filter(lambda x: x!=2, list1))
+print(list2)
+
+list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 2]
+list2 = [i for i in list1 if i!=2]
+print(list2)
+
+list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 2]
+for i in list1[:]:
+    if i == 2:
+        list1.remove(i)
+print(list1)
+
+import copy
+
+list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 2]
+# list2 = copy.copy(list1)
+list2 = copy.deepcopy(list1)
+for i in list1:
+    if i == 2:
+        list2.remove(i)
+print(list2)
+
+list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 2]
+while 2 in list1:
+    list1.remove(2)
+print(list1)
diff --git a/py2022/ssh_cmd.py b/py2022/ssh_cmd.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9015d17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2022/ssh_cmd.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# *_* coding=utf-8 *_*
+
+import paramiko
+
+hostname_list = ['192.168.1.2', '192.162.1.3']
+username = 'root'
+password = 'yourpassword'
+username = 'admin'
+password = ''
+port = 22
+
+
+hostname_list = []
+
+def get_hosts(h_file):
+    with open(h_file) as f:
+        for l in f.readlines():
+            hostname_list.append(l.strip())
+
+
+def exec_cmd(cmd):
+    ''' exec a cmd on a remote linux system '''
+    for h in hostname_list:
+        try:
+            client = paramiko.SSHClient()
+            client.load_system_host_keys()
+            client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.MissingHostKeyPolicy)
+            print('connecting: %s' % h)
+            client.connect(h, port=port, username=username, password=password,
+                           timeout=5)
+            # 多次执行命令 可复用同一个Channel
+            chan = client.get_transport().open_session()
+            print('exec cmd: %s' % cmd)
+            chan.exec_command(cmd)
+            print('exit code: %d' % chan.recv_exit_status())
+            if chan.recv_exit_status() == 0:
+                print('%s OK' % h)
+            else:
+                print('%s Error!' % h)
+            print(chan.recv(200).strip())
+            # stdin, stdout, stderr = client.exec_command(cmd)
+            # print(stdout.read().strip())
+            # print(stderr.read().strip())
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(e)
+        finally:
+            chan.close()
+            client.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    host_file = 'temp_test_ips'
+    get_hosts(host_file)
+    cmd = 'uptime'
+    cmd = 'echo $(date)>>/tmp/a; sleep 1; uptime; exit 1'
+    exec_cmd(cmd)
diff --git a/py2022/ssh_scp.py b/py2022/ssh_scp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73ba104
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2022/ssh_scp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# *_* coding=utf-8 *_*
+
+import paramiko
+
+hostname_list = ['192.168.1.2', '192.162.1.3']
+username = 'admin'
+password = 'yourpassword'
+port = 22
+
+
+hostname_list = []
+
+def get_hosts(h_file):
+    with open(h_file) as f:
+        for l in f.readlines():
+            hostname_list.append(l.strip())
+
+
+def send_file():
+    ''' send (or fetch) a file to (or from) a remote linux machine '''
+    src_1 = 'ssh_cmd.py'
+    dst_1 = '/tmp/ssh_cmd.py'
+    put_files = [(src_1, dst_1)]
+    for h in hostname_list:
+        try:
+            client = paramiko.SSHClient()
+            client.load_system_host_keys()
+            client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.MissingHostKeyPolicy)
+            print('connecting: %s' % h)
+            client.connect(h, port=port, username=username, password=password,
+                           timeout=5)
+            sftp = client.open_sftp()
+            for p in put_files:
+                print('src file: %s , dst file: %s' % (p[0], p[1]))
+                sftp.put(p[0], p[1])
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(e)
+        finally:
+            sftp.close()
+            client.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    host_file = 'temp_test_ips'
+    get_hosts(host_file)
+    send_file()
diff --git a/py2024/calculate_reserved_mem.py b/py2024/calculate_reserved_mem.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a682695
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py2024/calculate_reserved_mem.py
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+
+import re
+import sys
+from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, STDOUT
+
+
+def shell_rc_and_output(cmd):
+    ''' execute a shell command and get its return code and output (stdout/stderr) '''
