diff --git a/.azure-pipelines/ci-build.yml b/.azure-pipelines/ci-build.yml
index 8bef85221..d29a6192a 100644
--- a/.azure-pipelines/ci-build.yml
+++ b/.azure-pipelines/ci-build.yml
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ extends:
         - task: UseDotNet@2
           displayName: 'Use .NET 10'
           inputs:
-            version: 10.x
+            useGlobalJson: true
         
         # Install the nuget tool.
         - task: NuGetToolInstaller@1
@@ -79,6 +79,20 @@ extends:
             checkLatest: true
 
         # Build the Product project
+        - task: NuGetAuthenticate@1
+          displayName: 'Authenticate to Azure Artifacts'
+
+        - pwsh: |
+            @"
+            <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+            <configuration>
+              <packageSources>
+                <clear />
+                <add key="GraphDeveloperExperiences_Public" value="https://microsoftgraph.pkgs.visualstudio.com/0985d294-5762-4bc2-a565-161ef349ca3e/_packaging/GraphDeveloperExperiences_Public/nuget/v3/index.json" />
+              </packageSources>
+            </configuration>
+            "@ | Set-Content -Path "$(Build.SourcesDirectory)/nuget.config" -Encoding UTF8
+          displayName: 'Create nuget.config (central feed)'
         - task: DotNetCoreCLI@2
           displayName: 'build'
           inputs:
@@ -93,7 +107,7 @@ extends:
             projects: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\Microsoft.OpenApi.slnx'
             arguments: '--configuration $(BuildConfiguration) --no-build'
 
-        - task: EsrpCodeSigning@5
+        - task: EsrpCodeSigning@6
           displayName: 'ESRP CodeSigning binaries'
           inputs:
             ConnectedServiceName: 'Federated DevX ESRP Managed Identity Connection'
@@ -159,7 +173,7 @@ extends:
         - pwsh: dotnet pack $(Build.SourcesDirectory)/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.csproj -o $(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory) --configuration $(BuildConfiguration) --no-build --include-symbols --include-source /p:SymbolPackageFormat=snupkg
           displayName: 'pack Hidi'
          
-        - task: EsrpCodeSigning@5
+        - task: EsrpCodeSigning@6
           displayName: 'ESRP CodeSigning Nuget Packages'
           inputs:
             ConnectedServiceName: 'Federated DevX ESRP Managed Identity Connection'
@@ -198,7 +212,7 @@ extends:
           displayName: publish Hidi as executable
           inputs:
             command: 'publish'
-            arguments: -c Release --runtime win-x64 /p:PublishSingleFile=true /p:PackAsTool=false --self-contained --output $(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi
+            arguments: -c Release --runtime win-x64 -p:RestoreConfigFile=$(Build.SourcesDirectory)\nuget.config /p:PublishSingleFile=true /p:PackAsTool=false --self-contained --output $(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi
             projects: 'src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.csproj'
             publishWebProjects: False
             zipAfterPublish: false
diff --git a/.github/dependabot.yml b/.github/dependabot.yml
index 49c969ced..db2d8ebfb 100644
--- a/.github/dependabot.yml
+++ b/.github/dependabot.yml
@@ -1,35 +1,41 @@
 version: 2
 updates:
-  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
-    # default location of `.github/workflows`
-    directory: "/"
-    open-pull-requests-limit: 10
-    schedule:
-      interval: "daily"
-  - package-ecosystem: "nuget"
-    # location of package manifests
-    directory: "/"
-    open-pull-requests-limit: 10
-    schedule:
-      interval: "daily"
-    groups:
-      MicrosoftExtensions:
-        patterns:
-          - "Microsoft.Extensions.*"
-      coverlet:
-        patterns:
-          - "coverlet.*"
-  - package-ecosystem: dotnet-sdk
-    directory: /
-    schedule:
-      interval: "daily"
-    ignore:
-      - dependency-name: '*'
-        update-types:
-          - version-update:semver-major
-          - version-update:semver-minor
-  - package-ecosystem: "devcontainers"
-    directory: "/"
-    open-pull-requests-limit: 10
-    schedule:
-      interval: "daily"
+- package-ecosystem: github-actions
+  directory: /
+  open-pull-requests-limit: 10
+  schedule:
+    interval: daily
+  cooldown:
+    default-days: 7
+- package-ecosystem: nuget
+  directory: /
+  open-pull-requests-limit: 10
+  schedule:
+    interval: daily
+  groups:
+    MicrosoftExtensions:
+      patterns:
+      - Microsoft.Extensions.*
+    coverlet:
+      patterns:
+      - coverlet.*
+  cooldown:
+    default-days: 7
+- package-ecosystem: dotnet-sdk
+  directory: /
+  schedule:
+    interval: daily
+  ignore:
+  - dependency-name: '*'
+    update-types:
+    - version-update:semver-major
+    - version-update:semver-minor
+  cooldown:
+    default-days: 7
+- package-ecosystem: devcontainers
+  directory: /
+  open-pull-requests-limit: 10
+  schedule:
+    interval: daily
+  cooldown:
+    default-days: 7
diff --git a/.github/workflows/auto-merge-dependabot.yml b/.github/workflows/auto-merge-dependabot.yml
index 9d9039433..a3343774e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/auto-merge-dependabot.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/auto-merge-dependabot.yml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Dependabot metadata
         id: metadata
-        uses: dependabot/fetch-metadata@v3.1.0
+        uses: dependabot/fetch-metadata@25dd0e34f4fe68f24cc83900b1fe3fe149efef98 # v3.1.0
         with:
           github-token: "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-cd.yml b/.github/workflows/ci-cd.yml
index d91c08ad5..13136e298 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-cd.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-cd.yml
@@ -18,18 +18,18 @@ jobs:
       GITHUB_RUN_NUMBER: ${{ github.run_number }}
     steps:
       - name: Setup .NET 8
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 8.x
 
       - name: Setup .NET 10
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 10.x
 
       - name: Checkout repository
         id: checkout_repo
-        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
         with:
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha || github.sha }}
           token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Upload coverage report
         if: (github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository && github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]') || (github.event_name != 'pull_request' && github.ref_name == github.event.repository.default_branch)
-        uses: actions/upload-code-coverage@v1
+        uses: actions/upload-code-coverage@d8e329117199404bba6fc81efe8093dc7c015e34 # v1.4.2
         with:
           file: ./reports/coverage/Cobertura.xml
           language: CSharp
           label: code-coverage/dotnet
 
       - name: Upload coverage artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
         with:
           name: coverage
           path: reports/coverage
@@ -80,15 +80,15 @@ jobs:
     name: Validate Project for Trimming
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
 
       - name: Setup .NET 8
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 8.x
 
       - name: Setup .NET 10
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 10.x
 
@@ -102,15 +102,15 @@ jobs:
     needs: [ci]
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
 
       - name: Setup .NET 8
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 8.x
 
       - name: Setup .NET 10
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 10.x
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ jobs:
         working-directory: ./performance/benchmark
 
       - name: Publish benchmark results
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
         with:
           if-no-files-found: error
           name: benchmark-results
diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 4f5ad9d47..197069982 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -20,21 +20,21 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
         id: checkout_repo
-        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
 
       - name: Setup .NET 8
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 8.0.x
 
       - name: Setup .NET 10
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 10.0.x
 
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
         id: init_codeql
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v4
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@5595ccaf912efad79be6eef63a5619ff05969be3 # v4.37.6
         with:
           queries: security-and-quality
 
@@ -54,6 +54,6 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
         id: analyze_codeql
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v4
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@5595ccaf912efad79be6eef63a5619ff05969be3 # v4.37.6
 
 # Built with ❤ by [Pipeline Foundation](https://pipeline.foundation)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.github/workflows/promote-shipped-apis.yml b/.github/workflows/promote-shipped-apis.yml
index b3c7e8b6d..ea0cd692e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/promote-shipped-apis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/promote-shipped-apis.yml
@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Generate GitHub App token
         id: app-token
-        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v3
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@bcd2ba49218906704ab6c1aa796996da409d3eb1 # v3.2.0
         with:
           client-id: ${{ vars.RELEASE_PLEASE_TOKEN_PROVIDER_APP_ID }}
           private-key: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_PLEASE_TOKEN_PROVIDER_PEM }}
 
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-please-gha.yml b/.github/workflows/release-please-gha.yml
index 48e87c4b5..74a6233fb 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-please-gha.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-please-gha.yml
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
     if: needs.check-secret.outputs.has-token == 'true'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
 
       - name: Validate PublicAPI.Unshipped.txt files are empty
         shell: pwsh
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Generate GitHub App token
         id: app-token
-        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@v3
+        uses: actions/create-github-app-token@bcd2ba49218906704ab6c1aa796996da409d3eb1 # v3.2.0
         with:
           client-id: ${{ vars.RELEASE_PLEASE_TOKEN_PROVIDER_APP_ID }}
           private-key: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_PLEASE_TOKEN_PROVIDER_PEM }}
 
       - name: Release Please
-        uses: googleapis/release-please-action@v5
+        uses: googleapis/release-please-action@45996ed1f6d02564a971a2fa1b5860e934307cf7 # v5.0.0
         with:
           token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
           config-file: release-please-config.json
diff --git a/.github/workflows/sonarcloud.yml b/.github/workflows/sonarcloud.yml
index abac4ef81..d0ec5d462 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/sonarcloud.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/sonarcloud.yml
@@ -35,23 +35,23 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
       - name: Set up JDK 17
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-java@b6effb05e454b25005698d916606bdc6ffcbf961 # v5.7.0
         with:
           distribution: 'adopt'
           java-version: 17
       - name: Setup .NET 8
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 8.0.x
       - name: Setup .NET 10
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6.0.0
         with:
           dotnet-version: 10.0.x
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0  # Shallow clones should be disabled for a better relevancy of analysis
       - name: Cache SonarCloud packages
-        uses: actions/cache@v6
+        uses: actions/cache@55cc8345863c7cc4c66a329aec7e433d2d1c52a9 # v6.1.0
         with:
           path: ~/.sonar/cache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-sonar
diff --git a/.release-please-manifest.json b/.release-please-manifest.json
index 9127b1bd5..f7929cb4c 100644
--- a/.release-please-manifest.json
+++ b/.release-please-manifest.json
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {
-  ".": "3.9.0"
+  ".": "3.10.2"
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.vscode/settings.json b/.vscode/settings.json
index 186b10bea..619467ff3 100644
--- a/.vscode/settings.json
+++ b/.vscode/settings.json
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
     },
     "cSpell.words": [
         "csdl",
-        "Hidi"
+        "Hidi",
+        "Xunit"
     ]
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 558c2a93f..0077ae140 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,32 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## [3.10.2](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/compare/v3.10.1...v3.10.2) (2026-08-20)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* duplicate schema example when serializing to v2 ([#3045](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/issues/3045)) ([50f5a2b](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/commit/50f5a2bb119089bb48987494d906cb1a95cddbd1))
+
+## [3.10.1](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/compare/v3.10.0...v3.10.1) (2026-08-19)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* circular ref guard ([#3033](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/issues/3033)) ([8018d40](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/commit/8018d40aac5fc6ed5e022e6203ee917ecf36472c))
+* harden yaml parsing ([#3027](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/issues/3027)) ([e0d5e9d](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/commit/e0d5e9d105ad1a7b29ff6c628793614f5610f048))
+
+## [3.10.0](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/compare/v3.9.0...v3.10.0) (2026-08-11)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* do not ignore multiple types when serializing to 3.0 ([#2960](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/issues/2960)) ([ebaf27a](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/commit/ebaf27ac46f8820e7b817cc33e693632c2fc908a))
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* bound YAML anchor/alias expansion to prevent OOM (billion laughs) ([#3000](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/issues/3000)) ([2179326](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/commit/21793261d6860fb6e607b71fd95c0bd320724764))
+
 ## [3.9.0](https://github.com/microsoft/OpenAPI.NET/compare/v3.8.0...v3.9.0) (2026-07-15)
 
 
diff --git a/Directory.Build.props b/Directory.Build.props
index aec9507b2..da0a45c5d 100644
--- a/Directory.Build.props
+++ b/Directory.Build.props
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
     <PackageProjectUrl>https://github.com/Microsoft/OpenAPI.NET</PackageProjectUrl>
     <Copyright>© Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.</Copyright>
     <PackageTags>OpenAPI .NET</PackageTags>
-    <Version>3.9.0</Version>
+    <Version>3.10.2</Version>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <!-- https://github.com/clairernovotny/DeterministicBuilds#deterministic-builds -->
   <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(TF_BUILD)' == 'true'">
       <ContinuousIntegrationBuild>true</ContinuousIntegrationBuild>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Condition="!$(MSBuildProjectName.EndsWith('Tests'))" Include="Microsoft.SourceLink.GitHub" Version="10.0.301" PrivateAssets="All"/>
+    <PackageReference Condition="!$(MSBuildProjectName.EndsWith('Tests'))" Include="Microsoft.SourceLink.GitHub" Version="10.0.400" PrivateAssets="All"/>
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
index 25f1ec589..46cb00637 100644
--- a/Dockerfile
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:8.0 AS build-env
+FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:10.0 AS build-env
 WORKDIR /app
 
 COPY ./src ./hidi/src
diff --git a/global.json b/global.json
index d0c1ec64c..151193853 100644
--- a/global.json
+++ b/global.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
   "sdk": {
-    "version": "10.0.302"
+    "version": "10.0.400"
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report-github.md b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report-github.md
index 2abba8670..95726f79a 100644
--- a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report-github.md
+++ b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report-github.md
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 
 BenchmarkDotNet v0.15.8, Linux Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS (Noble Numbat)
 AMD EPYC 7763 2.45GHz, 1 CPU, 4 logical and 2 physical cores
-.NET SDK 10.0.301
-  [Host]   : .NET 8.0.28 (8.0.28, 8.0.2826.26413), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
-  ShortRun : .NET 8.0.28 (8.0.28, 8.0.2826.26413), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
+.NET SDK 10.0.400
+  [Host]   : .NET 8.0.30 (8.0.30, 8.0.3026.36720), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
+  ShortRun : .NET 8.0.30 (8.0.30, 8.0.3026.36720), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
 
 Job=ShortRun  IterationCount=3  LaunchCount=1  
 WarmupCount=3  
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ WarmupCount=3
 ```
 | Method       | Mean           | Error         | StdDev       | Gen0       | Gen1       | Gen2      | Allocated    |
 |------------- |---------------:|--------------:|-------------:|-----------:|-----------:|----------:|-------------:|
-| PetStoreYaml |       582.2 μs |     208.61 μs |     11.43 μs |    19.5313 |     3.9063 |         - |    375.68 KB |
-| PetStoreJson |       252.3 μs |      29.46 μs |      1.61 μs |    11.7188 |     1.9531 |         - |    209.67 KB |
-| GHESYaml     | 1,005,560.1 μs | 211,112.24 μs | 11,571.77 μs | 22000.0000 | 18000.0000 | 3000.0000 | 311035.48 KB |
-| GHESJson     |   369,047.2 μs |  94,799.88 μs |  5,196.30 μs |  9000.0000 |  8000.0000 | 2000.0000 | 140644.21 KB |
-| GHESNextYaml | 1,241,432.6 μs | 106,390.00 μs |  5,831.60 μs | 34000.0000 | 19000.0000 | 3000.0000 | 513301.23 KB |
-| GHESNextJson |   626,499.0 μs |  70,802.74 μs |  3,880.94 μs | 22000.0000 | 10000.0000 | 2000.0000 | 345119.94 KB |
+| PetStoreYaml |       569.0 μs |     108.17 μs |      5.93 μs |    19.5313 |          - |         - |     327.8 KB |
+| PetStoreJson |       250.8 μs |      20.85 μs |      1.14 μs |    11.7188 |     1.9531 |         - |    209.67 KB |
+| GHESYaml     |   831,169.7 μs | 217,393.05 μs | 11,916.05 μs | 18000.0000 | 10000.0000 | 2000.0000 |  267570.8 KB |
+| GHESJson     |   367,711.4 μs | 135,955.63 μs |  7,452.19 μs |  9000.0000 |  8000.0000 | 2000.0000 | 140917.06 KB |
+| GHESNextYaml | 1,040,243.2 μs | 167,595.29 μs |  9,186.46 μs | 30000.0000 | 11000.0000 | 2000.0000 | 469507.05 KB |
+| GHESNextJson |   615,173.6 μs | 143,051.39 μs |  7,841.13 μs | 22000.0000 | 10000.0000 | 2000.0000 | 345247.91 KB |
diff --git a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.csv b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.csv
index 316be68f2..bb632a223 100644
--- a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.csv
+++ b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.csv
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 Method,Job,AnalyzeLaunchVariance,EvaluateOverhead,MaxAbsoluteError,MaxRelativeError,MinInvokeCount,MinIterationTime,OutlierMode,Affinity,EnvironmentVariables,Jit,LargeAddressAware,Platform,PowerPlanMode,Runtime,AllowVeryLargeObjects,Concurrent,CpuGroups,Force,HeapAffinitizeMask,HeapCount,NoAffinitize,RetainVm,Server,Arguments,BuildConfiguration,Clock,EngineFactory,NuGetReferences,Toolchain,IsMutator,InvocationCount,IterationCount,IterationTime,LaunchCount,MaxIterationCount,MaxWarmupIterationCount,MemoryRandomization,MinIterationCount,MinWarmupIterationCount,RunStrategy,UnrollFactor,WarmupCount,Mean,Error,StdDev,Gen0,Gen1,Gen2,Allocated
-PetStoreYaml,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,582.2 μs,208.61 μs,11.43 μs,19.5313,3.9063,0.0000,375.68 KB
-PetStoreJson,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,252.3 μs,29.46 μs,1.61 μs,11.7188,1.9531,0.0000,209.67 KB
-GHESYaml,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"1,005,560.1 μs","211,112.24 μs","11,571.77 μs",22000.0000,18000.0000,3000.0000,311035.48 KB
-GHESJson,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"369,047.2 μs","94,799.88 μs","5,196.30 μs",9000.0000,8000.0000,2000.0000,140644.21 KB
-GHESNextYaml,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"1,241,432.6 μs","106,390.00 μs","5,831.60 μs",34000.0000,19000.0000,3000.0000,513301.23 KB
-GHESNextJson,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"626,499.0 μs","70,802.74 μs","3,880.94 μs",22000.0000,10000.0000,2000.0000,345119.94 KB
+PetStoreYaml,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,569.0 μs,108.17 μs,5.93 μs,19.5313,0.0000,0.0000,327.8 KB
+PetStoreJson,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,250.8 μs,20.85 μs,1.14 μs,11.7188,1.9531,0.0000,209.67 KB
+GHESYaml,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"831,169.7 μs","217,393.05 μs","11,916.05 μs",18000.0000,10000.0000,2000.0000,267570.8 KB
+GHESJson,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"367,711.4 μs","135,955.63 μs","7,452.19 μs",9000.0000,8000.0000,2000.0000,140917.06 KB
+GHESNextYaml,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"1,040,243.2 μs","167,595.29 μs","9,186.46 μs",30000.0000,11000.0000,2000.0000,469507.05 KB
+GHESNextJson,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"615,173.6 μs","143,051.39 μs","7,841.13 μs",22000.0000,10000.0000,2000.0000,345247.91 KB
diff --git a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.html b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.html
index 95b1dadc6..c9feca148 100644
--- a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.html
+++ b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.html
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 <html lang='en'>
 <head>
 <meta charset='utf-8' />
-<title>performance.Descriptions-20260714-121715</title>
+<title>performance.Descriptions-20260819-014451</title>
 
 <style type="text/css">
 	table { border-collapse: collapse; display: block; width: 100%; overflow: auto; }
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
 <pre><code>
 BenchmarkDotNet v0.15.8, Linux Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS (Noble Numbat)
 AMD EPYC 7763 2.45GHz, 1 CPU, 4 logical and 2 physical cores
-.NET SDK 10.0.301
-  [Host]   : .NET 8.0.28 (8.0.28, 8.0.2826.26413), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
-  ShortRun : .NET 8.0.28 (8.0.28, 8.0.2826.26413), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
+.NET SDK 10.0.400
+  [Host]   : .NET 8.0.30 (8.0.30, 8.0.3026.36720), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
+  ShortRun : .NET 8.0.30 (8.0.30, 8.0.3026.36720), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
 </code></pre>
 <pre><code>Job=ShortRun  IterationCount=3  LaunchCount=1  
 WarmupCount=3  
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@
 <table>
 <thead><tr><th>Method</th><th>Mean    </th><th>Error  </th><th>StdDev</th><th>Gen0</th><th>Gen1</th><th>Gen2</th><th>Allocated</th>
 </tr>
-</thead><tbody><tr><td>PetStoreYaml</td><td>582.2 &mu;s</td><td>208.61 &mu;s</td><td>11.43 &mu;s</td><td>19.5313</td><td>3.9063</td><td>-</td><td>375.68 KB</td>
-</tr><tr><td>PetStoreJson</td><td>252.3 &mu;s</td><td>29.46 &mu;s</td><td>1.61 &mu;s</td><td>11.7188</td><td>1.9531</td><td>-</td><td>209.67 KB</td>
-</tr><tr><td>GHESYaml</td><td>1,005,560.1 &mu;s</td><td>211,112.24 &mu;s</td><td>11,571.77 &mu;s</td><td>22000.0000</td><td>18000.0000</td><td>3000.0000</td><td>311035.48 KB</td>
-</tr><tr><td>GHESJson</td><td>369,047.2 &mu;s</td><td>94,799.88 &mu;s</td><td>5,196.30 &mu;s</td><td>9000.0000</td><td>8000.0000</td><td>2000.0000</td><td>140644.21 KB</td>
-</tr><tr><td>GHESNextYaml</td><td>1,241,432.6 &mu;s</td><td>106,390.00 &mu;s</td><td>5,831.60 &mu;s</td><td>34000.0000</td><td>19000.0000</td><td>3000.0000</td><td>513301.23 KB</td>
-</tr><tr><td>GHESNextJson</td><td>626,499.0 &mu;s</td><td>70,802.74 &mu;s</td><td>3,880.94 &mu;s</td><td>22000.0000</td><td>10000.0000</td><td>2000.0000</td><td>345119.94 KB</td>
+</thead><tbody><tr><td>PetStoreYaml</td><td>569.0 &mu;s</td><td>108.17 &mu;s</td><td>5.93 &mu;s</td><td>19.5313</td><td>-</td><td>-</td><td>327.8 KB</td>
+</tr><tr><td>PetStoreJson</td><td>250.8 &mu;s</td><td>20.85 &mu;s</td><td>1.14 &mu;s</td><td>11.7188</td><td>1.9531</td><td>-</td><td>209.67 KB</td>
+</tr><tr><td>GHESYaml</td><td>831,169.7 &mu;s</td><td>217,393.05 &mu;s</td><td>11,916.05 &mu;s</td><td>18000.0000</td><td>10000.0000</td><td>2000.0000</td><td>267570.8 KB</td>
+</tr><tr><td>GHESJson</td><td>367,711.4 &mu;s</td><td>135,955.63 &mu;s</td><td>7,452.19 &mu;s</td><td>9000.0000</td><td>8000.0000</td><td>2000.0000</td><td>140917.06 KB</td>
+</tr><tr><td>GHESNextYaml</td><td>1,040,243.2 &mu;s</td><td>167,595.29 &mu;s</td><td>9,186.46 &mu;s</td><td>30000.0000</td><td>11000.0000</td><td>2000.0000</td><td>469507.05 KB</td>
+</tr><tr><td>GHESNextJson</td><td>615,173.6 &mu;s</td><td>143,051.39 &mu;s</td><td>7,841.13 &mu;s</td><td>22000.0000</td><td>10000.0000</td><td>2000.0000</td><td>345247.91 KB</td>
 </tr></tbody></table>
 </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.json b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.json
index 12c1bd17e..48a5ce542 100644
--- a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.json
+++ b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.Descriptions-report.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"Title":"performance.Descriptions-20260714-121715","HostEnvironmentInfo":{"BenchmarkDotNetCaption":"BenchmarkDotNet","BenchmarkDotNetVersion":"0.15.8","OsVersion":"Linux Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS (Noble Numbat)","ProcessorName":"AMD EPYC 7763","PhysicalProcessorCount":1,"PhysicalCoreCount":2,"LogicalCoreCount":4,"RuntimeVersion":".NET 8.0.28 (8.0.28, 8.0.2826.26413)","Architecture":"X64","HasAttachedDebugger":false,"HasRyuJit":true,"Configuration":"RELEASE","DotNetCliVersion":"10.0.301","ChronometerFrequency":{"Hertz":1000000000},"HardwareTimerKind":"Unknown"},"Benchmarks":[{"DisplayInfo":"Descriptions.PetStoreYaml: ShortRun(IterationCount=3, LaunchCount=1, WarmupCount=3)","Namespace":"performance","Type":"Descriptions","Method":"PetStoreYaml","MethodTitle":"PetStoreYaml","Parameters":"","FullName":"performance.Descriptions.PetStoreYaml","HardwareIntrinsics":"AVX2+BMI1+BMI2+F16C+FMA+LZCNT+MOVBE,AVX,SSE3+SSSE3+SSE4.1+SSE4.2+POPCNT,X86Base+SSE+SSE2,AES+PCLMUL VectorSize=256","Statistics":{"OriginalValues":[575480.2578125,575660.35546875,595374.65625],"N":3,"Min":575480.2578125,"LowerFence":560649.5078125,"Q1":575570.306640625,"Median":575660.35546875,"Mean":582171.7565104166,"Q3":585517.505859375,"UpperFence":600438.3046875,"Max":595374.65625,"InterquartileRange":9947.19921875,"LowerOutliers":[],"UpperOutliers":[],"AllOutliers":[],"StandardError":6601.654589105268,"Variance":130745529.94156393,"StandardDeviation":11434.401162350565,"Skewness":0.38479276105826615,"Kurtosis":0.6666666666666717,"ConfidenceInterval":{"N":3,"Mean":582171.7565104166,"StandardError":6601.654589105268,"Level":12,"Margin":208606.04281180067,"Lower":373565.71369861596,"Upper":790777.7993222172},"Percentiles":{"P0":575480.2578125,"P25":575570.306640625,"P50":575660.35546875,"P67":582363.217734375,"P80":587488.9359375,"P85":589460.366015625,"P90":591431.79609375,"P95":593403.226171875,"P100":595374.65625}},"Memory":{"Gen0Collections":5,"Gen1Collections":1,"Gen2Collections":0,"TotalOperations":256,"BytesAllocatedPerOperation":384693},"Measurements":[{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":205975},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":288819580},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":2,"Nanoseconds":6573491},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":3,"Nanoseconds":8990060},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":4,"Nanoseconds":11648728},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":4,"Operations":5,"Nanoseconds":15020488},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":5,"Operations":6,"Nanoseconds":17458956},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":6,"Operations":7,"Nanoseconds":20231096},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":7,"Operations":8,"Nanoseconds":23243046},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":8,"Operations":9,"Nanoseconds":26904605},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":9,"Operations":10,"Nanoseconds":28361092},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":10,"Operations":11,"Nanoseconds":35183648},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":11,"Operations":12,"Nanoseconds":34277537},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":12,"Operations":13,"Nanoseconds":38969269},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":13,"Operations":14,"Nanoseconds":40803912},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":14,"Operations":15,"Nanoseconds":42207569},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":15,"Operations":16,"Nanoseconds":45858961},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":16,"Operations":32,"Nanoseconds":96609235},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":17,"Operations":64,"Nanoseconds":189865113},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":18,"Operations":128,"Nanoseconds":457484855},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":19,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":849691251},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":247440122},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":165152994},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":150326827},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":147322946},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":147369051},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":152415912},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":147322946},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":147369051},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":152415912}],"Metrics":[{"Value":19.53125,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen0Collects","DisplayName":"Gen0","Legend":"GC 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VectorSize=256","Statistics":{"OriginalValues":[1031850117,1038822189,1050057430],"N":3,"Min":1031850117,"LowerFence":1021680668.25,"Q1":1035336153,"Median":1038822189,"Mean":1040243245.3333334,"Q3":1044439809.5,"UpperFence":1058095294.25,"Max":1050057430,"InterquartileRange":9103656.5,"LowerOutliers":[],"UpperOutliers":[],"AllOutliers":[],"StandardError":5303807.201651544,"Variance":84391112496872.33,"StandardDeviation":9186463.546810184,"Skewness":0.15098865470291933,"Kurtosis":0.6666666666666642,"ConfidenceInterval":{"N":3,"Mean":1040243245.3333334,"StandardError":5303807.201651544,"Level":12,"Margin":167595292.5497139,"Lower":872647952.7836194,"Upper":1207838537.8830473},"Percentiles":{"P0":1031850117,"P25":1035336153,"P50":1038822189,"P67":1042642170.94,"P80":1045563333.6,"P85":1046686857.7,"P90":1047810381.8,"P95":1048933905.9,"P100":1050057430}},"Memory":{"Gen0Collections":30,"Gen1Collections":11,"Gen2Collections":2,"TotalOperations":1,"BytesAllocatedPerOperation":480775224},"Measurements":[{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":199273},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1997780911},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":371},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1213954021},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1054320076},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1045325404},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1040428481},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1031850117},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1038822189},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1050057430},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1031850117},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1038822189},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1050057430}],"Metrics":[{"Value":30000,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen0Collects","DisplayName":"Gen0","Legend":"GC Generation 0 collects per 1000 operations","NumberFormat":"#0.0000","UnitType":0,"Unit":"Count","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":0}},{"Value":11000,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen1Collects","DisplayName":"Gen1","Legend":"GC Generation 1 collects per 1000 operations","NumberFormat":"#0.0000","UnitType":0,"Unit":"Count","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":1}},{"Value":2000,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen2Collects","DisplayName":"Gen2","Legend":"GC Generation 2 collects per 1000 operations","NumberFormat":"#0.0000","UnitType":0,"Unit":"Count","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":2}},{"Value":480775224,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Allocated Memory","DisplayName":"Allocated","Legend":"Allocated memory per single operation (managed only, inclusive, 1KB = 1024B)","NumberFormat":"0.##","UnitType":2,"Unit":"B","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":3}}]},{"DisplayInfo":"Descriptions.GHESNextJson: ShortRun(IterationCount=3, LaunchCount=1, WarmupCount=3)","Namespace":"performance","Type":"Descriptions","Method":"GHESNextJson","MethodTitle":"GHESNextJson","Parameters":"","FullName":"performance.Descriptions.GHESNextJson","HardwareIntrinsics":"AVX2+BMI1+BMI2+F16C+FMA+LZCNT+MOVBE,AVX,SSE3+SSSE3+SSE4.1+SSE4.2+POPCNT,X86Base+SSE+SSE2,AES+PCLMUL VectorSize=256","Statistics":{"OriginalValues":[622134550,616707443,606678947],"N":3,"Min":606678947,"LowerFence":600101492.75,"Q1":611693195,"Median":616707443,"Mean":615173646.6666666,"Q3":619420996.5,"UpperFence":631012698.75,"Max":622134550,"InterquartileRange":7727801.5,"LowerOutliers":[],"UpperOutliers":[],"AllOutliers":[],"StandardError":4527078.322623851,"Variance":61483314417512.336,"StandardDeviation":7841129.664628199,"Skewness":-0.1881245265347803,"Kurtosis":0.6666666666666629,"ConfidenceInterval":{"N":3,"Mean":615173646.6666666,"StandardError":4527078.322623851,"Level":12,"Margin":143051394.40953976,"Lower":472122252.25712687,"Upper":758225041.0762064},"Percentiles":{"P0":606678947,"P25":611693195,"P50":616707443,"P67":618552659.38,"P80":619963707.2,"P85":620506417.9,"P90":621049128.6,"P95":621591839.3000001,"P100":622134550}},"Memory":{"Gen0Collections":22,"Gen1Collections":10,"Gen2Collections":2,"TotalOperations":1,"BytesAllocatedPerOperation":353533864},"Measurements":[{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":214201},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1381429790},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":311},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":1103336699},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":641255058},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":618476409},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":613476192},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":622134550},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":616707443},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":606678947},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":622134550},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":616707443},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":606678947}],"Metrics":[{"Value":22000,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen0Collects","DisplayName":"Gen0","Legend":"GC Generation 0 collects per 1000 operations","NumberFormat":"#0.0000","UnitType":0,"Unit":"Count","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":0}},{"Value":10000,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen1Collects","DisplayName":"Gen1","Legend":"GC Generation 1 collects per 1000 operations","NumberFormat":"#0.0000","UnitType":0,"Unit":"Count","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":1}},{"Value":2000,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen2Collects","DisplayName":"Gen2","Legend":"GC Generation 2 collects per 1000 operations","NumberFormat":"#0.0000","UnitType":0,"Unit":"Count","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":2}},{"Value":353533864,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Allocated Memory","DisplayName":"Allocated","Legend":"Allocated memory per single operation (managed only, inclusive, 1KB = 1024B)","NumberFormat":"0.##","UnitType":2,"Unit":"B","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":3}}]}]}
diff --git a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report-github.md b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report-github.md
index f0c86aebb..e4cb97496 100644
--- a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report-github.md
+++ b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report-github.md
@@ -2,41 +2,41 @@
 
 BenchmarkDotNet v0.15.8, Linux Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS (Noble Numbat)
 AMD EPYC 7763 2.45GHz, 1 CPU, 4 logical and 2 physical cores
-.NET SDK 10.0.301
-  [Host]   : .NET 8.0.28 (8.0.28, 8.0.2826.26413), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
-  ShortRun : .NET 8.0.28 (8.0.28, 8.0.2826.26413), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
+.NET SDK 10.0.400
+  [Host]   : .NET 8.0.30 (8.0.30, 8.0.3026.36720), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
+  ShortRun : .NET 8.0.30 (8.0.30, 8.0.3026.36720), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
 
 Job=ShortRun  IterationCount=3  LaunchCount=1  
 WarmupCount=3  
 