+    p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT)
+    out = p.communicate()[0]
+    rc = p.returncode
+    if isinstance(out, bytes):
+        # out is a string
+        out = out.decode()
+    return rc, str(out)
+
+
+def parse_memory_line(line):
+    """
+    解析单行内存映射信息，并返回内存区域的起始和结束地址。
+    """
+    pattern = '.+\[mem (.+)-(.+)\].+'
+    match = re.search(pattern, line)
+    # print(match)
+    if match:
+        start = match.group(1)
+        end = match.group(2)
+        # print(match.group(1))
+        # print(match.group(2))
+        start = int(start, 16)
+        end = int(end, 16)
+        return start, end
+
+
+def calculate_reserved_memory(lines):
+    """
+    计算所有保留内存区域的总大小。
+    """
+    total_reserved_memory = 0
+    for line in lines:
+        if 'mem' in line and 'reserved' in line:
+            start, end = parse_memory_line(line)
+            # 计算内存区域的大小，并考虑包含结束地址
+            size = end - start + 1
+            total_reserved_memory += size
+    return total_reserved_memory
+
+
+def calculate_memory(lines):
+    """
+    计算所有内存区域的总大小。
+    """
+    total_memory = 0
+    for line in lines:
+        if 'mem' in line:
+            start, end = parse_memory_line(line)
+            # 计算内存区域的大小，并考虑包含结束地址
+            size = end - start + 1
+            total_memory += size
+    return total_memory
+
+
+def get_e820_mem_map():
+    """"
+    根据 dmesg -T 命令查看 e820表的信息, 返回一个列表。
+    """
+    # 返回如下这样格式的列表 (放在这里仅供代码调试用)
+    # memory_map = [
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009ffff] usable",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000005ad0efff] usable",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000005ad0f000-0x0000000060377fff] reserved",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000060378000-0x000000007fffefff] usable",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000007ffff000-0x000000007fffffff] reserved",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x00000000bf8eefff] usable",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bf8ef000-0x00000000bfb6efff] reserved",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bfb6f000-0x00000000bfb7efff] ACPI data",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bfb7f000-0x00000000bfbfefff] ACPI NVS",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bfbff000-0x00000000bff7bfff] usable",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bff7c000-0x00000000bfffffff] reserved",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000081fffffff] usable",
+    #     "BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000820000000-0x000000083fffffff] reserved"
+    # ]
+    # return memory_map
+    cmd = "dmesg -T | grep -Eio ' (bios-e820:.*mem .*)'"
+    rc, out = shell_rc_and_output(cmd)
+    if rc != 0:
+        print("Error! failed to run cmd: {}".format(cmd))
+        sys.exit(1)
+    else:
+        memory_map = out.split('\n')
+        return memory_map
+
+
+def print_reserved_ratio(total, reserved):
+    """
+    计算内存被reserved的比例, 并打印百分比
+    """
+    ratio = reserved / total
+    percentage = ratio * 100
+    print("memory reserved percentage: {:.2f}%".format(percentage))
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    # 获取BIOS-e820内存映射信息
+    mem_map = get_e820_mem_map()
+    # 计算总内存大小
+    total_memory = calculate_memory(mem_map)
+    total_mem_mb = total_memory / 1024 / 1024
+    print("Total memory: {:.0f} MB".format(total_mem_mb))
+    # 计算保留的内存大小
+    reserved_memory = calculate_reserved_memory(mem_map)
+    res_mem_mb = reserved_memory / 1024 / 1024
+    print("Total reserved memory: {:.0f} MB".format(res_mem_mb))
+    print_reserved_ratio(total_mem_mb, res_mem_mb)
diff --git a/utils/run_cmd.py b/utils/run_cmd.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d758e98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/run_cmd.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, STDOUT
+
+def shell_output(cmd):
+    ''' execute a shell command and get its output (stdout/stderr) '''
+    p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT)
+    return p.communicate()[0]
+
+
+def shell_rc_and_output(cmd):
+    ''' execute a shell command and get its return code and output (stdout/stderr) '''
+    p = Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT)
+    out = p.communicate()[0]
+    rc = p.returncode
+    return rc, out
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    cmd = 'ls -l'
+    print(shell_output(cmd))
+    rc, out = shell_rc_and_output(cmd)
+    print(rc)
+    print('rc: {}, out: {}'.format(rc, out))