 ```
-| Method                      | Mean         | Error       | StdDev     | Gen0   | Allocated |
-|---------------------------- |-------------:|------------:|-----------:|-------:|----------:|
-| EmptyApiCallback            |    13.559 ns |  18.4262 ns |  1.0100 ns | 0.0019 |      32 B |
-| EmptyApiComponents          |    16.536 ns |  46.6608 ns |  2.5576 ns | 0.0067 |     112 B |
-| EmptyApiContact             |    13.787 ns |  33.7542 ns |  1.8502 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
-| EmptyApiDiscriminator       |    10.289 ns |   7.6409 ns |  0.4188 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
-| EmptyDocument               | 1,212.262 ns | 228.0732 ns | 12.5015 ns | 0.0687 |    1160 B |
-| EmptyApiEncoding            |    16.019 ns |   8.9064 ns |  0.4882 ns | 0.0048 |      80 B |
-| EmptyApiExample             |     7.675 ns |   0.0519 ns |  0.0028 ns | 0.0043 |      72 B |
-| EmptyApiExternalDocs        |    11.095 ns |  17.5104 ns |  0.9598 ns | 0.0024 |      40 B |
-| EmptyApiHeader              |    12.965 ns |  15.0039 ns |  0.8224 ns | 0.0048 |      80 B |
-| EmptyApiInfo                |     9.089 ns |   2.0775 ns |  0.1139 ns | 0.0048 |      80 B |
-| EmptyApiLicense             |    15.303 ns |  25.4293 ns |  1.3939 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
-| EmptyApiLink                |    11.312 ns |   9.0124 ns |  0.4940 ns | 0.0043 |      72 B |
-| EmptyApiMediaType           |    13.833 ns |  20.3302 ns |  1.1144 ns | 0.0048 |      80 B |
-| EmptyApiOAuthFlow           |    10.090 ns |  17.9927 ns |  0.9862 ns | 0.0038 |      64 B |
-| EmptyApiOAuthFlows          |     8.289 ns |   5.9660 ns |  0.3270 ns | 0.0038 |      64 B |
-| EmptyApiOperation           |    77.781 ns |  16.9606 ns |  0.9297 ns | 0.0224 |     376 B |
-| EmptyApiParameter           |    15.831 ns |  20.4125 ns |  1.1189 ns | 0.0057 |      96 B |
-| EmptyApiPathItem            |    10.735 ns |   4.5651 ns |  0.2502 ns | 0.0038 |      64 B |
-| EmptyApiPaths               |    61.156 ns |  10.0591 ns |  0.5514 ns | 0.0148 |     248 B |
-| EmptyApiRequestBody         |    10.578 ns |  12.3590 ns |  0.6774 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
-| EmptyApiResponse            |    12.502 ns |   3.6616 ns |  0.2007 ns | 0.0038 |      64 B |
-| EmptyApiResponses           |    62.856 ns |  27.1422 ns |  1.4878 ns | 0.0148 |     248 B |
-| EmptyApiSchema              |    23.426 ns |   8.6128 ns |  0.4721 ns | 0.0306 |     512 B |
-| EmptyApiSecurityRequirement |    16.151 ns |  20.2796 ns |  1.1116 ns | 0.0062 |     104 B |
-| EmptyApiSecurityScheme      |    16.169 ns |  35.9051 ns |  1.9681 ns | 0.0062 |     104 B |
-| EmptyApiServer              |     8.241 ns |   7.0772 ns |  0.3879 ns | 0.0033 |      56 B |
-| EmptyApiServerVariable      |    13.641 ns |  52.1485 ns |  2.8584 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
-| EmptyApiTag                 |    12.151 ns |  25.0675 ns |  1.3740 ns | 0.0043 |      72 B |
+| Method                      | Mean         | Error     | StdDev    | Gen0   | Allocated |
+|---------------------------- |-------------:|----------:|----------:|-------:|----------:|
+| EmptyApiCallback            |    13.883 ns | 31.303 ns | 1.7158 ns | 0.0019 |      32 B |
+| EmptyApiComponents          |    11.486 ns |  8.012 ns | 0.4391 ns | 0.0067 |     112 B |
+| EmptyApiContact             |    12.119 ns | 29.862 ns | 1.6368 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
+| EmptyApiDiscriminator       |    14.477 ns | 16.530 ns | 0.9061 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
+| EmptyDocument               | 1,159.023 ns | 41.293 ns | 2.2634 ns | 0.0687 |    1160 B |
+| EmptyApiEncoding            |    14.032 ns | 13.067 ns | 0.7163 ns | 0.0048 |      80 B |
+| EmptyApiExample             |    14.136 ns |  9.627 ns | 0.5277 ns | 0.0043 |      72 B |
+| EmptyApiExternalDocs        |    13.615 ns |  5.768 ns | 0.3161 ns | 0.0024 |      40 B |
+| EmptyApiHeader              |    15.168 ns | 23.385 ns | 1.2818 ns | 0.0048 |      80 B |
+| EmptyApiInfo                |    11.988 ns |  8.455 ns | 0.4634 ns | 0.0048 |      80 B |
+| EmptyApiLicense             |    15.973 ns | 11.512 ns | 0.6310 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
+| EmptyApiLink                |    11.352 ns | 20.723 ns | 1.1359 ns | 0.0043 |      72 B |
+| EmptyApiMediaType           |    12.567 ns | 17.009 ns | 0.9323 ns | 0.0048 |      80 B |
+| EmptyApiOAuthFlow           |    15.797 ns | 20.149 ns | 1.1044 ns | 0.0038 |      64 B |
+| EmptyApiOAuthFlows          |    15.136 ns | 55.718 ns | 3.0541 ns | 0.0038 |      64 B |
+| EmptyApiOperation           |    80.422 ns | 10.276 ns | 0.5633 ns | 0.0224 |     376 B |
+| EmptyApiParameter           |    11.119 ns | 12.830 ns | 0.7032 ns | 0.0057 |      96 B |
+| EmptyApiPathItem            |    15.189 ns | 55.661 ns | 3.0510 ns | 0.0038 |      64 B |
+| EmptyApiPaths               |    68.082 ns | 11.260 ns | 0.6172 ns | 0.0148 |     248 B |
+| EmptyApiRequestBody         |    10.824 ns | 10.037 ns | 0.5501 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
+| EmptyApiResponse            |    14.045 ns | 39.447 ns | 2.1622 ns | 0.0038 |      64 B |
+| EmptyApiResponses           |    64.353 ns | 13.642 ns | 0.7478 ns | 0.0148 |     248 B |
+| EmptyApiSchema              |    25.053 ns |  3.922 ns | 0.2150 ns | 0.0306 |     512 B |
+| EmptyApiSecurityRequirement |    17.377 ns |  2.781 ns | 0.1524 ns | 0.0062 |     104 B |
+| EmptyApiSecurityScheme      |    10.360 ns |  1.932 ns | 0.1059 ns | 0.0062 |     104 B |
+| EmptyApiServer              |    15.258 ns | 20.720 ns | 1.1357 ns | 0.0033 |      56 B |
+| EmptyApiServerVariable      |     8.365 ns |  1.520 ns | 0.0833 ns | 0.0029 |      48 B |
+| EmptyApiTag                 |    14.267 ns | 10.334 ns | 0.5665 ns | 0.0043 |      72 B |
diff --git a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.csv b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.csv
index 3a26c88a8..b57c5db53 100644
--- a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.csv
+++ b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.csv
@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
 Method,Job,AnalyzeLaunchVariance,EvaluateOverhead,MaxAbsoluteError,MaxRelativeError,MinInvokeCount,MinIterationTime,OutlierMode,Affinity,EnvironmentVariables,Jit,LargeAddressAware,Platform,PowerPlanMode,Runtime,AllowVeryLargeObjects,Concurrent,CpuGroups,Force,HeapAffinitizeMask,HeapCount,NoAffinitize,RetainVm,Server,Arguments,BuildConfiguration,Clock,EngineFactory,NuGetReferences,Toolchain,IsMutator,InvocationCount,IterationCount,IterationTime,LaunchCount,MaxIterationCount,MaxWarmupIterationCount,MemoryRandomization,MinIterationCount,MinWarmupIterationCount,RunStrategy,UnrollFactor,WarmupCount,Mean,Error,StdDev,Gen0,Allocated
-EmptyApiCallback,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,13.559 ns,18.4262 ns,1.0100 ns,0.0019,32 B
-EmptyApiComponents,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,16.536 ns,46.6608 ns,2.5576 ns,0.0067,112 B
-EmptyApiContact,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,13.787 ns,33.7542 ns,1.8502 ns,0.0029,48 B
-EmptyApiDiscriminator,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,10.289 ns,7.6409 ns,0.4188 ns,0.0029,48 B
-EmptyDocument,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"1,212.262 ns",228.0732 ns,12.5015 ns,0.0687,1160 B
-EmptyApiEncoding,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,16.019 ns,8.9064 ns,0.4882 ns,0.0048,80 B
-EmptyApiExample,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,7.675 ns,0.0519 ns,0.0028 ns,0.0043,72 B
-EmptyApiExternalDocs,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,11.095 ns,17.5104 ns,0.9598 ns,0.0024,40 B
-EmptyApiHeader,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,12.965 ns,15.0039 ns,0.8224 ns,0.0048,80 B
-EmptyApiInfo,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,9.089 ns,2.0775 ns,0.1139 ns,0.0048,80 B
-EmptyApiLicense,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,15.303 ns,25.4293 ns,1.3939 ns,0.0029,48 B
-EmptyApiLink,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,11.312 ns,9.0124 ns,0.4940 ns,0.0043,72 B
-EmptyApiMediaType,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,13.833 ns,20.3302 ns,1.1144 ns,0.0048,80 B
-EmptyApiOAuthFlow,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,10.090 ns,17.9927 ns,0.9862 ns,0.0038,64 B
-EmptyApiOAuthFlows,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,8.289 ns,5.9660 ns,0.3270 ns,0.0038,64 B
-EmptyApiOperation,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,77.781 ns,16.9606 ns,0.9297 ns,0.0224,376 B
-EmptyApiParameter,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,15.831 ns,20.4125 ns,1.1189 ns,0.0057,96 B
-EmptyApiPathItem,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,10.735 ns,4.5651 ns,0.2502 ns,0.0038,64 B
-EmptyApiPaths,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,61.156 ns,10.0591 ns,0.5514 ns,0.0148,248 B
-EmptyApiRequestBody,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,10.578 ns,12.3590 ns,0.6774 ns,0.0029,48 B
-EmptyApiResponse,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,12.502 ns,3.6616 ns,0.2007 ns,0.0038,64 B
-EmptyApiResponses,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,62.856 ns,27.1422 ns,1.4878 ns,0.0148,248 B
-EmptyApiSchema,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,23.426 ns,8.6128 ns,0.4721 ns,0.0306,512 B
-EmptyApiSecurityRequirement,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,16.151 ns,20.2796 ns,1.1116 ns,0.0062,104 B
-EmptyApiSecurityScheme,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,16.169 ns,35.9051 ns,1.9681 ns,0.0062,104 B
-EmptyApiServer,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,8.241 ns,7.0772 ns,0.3879 ns,0.0033,56 B
-EmptyApiServerVariable,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,13.641 ns,52.1485 ns,2.8584 ns,0.0029,48 B
-EmptyApiTag,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,12.151 ns,25.0675 ns,1.3740 ns,0.0043,72 B
+EmptyApiCallback,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,13.883 ns,31.303 ns,1.7158 ns,0.0019,32 B
+EmptyApiComponents,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,11.486 ns,8.012 ns,0.4391 ns,0.0067,112 B
+EmptyApiContact,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,12.119 ns,29.862 ns,1.6368 ns,0.0029,48 B
+EmptyApiDiscriminator,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,14.477 ns,16.530 ns,0.9061 ns,0.0029,48 B
+EmptyDocument,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,"1,159.023 ns",41.293 ns,2.2634 ns,0.0687,1160 B
+EmptyApiEncoding,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,14.032 ns,13.067 ns,0.7163 ns,0.0048,80 B
+EmptyApiExample,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,14.136 ns,9.627 ns,0.5277 ns,0.0043,72 B
+EmptyApiExternalDocs,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,13.615 ns,5.768 ns,0.3161 ns,0.0024,40 B
+EmptyApiHeader,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,15.168 ns,23.385 ns,1.2818 ns,0.0048,80 B
+EmptyApiInfo,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,11.988 ns,8.455 ns,0.4634 ns,0.0048,80 B
+EmptyApiLicense,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,15.973 ns,11.512 ns,0.6310 ns,0.0029,48 B
+EmptyApiLink,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,11.352 ns,20.723 ns,1.1359 ns,0.0043,72 B
+EmptyApiMediaType,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,12.567 ns,17.009 ns,0.9323 ns,0.0048,80 B
+EmptyApiOAuthFlow,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,15.797 ns,20.149 ns,1.1044 ns,0.0038,64 B
+EmptyApiOAuthFlows,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,15.136 ns,55.718 ns,3.0541 ns,0.0038,64 B
+EmptyApiOperation,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,80.422 ns,10.276 ns,0.5633 ns,0.0224,376 B
+EmptyApiParameter,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,11.119 ns,12.830 ns,0.7032 ns,0.0057,96 B
+EmptyApiPathItem,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,15.189 ns,55.661 ns,3.0510 ns,0.0038,64 B
+EmptyApiPaths,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,68.082 ns,11.260 ns,0.6172 ns,0.0148,248 B
+EmptyApiRequestBody,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,10.824 ns,10.037 ns,0.5501 ns,0.0029,48 B
+EmptyApiResponse,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,14.045 ns,39.447 ns,2.1622 ns,0.0038,64 B
+EmptyApiResponses,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,64.353 ns,13.642 ns,0.7478 ns,0.0148,248 B
+EmptyApiSchema,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,25.053 ns,3.922 ns,0.2150 ns,0.0306,512 B
+EmptyApiSecurityRequirement,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,17.377 ns,2.781 ns,0.1524 ns,0.0062,104 B
+EmptyApiSecurityScheme,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,10.360 ns,1.932 ns,0.1059 ns,0.0062,104 B
+EmptyApiServer,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,15.258 ns,20.720 ns,1.1357 ns,0.0033,56 B
+EmptyApiServerVariable,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,8.365 ns,1.520 ns,0.0833 ns,0.0029,48 B
+EmptyApiTag,ShortRun,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,1111,Empty,RyuJit,Default,X64,8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c,.NET 8.0,False,True,False,True,Default,Default,False,False,False,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,3,Default,1,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,Default,16,3,14.267 ns,10.334 ns,0.5665 ns,0.0043,72 B
diff --git a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.html b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.html
index 41c9421d7..2a4d3ed49 100644
--- a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.html
+++ b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.html
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 <html lang='en'>
 <head>
 <meta charset='utf-8' />
-<title>performance.EmptyModels-20260714-121823</title>
+<title>performance.EmptyModels-20260819-014555</title>
 
 <style type="text/css">
 	table { border-collapse: collapse; display: block; width: 100%; overflow: auto; }
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
 <pre><code>
 BenchmarkDotNet v0.15.8, Linux Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS (Noble Numbat)
 AMD EPYC 7763 2.45GHz, 1 CPU, 4 logical and 2 physical cores
-.NET SDK 10.0.301
-  [Host]   : .NET 8.0.28 (8.0.28, 8.0.2826.26413), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
-  ShortRun : .NET 8.0.28 (8.0.28, 8.0.2826.26413), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
+.NET SDK 10.0.400
+  [Host]   : .NET 8.0.30 (8.0.30, 8.0.3026.36720), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
+  ShortRun : .NET 8.0.30 (8.0.30, 8.0.3026.36720), X64 RyuJIT x86-64-v3
 </code></pre>
 <pre><code>Job=ShortRun  IterationCount=3  LaunchCount=1  
 WarmupCount=3  
@@ -26,34 +26,34 @@
 <table>
 <thead><tr><th>Method               </th><th>Mean  </th><th>Error</th><th>StdDev</th><th>Gen0</th><th>Allocated</th>
 </tr>
-</thead><tbody><tr><td>EmptyApiCallback</td><td>13.559 ns</td><td>18.4262 ns</td><td>1.0100 ns</td><td>0.0019</td><td>32 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiComponents</td><td>16.536 ns</td><td>46.6608 ns</td><td>2.5576 ns</td><td>0.0067</td><td>112 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiContact</td><td>13.787 ns</td><td>33.7542 ns</td><td>1.8502 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiDiscriminator</td><td>10.289 ns</td><td>7.6409 ns</td><td>0.4188 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyDocument</td><td>1,212.262 ns</td><td>228.0732 ns</td><td>12.5015 ns</td><td>0.0687</td><td>1160 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiEncoding</td><td>16.019 ns</td><td>8.9064 ns</td><td>0.4882 ns</td><td>0.0048</td><td>80 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiExample</td><td>7.675 ns</td><td>0.0519 ns</td><td>0.0028 ns</td><td>0.0043</td><td>72 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiExternalDocs</td><td>11.095 ns</td><td>17.5104 ns</td><td>0.9598 ns</td><td>0.0024</td><td>40 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiHeader</td><td>12.965 ns</td><td>15.0039 ns</td><td>0.8224 ns</td><td>0.0048</td><td>80 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiInfo</td><td>9.089 ns</td><td>2.0775 ns</td><td>0.1139 ns</td><td>0.0048</td><td>80 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiLicense</td><td>15.303 ns</td><td>25.4293 ns</td><td>1.3939 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiLink</td><td>11.312 ns</td><td>9.0124 ns</td><td>0.4940 ns</td><td>0.0043</td><td>72 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiMediaType</td><td>13.833 ns</td><td>20.3302 ns</td><td>1.1144 ns</td><td>0.0048</td><td>80 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiOAuthFlow</td><td>10.090 ns</td><td>17.9927 ns</td><td>0.9862 ns</td><td>0.0038</td><td>64 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiOAuthFlows</td><td>8.289 ns</td><td>5.9660 ns</td><td>0.3270 ns</td><td>0.0038</td><td>64 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiOperation</td><td>77.781 ns</td><td>16.9606 ns</td><td>0.9297 ns</td><td>0.0224</td><td>376 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiParameter</td><td>15.831 ns</td><td>20.4125 ns</td><td>1.1189 ns</td><td>0.0057</td><td>96 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiPathItem</td><td>10.735 ns</td><td>4.5651 ns</td><td>0.2502 ns</td><td>0.0038</td><td>64 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiPaths</td><td>61.156 ns</td><td>10.0591 ns</td><td>0.5514 ns</td><td>0.0148</td><td>248 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiRequestBody</td><td>10.578 ns</td><td>12.3590 ns</td><td>0.6774 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiResponse</td><td>12.502 ns</td><td>3.6616 ns</td><td>0.2007 ns</td><td>0.0038</td><td>64 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiResponses</td><td>62.856 ns</td><td>27.1422 ns</td><td>1.4878 ns</td><td>0.0148</td><td>248 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiSchema</td><td>23.426 ns</td><td>8.6128 ns</td><td>0.4721 ns</td><td>0.0306</td><td>512 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiSecurityRequirement</td><td>16.151 ns</td><td>20.2796 ns</td><td>1.1116 ns</td><td>0.0062</td><td>104 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiSecurityScheme</td><td>16.169 ns</td><td>35.9051 ns</td><td>1.9681 ns</td><td>0.0062</td><td>104 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiServer</td><td>8.241 ns</td><td>7.0772 ns</td><td>0.3879 ns</td><td>0.0033</td><td>56 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiServerVariable</td><td>13.641 ns</td><td>52.1485 ns</td><td>2.8584 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
-</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiTag</td><td>12.151 ns</td><td>25.0675 ns</td><td>1.3740 ns</td><td>0.0043</td><td>72 B</td>
+</thead><tbody><tr><td>EmptyApiCallback</td><td>13.883 ns</td><td>31.303 ns</td><td>1.7158 ns</td><td>0.0019</td><td>32 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiComponents</td><td>11.486 ns</td><td>8.012 ns</td><td>0.4391 ns</td><td>0.0067</td><td>112 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiContact</td><td>12.119 ns</td><td>29.862 ns</td><td>1.6368 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiDiscriminator</td><td>14.477 ns</td><td>16.530 ns</td><td>0.9061 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyDocument</td><td>1,159.023 ns</td><td>41.293 ns</td><td>2.2634 ns</td><td>0.0687</td><td>1160 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiEncoding</td><td>14.032 ns</td><td>13.067 ns</td><td>0.7163 ns</td><td>0.0048</td><td>80 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiExample</td><td>14.136 ns</td><td>9.627 ns</td><td>0.5277 ns</td><td>0.0043</td><td>72 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiExternalDocs</td><td>13.615 ns</td><td>5.768 ns</td><td>0.3161 ns</td><td>0.0024</td><td>40 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiHeader</td><td>15.168 ns</td><td>23.385 ns</td><td>1.2818 ns</td><td>0.0048</td><td>80 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiInfo</td><td>11.988 ns</td><td>8.455 ns</td><td>0.4634 ns</td><td>0.0048</td><td>80 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiLicense</td><td>15.973 ns</td><td>11.512 ns</td><td>0.6310 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiLink</td><td>11.352 ns</td><td>20.723 ns</td><td>1.1359 ns</td><td>0.0043</td><td>72 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiMediaType</td><td>12.567 ns</td><td>17.009 ns</td><td>0.9323 ns</td><td>0.0048</td><td>80 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiOAuthFlow</td><td>15.797 ns</td><td>20.149 ns</td><td>1.1044 ns</td><td>0.0038</td><td>64 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiOAuthFlows</td><td>15.136 ns</td><td>55.718 ns</td><td>3.0541 ns</td><td>0.0038</td><td>64 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiOperation</td><td>80.422 ns</td><td>10.276 ns</td><td>0.5633 ns</td><td>0.0224</td><td>376 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiParameter</td><td>11.119 ns</td><td>12.830 ns</td><td>0.7032 ns</td><td>0.0057</td><td>96 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiPathItem</td><td>15.189 ns</td><td>55.661 ns</td><td>3.0510 ns</td><td>0.0038</td><td>64 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiPaths</td><td>68.082 ns</td><td>11.260 ns</td><td>0.6172 ns</td><td>0.0148</td><td>248 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiRequestBody</td><td>10.824 ns</td><td>10.037 ns</td><td>0.5501 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiResponse</td><td>14.045 ns</td><td>39.447 ns</td><td>2.1622 ns</td><td>0.0038</td><td>64 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiResponses</td><td>64.353 ns</td><td>13.642 ns</td><td>0.7478 ns</td><td>0.0148</td><td>248 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiSchema</td><td>25.053 ns</td><td>3.922 ns</td><td>0.2150 ns</td><td>0.0306</td><td>512 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiSecurityRequirement</td><td>17.377 ns</td><td>2.781 ns</td><td>0.1524 ns</td><td>0.0062</td><td>104 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiSecurityScheme</td><td>10.360 ns</td><td>1.932 ns</td><td>0.1059 ns</td><td>0.0062</td><td>104 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiServer</td><td>15.258 ns</td><td>20.720 ns</td><td>1.1357 ns</td><td>0.0033</td><td>56 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiServerVariable</td><td>8.365 ns</td><td>1.520 ns</td><td>0.0833 ns</td><td>0.0029</td><td>48 B</td>
+</tr><tr><td>EmptyApiTag</td><td>14.267 ns</td><td>10.334 ns</td><td>0.5665 ns</td><td>0.0043</td><td>72 B</td>
 </tr></tbody></table>
 </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.json b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.json
index 405a00130..9481a1c56 100644
--- a/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.json
+++ b/performance/benchmark/BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/results/performance.EmptyModels-report.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
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VectorSize=256","Statistics":{"OriginalValues":[13.643999069929123,14.406840443611145,14.750795125961304],"N":3,"Min":13.643999069929123,"LowerFence":13.195322714745998,"Q1":14.025419756770134,"Median":14.406840443611145,"Mean":14.267211546500524,"Q3":14.578817784786224,"UpperFence":15.40891482681036,"Max":14.750795125961304,"InterquartileRange":0.5533980280160904,"LowerOutliers":[],"UpperOutliers":[],"AllOutliers":[],"StandardError":0.32704309048061947,"Variance":0.3208715490933439,"StandardDeviation":0.5664552489767783,"Skewness":-0.23151875375504977,"Kurtosis":0.6666666666666673,"ConfidenceInterval":{"N":3,"Mean":14.267211546500524,"StandardError":0.32704309048061947,"Level":12,"Margin":10.334252423126259,"Lower":3.932959123374266,"Upper":24.601463969626785},"Percentiles":{"P0":13.643999069929123,"P25":14.025419756770134,"P50":14.406840443611145,"P67":14.5237850356102,"P80":14.61321325302124,"P85":14.647608721256256,"P90":14.682004189491272,"P95":14.716399657726289,"P100":14.750795125961304}},"Memory":{"Gen0Collections":144,"Gen1Collections":0,"Gen2Collections":0,"TotalOperations":33554432,"BytesAllocatedPerOperation":72},"Measurements":[{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":204963},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":1,"Nanoseconds":215283},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":16,"Nanoseconds":457145},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Jitting","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":16,"Nanoseconds":491008},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":16,"Nanoseconds":2234},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":32,"Nanoseconds":2324},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":64,"Nanoseconds":27421},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":4,"Operations":128,"Nanoseconds":28273},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":5,"Operations":256,"Nanoseconds":33022},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":6,"Operations":512,"Nanoseconds":38362},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":7,"Operations":1024,"Nanoseconds":80881},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":8,"Operations":2048,"Nanoseconds":136315},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":9,"Operations":4096,"Nanoseconds":236682},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":10,"Operations":8192,"Nanoseconds":429513},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":11,"Operations":16384,"Nanoseconds":720817},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":12,"Operations":32768,"Nanoseconds":1402622},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":13,"Operations":65536,"Nanoseconds":2772071},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":14,"Operations":131072,"Nanoseconds":5271273},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":15,"Operations":262144,"Nanoseconds":9353253},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":16,"Operations":524288,"Nanoseconds":8418737},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":17,"Operations":1048576,"Nanoseconds":16537442},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":18,"Operations":2097152,"Nanoseconds":33595998},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":19,"Operations":4194304,"Nanoseconds":62386873},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":20,"Operations":8388608,"Nanoseconds":154183158},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":21,"Operations":16777216,"Nanoseconds":290391028},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Pilot","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":22,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":715792907},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":142789240},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":135954914},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121544546},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":4,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121631459},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":5,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121669570},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":6,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121701340},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":7,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121709775},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":8,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121449158},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":9,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121453927},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":10,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121781329},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121756303},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121514