diff --git a/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/Bjoern.wsgi b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/Bjoern.wsgi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3cb9b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/Bjoern.wsgi
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import bjoern
+from app import application
+
+bjoern.run(
+    wsgi_app=application,
+    host='0.0.0.0',
+    port=8000,
+    reuse_port=True
+)
diff --git a/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/CherryPy.wsgi b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/CherryPy.wsgi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..082feca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/CherryPy.wsgi
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import socket
+try:
+    from cheroot.wsgi import Server as WSGIServer
+except ImportError:
+    from cherrypy.wsgiserver import CherryPyWSGIServer as WSGIServer
+from app import application
+
+server = WSGIServer(
+    bind_addr=('0.0.0.0', 8100),
+    wsgi_app=application,
+    request_queue_size=500,
+    server_name=socket.gethostname()
+)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    try:
+        server.start()
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        pass
+    finally:
+        server.stop()
diff --git a/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/Gunicorn-meinheld.sh b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/Gunicorn-meinheld.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bef639f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/Gunicorn-meinheld.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -x
+PROCESSOR_COUNT=$(nproc)
+# This formula is recommended in the Gunicorn documentation
+# http://docs.gunicorn.org/en/stable/design.html#how-many-workers
+GUNICORN_WORKER_COUNT=$(( PROCESSOR_COUNT * 2 + 1 ))
+
+gunicorn -w ${GUNICORN_WORKER_COUNT} --worker-class="meinheld.gmeinheld.MeinheldWorker" -b 0.0.0.0:8400 app:application
diff --git a/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/Gunicorn.sh b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/Gunicorn.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1cd63a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/Gunicorn.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+set -x
+PROCESSOR_COUNT=$(nproc)
+# This formula is recommended in the Gunicorn documentation
+# http://docs.gunicorn.org/en/stable/design.html#how-many-workers
+GUNICORN_WORKER_COUNT=$(( PROCESSOR_COUNT * 2 + 1 ))
+
+gunicorn -w ${GUNICORN_WORKER_COUNT} -b 0.0.0.0:8200 app:application
diff --git a/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/app.py b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/app.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..697628e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+def application(environment, start_response):
+    """
+    The main WSGI Application. Doesn't really do anything
+    since we're benchmarking the servers, not this code :)
+    """
+
+    start_response(
+        '200 OK',  # Status
+        [('Content-type', 'text/plain'), ('Content-Length', '2')]  # Headers
+    )
+    return ['OK']
diff --git a/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/benchmark.sh b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/benchmark.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4b18c3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/benchmark.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+IP=192.168.122.140
+PORTS=(8000 8100 8200 8300 8400)
+CONNECTIONS=(100 500 1000 5000 10000)
+THREADS=8
+DURATION=30
+BASE=$1
+
+ulimit -n 10240
+
+
+function perf() {
+    echo "    Testing with $1 threads and $2 connections ..."
+    ./wrk --duration $DURATION --threads $1 --connections "$2" "http://$IP:$3" > "$3_$1_$2.log"
+}
+
+for connections in "${CONNECTIONS[@]}"; do
+    for port in "${PORTS[@]}"; do
+        perf "$THREADS" "$connections" "$port"
+        sleep 1
+    done
+done
diff --git a/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/uWSGI.sh b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/uWSGI.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a407b01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wsgi_benchmarking_2018/uWSGI.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# The official documentation doesn't have any word on this,
+# but this seems to be a common practice
+PROCESSOR_COUNT=$(nproc)
+THREAD_COUNT=2
+
+uwsgi --http :8300 --plugin python2 --wsgi-file app.py --processes "$PROCESSOR_COUNT" --threads "$THREAD_COUNT" --disable-logging