150},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121561638},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":4,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121818909},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":5,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121576797},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":6,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121445090},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":7,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121468594},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":8,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121683947},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":9,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121434381},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":10,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121578149},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":11,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121509701},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":12,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121784987},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":13,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121624315},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":14,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121474005},{"IterationMode":"Overhead","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":15,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":121548283},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":605303330},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":657770098},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Warmup","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":584608074},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":579378277},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":604974986},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Actual","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":616516190},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":1,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":457816639},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":2,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":483413348},{"IterationMode":"Workload","IterationStage":"Result","LaunchIndex":1,"IterationIndex":3,"Operations":33554432,"Nanoseconds":494954552}],"Metrics":[{"Value":0.004291534423828125,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen0Collects","DisplayName":"Gen0","Legend":"GC Generation 0 collects per 1000 operations","NumberFormat":"#0.0000","UnitType":0,"Unit":"Count","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":0}},{"Value":0,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen1Collects","DisplayName":"Gen1","Legend":"GC Generation 1 collects per 1000 operations","NumberFormat":"#0.0000","UnitType":0,"Unit":"Count","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":1}},{"Value":0,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Gen2Collects","DisplayName":"Gen2","Legend":"GC Generation 2 collects per 1000 operations","NumberFormat":"#0.0000","UnitType":0,"Unit":"Count","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":2}},{"Value":72,"Descriptor":{"Id":"Allocated Memory","DisplayName":"Allocated","Legend":"Allocated memory per single operation (managed only, inclusive, 1KB = 1024B)","NumberFormat":"0.##","UnitType":2,"Unit":"B","TheGreaterTheBetter":false,"PriorityInCategory":3}}]}]}
diff --git a/performance/benchmark/Descriptions.cs b/performance/benchmark/Descriptions.cs
index 8e01d91da..6c051a3ad 100644
--- a/performance/benchmark/Descriptions.cs
+++ b/performance/benchmark/Descriptions.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Net.Http;
@@ -15,88 +15,112 @@ namespace performance;
 [ShortRunJob]
 public class Descriptions
 {
-    [Benchmark]
-    public async Task<OpenApiDocument> PetStoreYaml()
+    private enum DescriptionSource
     {
-        return await ParseDocumentAsync(PetStoreYamlPath);
+        PetStoreYaml,
+        PetStoreJson,
+        GHESYaml,
+        GHESJson,
+        GHESNextYaml,
+        GHESNextJson
     }
+
     [Benchmark]
-    public async Task<OpenApiDocument> PetStoreJson()
-    {
-        return await ParseDocumentAsync(PetStoreJsonPath, OpenApiConstants.Json);
-    }
+    public Task<OpenApiDocument> PetStoreYaml() => ParseDocumentAsync(DescriptionSource.PetStoreYaml);
+
     [Benchmark]
-    public async Task<OpenApiDocument> GHESYaml()
-    {
-        return await ParseDocumentAsync(GHESYamlDescriptionUrl);
-    }
+    public Task<OpenApiDocument> PetStoreJson() => ParseDocumentAsync(DescriptionSource.PetStoreJson, OpenApiConstants.Json);
+
     [Benchmark]
-    public async Task<OpenApiDocument> GHESJson()
-    {
-        return await ParseDocumentAsync(GHESJsonDescriptionUrl, OpenApiConstants.Json);
-    }
+    public Task<OpenApiDocument> GHESYaml() => ParseDocumentAsync(DescriptionSource.GHESYaml);
+
     [Benchmark]
-    public async Task<OpenApiDocument> GHESNextYaml()
-    {
-        return await ParseDocumentAsync(GHESNextYamlDescriptionUrl);
-    }
+    public Task<OpenApiDocument> GHESJson() => ParseDocumentAsync(DescriptionSource.GHESJson, OpenApiConstants.Json);
+
     [Benchmark]
-    public async Task<OpenApiDocument> GHESNextJson()
-    {
-        return await ParseDocumentAsync(GHESNextJsonDescriptionUrl, OpenApiConstants.Json);
-    }
-    private readonly Dictionary<string, MemoryStream> _streams = new(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+    public Task<OpenApiDocument> GHESNextYaml() => ParseDocumentAsync(DescriptionSource.GHESNextYaml);
+
+    [Benchmark]
+    public Task<OpenApiDocument> GHESNextJson() => ParseDocumentAsync(DescriptionSource.GHESNextJson, OpenApiConstants.Json);
+
+    private readonly Dictionary<DescriptionSource, MemoryStream> _streams = new(capacity: 6);
+
     [GlobalSetup]
     public async Task GetAllDescriptions()
     {
-        _httpClient = new HttpClient();
-        readerSettings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
+        _httpClient = new HttpClient { Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60) };
+        _readerSettings = new OpenApiReaderSettings { LeaveStreamOpen = true };
+        _readerSettings.AddYamlReader();
+
+        var results = await Task.WhenAll(
+            LoadFromAssemblyAsync(DescriptionSource.PetStoreYaml, PetStoreYamlResourceName),
+            LoadFromAssemblyAsync(DescriptionSource.PetStoreJson, PetStoreJsonResourceName),
+            LoadFromUrlAsync(DescriptionSource.GHESYaml, GHESYamlDescriptionUrl),
+            LoadFromUrlAsync(DescriptionSource.GHESJson, GHESJsonDescriptionUrl),
+            LoadFromUrlAsync(DescriptionSource.GHESNextYaml, GHESNextYamlDescriptionUrl),
+            LoadFromUrlAsync(DescriptionSource.GHESNextJson, GHESNextJsonDescriptionUrl)
+        ).ConfigureAwait(false);
+
+        foreach (var (source, stream) in results)
         {
-            LeaveStreamOpen = true,
-        };
-        readerSettings.AddYamlReader();
-        await LoadDocumentFromAssemblyIntoStreams(PetStoreYamlPath);
-        await LoadDocumentFromAssemblyIntoStreams(PetStoreJsonPath);
-        await LoadDocumentFromUrlIntoStreams(GHESYamlDescriptionUrl);
-        await LoadDocumentFromUrlIntoStreams(GHESJsonDescriptionUrl);
-        await LoadDocumentFromUrlIntoStreams(GHESNextYamlDescriptionUrl);
-        await LoadDocumentFromUrlIntoStreams(GHESNextJsonDescriptionUrl);
+            _streams.Add(source, stream);
+        }
     }
-    private OpenApiReaderSettings readerSettings;
-    private const string PetStoreYamlPath = @"petStore.yaml";
-    private const string PetStoreJsonPath = @"petStore.json";
-    private const string GHESYamlDescriptionUrl = @"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/github/rest-api-description/aef5e31a2d10fdaab311ec6d18a453021a81383d/descriptions/ghes-3.16/ghes-3.16.2022-11-28.yaml";
-    private const string GHESJsonDescriptionUrl = @"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/github/rest-api-description/aef5e31a2d10fdaab311ec6d18a453021a81383d/descriptions/ghes-3.16/ghes-3.16.2022-11-28.json";
-    private const string GHESNextYamlDescriptionUrl = @"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/github/rest-api-description/aef5e31a2d10fdaab311ec6d18a453021a81383d/descriptions-next/ghes-3.16/ghes-3.16.2022-11-28.yaml";
-    private const string GHESNextJsonDescriptionUrl = @"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/github/rest-api-description/aef5e31a2d10fdaab311ec6d18a453021a81383d/descriptions-next/ghes-3.16/ghes-3.16.2022-11-28.json";
-    private async Task<OpenApiDocument> ParseDocumentAsync(string fileName, string format = null)
+
+    private OpenApiReaderSettings _readerSettings;
+
+    private const string PetStoreYamlResourceName = "petStore.yaml";
+    private const string PetStoreJsonResourceName = "petStore.json";
+
+    private const string GHESRepoCommitSha = "aef5e31a2d10fdaab311ec6d18a453021a81383d";
+    private const string GHESReleaseVersion = "ghes-3.16";
+    private const string GHESDescriptionFileName = "ghes-3.16.2022-11-28";
+
+    // Building the four GHES URLs from shared constants means the pinned commit only needs to
+    // change in one place when the benchmark data set is refreshed, instead of four near-identical
+    // literals that can silently drift out of sync with each other.
+    private static string BuildGHESDescriptionUrl(string descriptionsFolder, string extension) =>
+        $"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/github/rest-api-description/{GHESRepoCommitSha}/{descriptionsFolder}/{GHESReleaseVersion}/{GHESDescriptionFileName}.{extension}";
+
+    private static readonly string GHESYamlDescriptionUrl = BuildGHESDescriptionUrl("descriptions", "yaml");
+    private static readonly string GHESJsonDescriptionUrl = BuildGHESDescriptionUrl("descriptions", "json");
+    private static readonly string GHESNextYamlDescriptionUrl = BuildGHESDescriptionUrl("descriptions-next", "yaml");
+    private static readonly string GHESNextJsonDescriptionUrl = BuildGHESDescriptionUrl("descriptions-next", "json");
+
+    private async Task<OpenApiDocument> ParseDocumentAsync(DescriptionSource source, string format = null)
     {
         format ??= OpenApiConstants.Yaml;
-        var stream = _streams[fileName];
+        var stream = _streams[source];
         stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
-        
-        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, format, readerSettings).ConfigureAwait(false);
+
+        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, format, _readerSettings).ConfigureAwait(false);
         return document;
     }
+
     private HttpClient _httpClient;
-    private async Task LoadDocumentFromUrlIntoStreams(string url)
+
+    private async Task<(DescriptionSource Source, MemoryStream Stream)> LoadFromUrlAsync(DescriptionSource source, string url)
     {
-        var response = await _httpClient.GetAsync(url).ConfigureAwait(false);
+        using var response = await _httpClient.GetAsync(url).ConfigureAwait(false);
         response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
-        var stream = new MemoryStream(); // NOT disposed on purpose
+
+        var stream = new MemoryStream();
         await response.Content.CopyToAsync(stream).ConfigureAwait(false);
         stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
-        _streams.Add(url, stream);
+        return (source, stream);
     }
-    private static readonly Assembly assembly = typeof(Descriptions).GetTypeInfo().Assembly;
-    private async Task LoadDocumentFromAssemblyIntoStreams(string fileName)
+
+    private static readonly Assembly _assembly = typeof(Descriptions).Assembly;
+
+    private async Task<(DescriptionSource Source, MemoryStream Stream)> LoadFromAssemblyAsync(DescriptionSource source, string resourceFileName)
     {
-        using var resource = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream($"PerformanceTests.{fileName}");
-        var stream = new MemoryStream(); // NOT disposed on purpose
-        await resource.CopyToAsync(stream).ConfigureAwait(false);
+        using var resourceStream = _assembly.GetManifestResourceStream($"PerformanceTests.{resourceFileName}");
+        var stream = new MemoryStream(); 
+        await resourceStream.CopyToAsync(stream).ConfigureAwait(false);
         stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
-        _streams.Add(fileName, stream);
+        return (source, stream);
     }
+
     [GlobalCleanup]
     public void Cleanup()
     {
diff --git a/performance/resultsComparer/resultsComparer.csproj b/performance/resultsComparer/resultsComparer.csproj
index 27e95decd..7cbd4cacb 100644
--- a/performance/resultsComparer/resultsComparer.csproj
+++ b/performance/resultsComparer/resultsComparer.csproj
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="10.0.10" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" Version="10.0.10" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console" Version="10.0.10" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug" Version="10.0.10" />
-    <PackageReference Include="System.CommandLine" Version="2.0.5" />
-    <PackageReference Include="system.text.json" Version="10.0.10" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="10.0.11" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" Version="10.0.11" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console" Version="10.0.11" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug" Version="10.0.11" />
+    <PackageReference Include="System.CommandLine" Version="2.0.10" />
+    <PackageReference Include="system.text.json" Version="10.0.11" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.csproj b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.csproj
index b6034c5e0..d578c9e69 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.csproj
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.csproj
@@ -29,15 +29,15 @@
 
   <ItemGroup>
     <PackageReference Include="Humanizer.Core" Version="3.0.10" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" Version="10.0.10" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" Version="10.0.10" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console" Version="10.0.10" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug" Version="10.0.10" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" Version="10.0.11" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" Version="10.0.11" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console" Version="10.0.11" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug" Version="10.0.11" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Threading.Analyzers" Version="18.7.23">
       <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
       <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
     </PackageReference>
-    <PackageReference Include="System.CommandLine" Version="2.0.5" />
+    <PackageReference Include="System.CommandLine" Version="2.0.10" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.OData.Edm" Version="8.4.4" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.OpenApi.OData" Version="3.2.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.OpenApi.ApiManifest" Version="3.0.0-preview.1" />
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Workbench/Microsoft.OpenApi.Workbench.csproj b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Workbench/Microsoft.OpenApi.Workbench.csproj
index 89cf78d37..a686a0de4 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Workbench/Microsoft.OpenApi.Workbench.csproj
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.Workbench/Microsoft.OpenApi.Workbench.csproj
@@ -21,11 +21,12 @@
   
   <!-- Windows-specific dependencies -->
   <ItemGroup Condition="'$(OS)' == 'Windows_NT'">
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Threading.Analyzers" Version="17.14.15">
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Threading.Analyzers" Version="18.7.23">
       <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
       <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
     </PackageReference>
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Windows.Compatibility" Version="10.0.5" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Windows.Compatibility" Version="10.0.10" />
+    <PackageReference Include="System.Security.Cryptography.Xml" Version="10.0.10" />
   </ItemGroup>
   
   <!-- Windows-specific resources -->
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.csproj b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.csproj
index 8e7dcfde9..5a04ce302 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.csproj
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.csproj
@@ -28,20 +28,12 @@
 
     <ItemGroup>
 
-        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.PublicApiAnalyzers" Version="5.6.0">
-          <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
-          <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-        </PackageReference>
+        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.PublicApiAnalyzers" Version="5.6.0" PrivateAssets="all" />
 
-        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Threading.Analyzers" Version="18.7.23">
-          <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
-          <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-        </PackageReference>
+        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Threading.Analyzers" Version="18.7.23" PrivateAssets="all" />
 
-        <PackageReference Include="SharpYaml" Version="2.1.4" />
-        <PackageReference Include="System.Text.Json" Version="[8.0.5,)" />
-        <NuGetAuditSuppress Include="https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hh2w-p6rv-4g7w" />
-        <NuGetAuditSuppress Include="https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8g4q-xg66-9fp4" />
+        <PackageReference Include="SharpYaml" Version="2.1.5" />
+        <PackageReference Include="System.Text.Json" Version="[8.0.5,)" Condition="!$([MSBuild]::IsTargetFrameworkCompatible('$(TargetFramework)', 'net8.0'))" />
     </ItemGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>
@@ -71,4 +63,4 @@
     <ItemGroup>
         <None Include="../../README.md" Pack="true" PackagePath="" />
     </ItemGroup>
-</Project>
\ No newline at end of file
+</Project>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensions.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensions.cs
index ee5add0a0..006d1fb3d 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensions.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensions.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-using Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader;
+using System;
+using Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader;
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader;
 
@@ -17,4 +18,18 @@ public static void AddYamlReader(this OpenApiReaderSettings settings)
         settings.TryAddReader(OpenApiConstants.Yaml, yamlReader);
         settings.TryAddReader(OpenApiConstants.Yml, yamlReader);
     }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Adds a YAML reader for the specified format using per-reader resource limits.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="settings">The settings to add the reader to.</param>
+    /// <param name="yamlSettings">The YAML reader settings.</param>
+    public static void AddYamlReader(this OpenApiReaderSettings settings, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings yamlSettings)
+    {
+        if (settings is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(settings));
+        if (yamlSettings is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(yamlSettings));
+        var yamlReader = new OpenApiYamlReader(yamlSettings);
+        settings.TryAddReader(OpenApiConstants.Yaml, yamlReader);
+        settings.TryAddReader(OpenApiConstants.Yml, yamlReader);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiYamlReader.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiYamlReader.cs
index 0bf2627ec..13f17d77d 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiYamlReader.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiYamlReader.cs
@@ -7,9 +7,8 @@
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader;
-using SharpYaml.Serialization;
+using SharpYaml;
 using System;
-using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader
@@ -17,10 +16,46 @@ namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader
     /// <summary>
     /// Reader for parsing YAML files into an OpenAPI document.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// Input is converted directly from SharpYaml parser events so resource limits are enforced
+    /// before SharpYaml's recursive YAML model loader can compose or expand the document.
+    /// </remarks>
     public class OpenApiYamlReader : IOpenApiReader
     {
         private const int copyBufferSize = 4096;
         private static readonly OpenApiJsonReader _jsonReader = new();
+        private readonly OpenApiYamlReaderSettings _yamlSettings;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a YAML reader using the current legacy global conversion limits.
+        /// </summary>
+        public OpenApiYamlReader()
+            : this(new()
+            {
+                MaxDepth = YamlConverter.MaxDepth,
+                MaxNodeCount = YamlConverter.MaxNodeCount,
+                MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = YamlConverter.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount,
+            })
+        {
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a YAML reader with immutable per-reader resource limits.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="settings">The YAML reader settings.</param>
+        public OpenApiYamlReader(OpenApiYamlReaderSettings settings)
+        {
+            if (settings is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(settings));
+            settings.Validate();
+            _yamlSettings = new()
+            {
+                MaxDepth = settings.MaxDepth,
+                MaxNodeCount = settings.MaxNodeCount,
+                MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = settings.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount,
+                MaxInputByteCount = settings.MaxInputByteCount,
+                MaxScalarLength = settings.MaxScalarLength,
+            };
+        }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public async Task<ReadResult> ReadAsync(Stream input,
@@ -29,16 +64,33 @@ public async Task<ReadResult> ReadAsync(Stream input,
                                                 CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
         {
             if (input is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(input));
+            if (settings is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(settings));
             if (input is MemoryStream memoryStream)
             {
-                return UpdateFormat(Read(memoryStream, location, settings));
+                return ReadCore(memoryStream, location, settings, cancellationToken);
             } 
             else 
             {
                 using var preparedStream = new MemoryStream();
-                await input.CopyToAsync(preparedStream, copyBufferSize, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                try
+                {
+                    await CopyToMemoryStreamAsync(
+                        input,
+                        preparedStream,
+                        _yamlSettings.MaxInputByteCount,
+                        cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                }
+                catch (OpenApiReaderException ex)
+                {
+                    return new()
+                    {
+                        Document = null,
+                        Diagnostic = CreateDiagnostic(new(ex)),
+                    };
+                }
+
                 preparedStream.Position = 0;
-                return UpdateFormat(Read(preparedStream, location, settings));
+                return ReadCore(preparedStream, location, settings, cancellationToken);
             }
         }
 
@@ -46,14 +98,22 @@ public async Task<ReadResult> ReadAsync(Stream input,
         public ReadResult Read(MemoryStream input,
                                Uri location,
                                OpenApiReaderSettings settings)
+            => ReadCore(input, location, settings, CancellationToken.None);
+
+        private ReadResult ReadCore(MemoryStream input,
+                                    Uri location,
+                                    OpenApiReaderSettings settings,
+                                    CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         {
             if (input is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(input));
             if (settings is null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(settings));
+            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
             JsonNode jsonNode;
 
             // Parse the YAML text in the stream into a sequence of JsonNodes
             try
             {
+                EnsureInputWithinLimit(input, _yamlSettings.MaxInputByteCount);
 #if NET
 // this represents net core, net5 and up
                 using var stream = new StreamReader(input, default, true, -1, settings.LeaveStreamOpen);
@@ -61,22 +121,65 @@ public ReadResult Read(MemoryStream input,
 // the implementation differs and results in a null reference exception in NETFX
                 using var stream = new StreamReader(input, Encoding.UTF8, true, 4096, settings.LeaveStreamOpen);
 #endif
-                jsonNode = LoadJsonNodesFromYamlDocument(stream);
+                jsonNode = LoadJsonNodesFromYamlDocument(stream, cancellationToken);
             }
             catch (JsonException ex)
             {
-                var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic();
-                diagnostic.Errors.Add(new($"#line={ex.LineNumber}", ex.Message));
-                diagnostic.Format = OpenApiConstants.Yaml;
                 return new()
                 {
                     Document = null,
-                    Diagnostic = diagnostic,
+                    Diagnostic = CreateDiagnostic(new($"#line={ex.LineNumber}", ex.Message)),
+                };
+            }
+            catch (OpenApiReaderException ex)
+            {
+                return new()
+                {
+                    Document = null,
+                    Diagnostic = CreateDiagnostic(new(ex)),
                 };
             }
 
+            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
             return UpdateFormat(Read(jsonNode, location, settings));
         }
+
+        private static async Task CopyToMemoryStreamAsync(
+            Stream input,
+            MemoryStream output,
+            uint maxInputByteCount,
+            CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+        {
+            var buffer = new byte[copyBufferSize];
+            long totalBytesRead = 0;
+            int bytesRead;
+            while ((bytesRead = await input.ReadAsync(
+                buffer,
+                0,
+                buffer.Length,
+                cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false)) > 0)
+            {
+                if (bytesRead > (long)maxInputByteCount - totalBytesRead)
+                {
+                    throw CreateInputLimitException(maxInputByteCount);
+                }
+
+                await output.WriteAsync(buffer, 0, bytesRead, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                totalBytesRead += bytesRead;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void EnsureInputWithinLimit(MemoryStream input, uint maxInputByteCount)
+        {
+            if (input.Length - input.Position > maxInputByteCount)
+            {
+                throw CreateInputLimitException(maxInputByteCount);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static OpenApiReaderException CreateInputLimitException(uint maxInputByteCount)
+            => new($"The YAML input exceeds the maximum supported size of {maxInputByteCount} bytes.");
+
         private static ReadResult UpdateFormat(ReadResult result)
         {
             result.Diagnostic ??= new OpenApiDiagnostic();
@@ -103,13 +206,22 @@ public static ReadResult Read(JsonNode jsonNode, Uri location, OpenApiReaderSett
             // Parse the YAML
             try
             {
-                using var stream = new StreamReader(input);
-                jsonNode = LoadJsonNodesFromYamlDocument(stream);
+                EnsureInputWithinLimit(input, _yamlSettings.MaxInputByteCount);
+#if NET
+                using var stream = new StreamReader(input, default, true, -1, settings?.LeaveStreamOpen ?? false);
+#else
+                using var stream = new StreamReader(input, Encoding.UTF8, true, 4096, settings?.LeaveStreamOpen ?? false);
+#endif
+                jsonNode = LoadJsonNodesFromYamlDocument(stream, CancellationToken.None);
             }
             catch (JsonException ex)
             {
-                diagnostic = new();
-                diagnostic.Errors.Add(new($"#line={ex.LineNumber}", ex.Message));
+                diagnostic = CreateDiagnostic(new($"#line={ex.LineNumber}", ex.Message));
+                return default;
+            }
+            catch (OpenApiReaderException ex)
+            {
+                diagnostic = CreateDiagnostic(new(ex));
                 return default;
             }
 
@@ -123,20 +235,34 @@ public static ReadResult Read(JsonNode jsonNode, Uri location, OpenApiReaderSett
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Helper method to turn streams into a sequence of JsonNodes
+        /// Converts the first YAML document in a stream into a JSON node.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="input">Stream containing YAML formatted text</param>
-        /// <returns>Instance of a YamlDocument</returns>
-        static JsonNode LoadJsonNodesFromYamlDocument(TextReader input)
+        /// <param name="cancellationToken">Propagates notification that parsing should be cancelled.</param>
+        /// <returns>The converted JSON node.</returns>
+        private JsonNode LoadJsonNodesFromYamlDocument(TextReader input, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
         {
-            var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
-            yamlStream.Load(input);
-            if (yamlStream.Documents.Any() && yamlStream.Documents[0].ToJsonNode() is { } jsonNode)
+            try
+            {
+                return new YamlJsonParser(_yamlSettings).Parse(input, cancellationToken);
+            }
+            catch (YamlException ex)
             {
-                return jsonNode;
+                var location = ex.Start.Line >= 0
+                    ? $" at line {ex.Start.Line + 1}, column {ex.Start.Column + 1}"
+                    : string.Empty;
+                throw new OpenApiReaderException($"Unable to parse the YAML document{location}: {ex.Message}", ex);
             }
+        }
 
-            throw new InvalidOperationException("No documents found in the YAML stream.");
+        private static OpenApiDiagnostic CreateDiagnostic(OpenApiError error)
+        {
+            var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic
+            {
+                Format = OpenApiConstants.Yaml,
+            };
+            diagnostic.Errors.Add(error);
+            return diagnostic;
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b525f65c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Configures resource limits for an <see cref="OpenApiYamlReader"/>.
+/// </summary>
+public sealed class OpenApiYamlReaderSettings
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Default maximum number of input bytes read from a single YAML document (128 MiB).
+    /// Bounds the buffered copy of a non-seekable stream, so an endless or oversized response body
+    /// cannot exhaust memory before parsing begins.
+    /// </summary>
+    public const uint DefaultMaxInputByteCount = 128 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Default maximum length of a single YAML scalar value (65,536 UTF-16 code units).
+    /// Bounds the cost of any one key, string, number, date or block literal. For reference, the
+    /// longest scalar in the Microsoft Graph beta description is 1,833 code units, so this leaves
+    /// substantial headroom for legitimate documents.
+    /// </summary>
+    public const uint DefaultMaxScalarLength = 64 * 1024;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets or sets the maximum YAML nesting depth.
+    /// Defaults to <see cref="YamlConverter.DefaultMaxDepth"/> and cannot exceed
+    /// <see cref="YamlConverter.MaximumAllowedDepth"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    public uint MaxDepth { get; set; } = YamlConverter.DefaultMaxDepth;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets or sets the maximum number of JSON nodes materialized from one YAML document.
+    /// Defaults to <see cref="YamlConverter.DefaultMaxNodeCount"/> and cannot exceed
+    /// <see cref="YamlConverter.MaximumAllowedNodeCount"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    public uint MaxNodeCount { get; set; } = YamlConverter.DefaultMaxNodeCount;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets or sets the maximum number of JSON nodes materialized specifically from aliases.
+    /// Defaults to <see cref="YamlConverter.DefaultMaxAliasExpansionNodeCount"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    public uint MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount { get; set; } = YamlConverter.DefaultMaxAliasExpansionNodeCount;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets or sets the maximum number of input bytes read from one YAML document.
+    /// Defaults to <see cref="DefaultMaxInputByteCount"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    public uint MaxInputByteCount { get; set; } = DefaultMaxInputByteCount;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets or sets the maximum length of one YAML scalar value.
+    /// Defaults to <see cref="DefaultMaxScalarLength"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    public uint MaxScalarLength { get; set; } = DefaultMaxScalarLength;
+
+    internal void Validate()
+    {
+        YamlConverter.ValidateMaxDepth(MaxDepth, nameof(MaxDepth));
+        YamlConverter.ValidateMaxNodeCount(MaxNodeCount, nameof(MaxNodeCount));
+        ValidatePositive(MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount, nameof(MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount));
+        ValidatePositive(MaxInputByteCount, nameof(MaxInputByteCount));
+        ValidatePositive(MaxScalarLength, nameof(MaxScalarLength));
+    }
+
+    private static void ValidatePositive(uint value, string parameterName)
+    {
+        if (value == 0)
+        {
+            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(parameterName, $"{parameterName} must be greater than zero.");
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/PublicAPI.Shipped.txt b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/PublicAPI.Shipped.txt
index 7ea43f370..4c258a43e 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/PublicAPI.Shipped.txt
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/PublicAPI.Shipped.txt
@@ -15,3 +15,30 @@ static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.ToJsonNode(this SharpYaml.Seri
 static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.ToJsonNode(this SharpYaml.Serialization.YamlStream! yaml) -> System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<System.Text.Json.Nodes.JsonNode!>!
 static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.ToJsonObject(this SharpYaml.Serialization.YamlMappingNode! yaml) -> System.Text.Json.Nodes.JsonObject!
 static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.ToYamlNode(this System.Text.Json.Nodes.JsonNode! json) -> SharpYaml.Serialization.YamlNode!
+const Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.DefaultMaxDepth = 64 -> uint
+const Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.DefaultMaxNodeCount = 5000000 -> uint
+static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.MaxDepth.get -> uint
+static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.MaxDepth.set -> void
+static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.MaxNodeCount.get -> uint
+static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.MaxNodeCount.set -> void
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReader.OpenApiYamlReader(Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings! settings) -> void
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount.get -> uint
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount.set -> void
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxDepth.get -> uint
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxDepth.set -> void
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxInputByteCount.get -> uint
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxInputByteCount.set -> void
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxNodeCount.get -> uint
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxNodeCount.set -> void
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxScalarLength.get -> uint
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.MaxScalarLength.set -> void
+Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings() -> void
+const Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxInputByteCount = 134217728 -> uint
+const Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxScalarLength = 65536 -> uint
+const Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.DefaultMaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = 5000 -> uint
+const Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.MaximumAllowedDepth = 256 -> uint
+const Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.MaximumAllowedNodeCount = 10000000 -> uint
+static Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensions.AddYamlReader(this Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.OpenApiReaderSettings! settings, Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.OpenApiYamlReaderSettings! yamlSettings) -> void
+static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount.get -> uint
+static Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader.YamlConverter.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount.set -> void
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlConversionBudget.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlConversionBudget.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4b3ed75d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlConversionBudget.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Tracks the resource budget consumed while materializing a single YAML document.
+/// </summary>
+/// <remarks>
+/// <para>
+/// A budget instance is scoped to one document and is not thread safe. Callers charge the budget
+/// <em>before</em> allocating, so a document that would breach a limit is rejected without the
+/// allocation ever happening.
+/// </para>
+/// <para>
+/// Every limit breach throws <see cref="OpenApiReaderException"/>, which the reader converts into an
+/// <c>OpenApiDiagnostic</c>. That is the whole point of this type: hostile input produces a reportable
+/// diagnostic rather than an unrecoverable process failure.
+/// </para>
+/// </remarks>
+internal sealed class YamlConversionBudget
+{
+    private readonly uint _maxDepth;
+    private readonly uint _maxNodeCount;
+    private readonly uint _maxAliasExpansionNodeCount;
+    private uint _nodeCount;
+    private uint _aliasExpansionNodeCount;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Initializes a budget for a single document.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="maxDepth">Maximum nesting depth. Bounds stack and structural growth.</param>
+    /// <param name="maxNodeCount">Maximum total nodes materialized from the document.</param>
+    /// <param name="maxAliasExpansionNodeCount">
+    /// Maximum nodes materialized specifically by expanding aliases. This is the anti-amplification
+    /// limit and is deliberately far smaller than <paramref name="maxNodeCount"/>: a large document is
+    /// legitimate, but a small document that <em>expands</em> into a large one is not.
+    /// </param>
+    public YamlConversionBudget(uint maxDepth, uint maxNodeCount, uint maxAliasExpansionNodeCount)
+    {
+        _maxDepth = maxDepth;
+        _maxNodeCount = maxNodeCount;
+        _maxAliasExpansionNodeCount = maxAliasExpansionNodeCount;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Charges one node at the supplied depth.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="depth">Zero-based nesting depth of the node being materialized.</param>
+    /// <exception cref="OpenApiReaderException">The depth or total node limit would be exceeded.</exception>
+    public void EnterNode(uint depth)
+    {
+        ValidateDepth(depth);
+        AddNodes(1);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Charges the full cost of expanding an alias, against both the alias budget and the total budget.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="depth">Zero-based nesting depth at which the alias appears.</param>
+    /// <param name="expandedNodeCount">Number of nodes the alias will materialize when cloned.</param>
+    /// <param name="expandedHeight">
+    /// Height of the subtree the alias will materialize, where a scalar has height 1.
+    /// </param>
+    /// <exception cref="OpenApiReaderException">The depth, alias, or total node limit would be exceeded.</exception>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// Must be called before the clone is taken. Charging afterwards would allow the very allocation
+    /// this limit exists to prevent.
+    /// </remarks>
+    public void EnterAlias(uint depth, uint expandedNodeCount, uint expandedHeight)
+    {
+        ValidateDepth(depth);
+
+        // The alias site clears the depth check on its own, but expanding it grafts an entire
+        // subtree at this position. Without charging the grafted height, an anchor defined at a
+        // legal depth can be replayed from another legal depth to produce a tree deeper than the
+        // limit. The underlying YAML parser cannot catch this either, because it sees an alias as
+        // a single event and never re-walks the anchored content.
+        if (expandedHeight > _maxDepth - depth)
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML document expands an alias to more than the maximum supported nesting depth of {_maxDepth}.");
+        }
+
+        if (expandedNodeCount > _maxAliasExpansionNodeCount - _aliasExpansionNodeCount)
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML document expands aliases to more than the maximum supported number of nodes ({_maxAliasExpansionNodeCount}).");
+        }
+
+        _aliasExpansionNodeCount += expandedNodeCount;
+        AddNodes(expandedNodeCount);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Validates that a node at <paramref name="depth"/> is within the depth limit.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// <paramref name="depth"/> is zero-based, so a node at that depth occupies level
+    /// <c>depth + 1</c>. Rejecting <c>depth &gt;= _maxDepth</c> therefore admits exactly
+    /// <c>_maxDepth</c> levels, matching the limit enforced by the underlying YAML parser.
+    /// The comparison avoids arithmetic so it cannot overflow.
+    /// </remarks>
+    private void ValidateDepth(uint depth)
+    {
+        if (depth >= _maxDepth)
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML document exceeds the maximum supported nesting depth of {_maxDepth}.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Charges <paramref name="count"/> nodes against the total node budget.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// The remaining headroom is compared as <c>count &gt; _maxNodeCount - _nodeCount</c> rather than
+    /// <c>_nodeCount + count &gt; _maxNodeCount</c>. Both operands are unsigned, so the latter form could
+    /// wrap and silently admit an over-budget document; the invariant <c>_nodeCount &lt;= _maxNodeCount</c>
+    /// makes the subtraction used here safe from underflow.
+    /// </remarks>
+    private void AddNodes(uint count)
+    {
+        if (count > _maxNodeCount - _nodeCount)
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML document expands to more than the maximum supported number of nodes ({_maxNodeCount}). This may indicate a YAML anchor/alias expansion attack.");
+        }
+
+        _nodeCount += count;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlConverter.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlConverter.cs
index 1cafea77b..aa73618f5 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlConverter.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlConverter.cs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Globalization;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Text.Json;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 using SharpYaml;
@@ -12,8 +13,114 @@ namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader
     /// <summary>
     /// Provides extensions to convert YAML models to JSON models.
     /// </summary>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// These limits apply after a SharpYaml model exists. Use <see cref="OpenApiYamlReader"/>
+    /// for untrusted input so limits are enforced before SharpYaml model loading.
+    /// </remarks>
     public static class YamlConverter
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Default maximum nesting depth allowed when converting a YAML node graph into JSON nodes.
+        /// Mirrors the default System.Text.Json depth limit (64) that already bounds the JSON reader path,
+        /// protecting the recursive conversion from stack exhaustion on deeply nested documents.
+        /// </summary>
+        public const uint DefaultMaxDepth = 64;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Default maximum number of JSON nodes that may be materialized from a single YAML document.
+        /// Guards against YAML anchor/alias expansion ("billion laughs") attacks, where a tiny document
+        /// expands exponentially when its shared node graph is materialized into an independent JSON tree.
+        /// </summary>
+        public const uint DefaultMaxNodeCount = 5_000_000;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Default maximum number of JSON nodes that may be materialized from YAML aliases.
+        /// </summary>
+        public const uint DefaultMaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = 5_000;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Maximum configurable YAML nesting depth.
+        /// </summary>
+        public const uint MaximumAllowedDepth = 256;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Maximum configurable number of JSON nodes that may be materialized from a single YAML document.
+        /// Bounds the running node totals so they cannot overflow while accumulating, which would surface as an
+        /// <see cref="OverflowException"/> instead of a reportable diagnostic.
+        /// </summary>
+        public const uint MaximumAllowedNodeCount = 10_000_000;
+
+        private static uint _maxDepth = DefaultMaxDepth;
+        private static uint _maxNodeCount = DefaultMaxNodeCount;
+        private static uint _maxAliasExpansionNodeCount = DefaultMaxAliasExpansionNodeCount;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the maximum nesting depth allowed when converting a YAML node graph into JSON nodes.
+        /// Defaults to <see cref="DefaultMaxDepth"/> and cannot exceed the library's safe depth ceiling.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <exception cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Thrown when set outside the supported range.</exception>
+        public static uint MaxDepth
+        {
+            get => _maxDepth;
+            set
+            {
+                ValidateMaxDepth(value, nameof(value));
+                _maxDepth = value;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the maximum number of JSON nodes that may be materialized from a single YAML document.
+        /// Defaults to <see cref="DefaultMaxNodeCount"/>, guarding against YAML anchor/alias expansion
+        /// ("billion laughs") attacks. Raise this if legitimate large documents are being rejected, or lower
+        /// it to fail faster when only small documents are expected. Cannot exceed
+        /// <see cref="MaximumAllowedNodeCount"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <exception cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Thrown when set outside the supported range.</exception>
+        public static uint MaxNodeCount
+        {
+            get => _maxNodeCount;
+            set
+            {
+                ValidateMaxNodeCount(value, nameof(value));
+                _maxNodeCount = value;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the maximum number of JSON nodes that may be materialized from YAML aliases.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <exception cref="ArgumentOutOfRangeException">Thrown when set to zero.</exception>
+        public static uint MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount
+        {
+            get => _maxAliasExpansionNodeCount;
+            set
+            {
+                if (value == 0)
+                {
+                    throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(value), "MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount must be greater than zero.");
+                }
+
+                _maxAliasExpansionNodeCount = value;
+            }
+        }
+
+        internal static void ValidateMaxDepth(uint value, string parameterName)
+        {
+            if (value == 0 || value > MaximumAllowedDepth)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(parameterName, $"MaxDepth must be between 1 and {MaximumAllowedDepth}.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        internal static void ValidateMaxNodeCount(uint value, string parameterName)
+        {
+            if (value == 0 || value > MaximumAllowedNodeCount)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(parameterName, $"MaxNodeCount must be between 1 and {MaximumAllowedNodeCount}.");
+            }
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Converts all of the documents in a YAML stream to <see cref="JsonNode"/>s.
         /// </summary>
@@ -42,13 +149,7 @@ public static JsonNode ToJsonNode(this YamlDocument yaml)
         /// <exception cref="NotSupportedException">Thrown for YAML that is not compatible with JSON.</exception>
         public static JsonNode ToJsonNode(this YamlNode yaml)
         {
-            return yaml switch
-            {
-                YamlMappingNode map => map.ToJsonObject(),
-                YamlSequenceNode seq => seq.ToJsonArray(),
-                YamlScalarNode scalar => scalar.ToJsonValue(),
-                _ => throw new NotSupportedException("This yaml isn't convertible to JSON")
-            };
+            return CreateConversionContext().Convert(yaml, 0).Node;
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -79,14 +180,7 @@ public static YamlNode ToYamlNode(this JsonNode json)
         /// <returns></returns>
         public static JsonObject ToJsonObject(this YamlMappingNode yaml)
         {
-            var node = new JsonObject();
-            foreach (var keyValuePair in yaml)
-            {
-                var key = ((YamlScalarNode)keyValuePair.Key).Value!;
-                node[key] = keyValuePair.Value.ToJsonNode();
-            }
-
-            return node;
+            return (JsonObject)CreateConversionContext().Convert(yaml, 0).Node;
         }
 
         private static YamlMappingNode ToYamlMapping(this JsonObject obj)
@@ -104,13 +198,7 @@ private static YamlMappingNode ToYamlMapping(this JsonObject obj)
         /// <returns></returns>
         public static JsonArray ToJsonArray(this YamlSequenceNode yaml)
         {
-            var node = new JsonArray();
-            foreach (var value in yaml)
-            {
-                node.Add(value.ToJsonNode());
-            }
-
-            return node;
+            return (JsonArray)CreateConversionContext().Convert(yaml, 0).Node;
         }
 
         private static YamlSequenceNode ToYamlSequence(this JsonArray arr)
@@ -126,19 +214,150 @@ private static YamlSequenceNode ToYamlSequence(this JsonArray arr)
             "NULL"
         };
 
-        private static JsonValue ToJsonValue(this YamlScalarNode yaml)
+        private static YamlConversionContext CreateConversionContext()
         {
-            return yaml.Style switch
+            var maxDepth = MaxDepth;
+            var maxNodeCount = MaxNodeCount;
+            var maxAliasExpansionNodeCount = MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount;
+            ValidateMaxDepth(maxDepth, nameof(MaxDepth));
+            return new(
+                new YamlConversionBudget(maxDepth, maxNodeCount, maxAliasExpansionNodeCount));
+        }
+
+        internal static JsonValue ToJsonValue(string? value, ScalarStyle style)
+        {
+            return style switch
             {
-                ScalarStyle.Plain when decimal.TryParse(yaml.Value, NumberStyles.Float, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out var d) => JsonValue.Create(d),
-                ScalarStyle.Plain when bool.TryParse(yaml.Value, out var b) => JsonValue.Create(b),
-                ScalarStyle.Plain when YamlNullRepresentations.Contains(yaml.Value) => (JsonValue)JsonNullSentinel.JsonNull.DeepClone(),
-                ScalarStyle.Plain => JsonValue.Create(yaml.Value),
-                ScalarStyle.SingleQuoted or ScalarStyle.DoubleQuoted or ScalarStyle.Literal or ScalarStyle.Folded or ScalarStyle.Any => JsonValue.Create(yaml.Value),
-                _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(yaml)),
+                ScalarStyle.Plain when decimal.TryParse(value, NumberStyles.Float, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out var d) => JsonValue.Create(d),
+                ScalarStyle.Plain when bool.TryParse(value, out var b) => JsonValue.Create(b),
+                ScalarStyle.Plain when value is not null && YamlNullRepresentations.Contains(value) => (JsonValue)JsonNullSentinel.JsonNull.DeepClone(),
+                ScalarStyle.Plain => JsonValue.Create(value ?? string.Empty),
+                ScalarStyle.SingleQuoted or ScalarStyle.DoubleQuoted or ScalarStyle.Literal or ScalarStyle.Folded or ScalarStyle.Any => JsonValue.Create(value ?? string.Empty),
+                _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(style)),
             };
         }
 
+        private sealed class YamlConversionContext
+        {
+            private readonly YamlConversionBudget _budget;
+            private readonly Dictionary<YamlNode, MaterializedNode> _completed = new(ReferenceEqualityComparer<YamlNode>.Instance);
+            private readonly HashSet<YamlNode> _active = new(ReferenceEqualityComparer<YamlNode>.Instance);
+
+            public YamlConversionContext(YamlConversionBudget budget)
+            {
+                _budget = budget;
+            }
+
+            public MaterializedNode Convert(YamlNode yaml, uint depth)
+            {
+                try
+                {
+                    RuntimeHelpers.EnsureSufficientExecutionStack();
+                }
+                catch (InsufficientExecutionStackException ex)
+                {
+                    throw new OpenApiReaderException("The YAML node graph is too deeply nested to convert safely.", ex);
+                }
+
+                if (_active.Contains(yaml))
+                {
+                    throw new OpenApiReaderException("The YAML node graph contains a cycle.");
+                }
+
+                if (_completed.TryGetValue(yaml, out var completed))
+                {
+                    _budget.EnterAlias(depth, completed.NodeCount, completed.Height);
+                    return new(completed.Node.DeepClone(), completed.NodeCount, completed.Height);
+                }
+
+                _budget.EnterNode(depth);
+                _active.Add(yaml);
+                try
+                {
+                    var materialized = yaml switch
+                    {
+                        YamlMappingNode map => ConvertMapping(map, depth),
+                        YamlSequenceNode sequence => ConvertSequence(sequence, depth),
+                        YamlScalarNode scalar => new MaterializedNode(ToJsonValue(scalar.Value, scalar.Style), 1, 1),
+                        _ => throw new NotSupportedException("This yaml isn't convertible to JSON")
+                    };
+                    _completed.Add(yaml, materialized);
+                    return materialized;
+                }
+                finally
+                {
+                    _active.Remove(yaml);
+                }
+            }
+
+            private MaterializedNode ConvertMapping(YamlMappingNode yaml, uint depth)
+            {
+                var node = new JsonObject();
+                uint nodeCount = 1;
+                uint maxChildHeight = 0;
+                foreach (var keyValuePair in yaml)
+                {
+                    if (keyValuePair.Key is not YamlScalarNode scalarKey || scalarKey.Value is null)
+                    {
+                        throw new OpenApiReaderException("YAML mapping keys must be scalar values.");
+                    }
+
+                    if (node.ContainsKey(scalarKey.Value))
+                    {
+                        throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML mapping contains the duplicate key '{scalarKey.Value}'.");
+                    }
+
+                    var child = Convert(keyValuePair.Value, depth + 1);
+                    node.Add(scalarKey.Value, child.Node);
+                    nodeCount = checked(nodeCount + child.NodeCount);
+                    maxChildHeight = Math.Max(maxChildHeight, child.Height);
+                }
+
+                return new(node, nodeCount, maxChildHeight + 1);
+            }
+
+            private MaterializedNode ConvertSequence(YamlSequenceNode yaml, uint depth)
+            {
+                var node = new JsonArray();
+                uint nodeCount = 1;
+                uint maxChildHeight = 0;
+                foreach (var value in yaml)
+                {
+                    var child = Convert(value, depth + 1);
+                    node.Add(child.Node);
+                    nodeCount = checked(nodeCount + child.NodeCount);
+                    maxChildHeight = Math.Max(maxChildHeight, child.Height);
+                }
+
+                return new(node, nodeCount, maxChildHeight + 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private sealed class MaterializedNode
+        {
+            public MaterializedNode(JsonNode node, uint nodeCount, uint height)
+            {
+                Node = node;
+                NodeCount = nodeCount;
+                Height = height;
+            }
+
+            public JsonNode Node { get; }
+            public uint NodeCount { get; }
+
+            /// <summary>Number of levels in this subtree, where a scalar has height 1.</summary>
+            public uint Height { get; }
+        }
+
+        private sealed class ReferenceEqualityComparer<T> : IEqualityComparer<T> where T : class
+        {
+            public static ReferenceEqualityComparer<T> Instance { get; } = new();
+
+            public bool Equals(T? x, T? y) => ReferenceEquals(x, y);
+
+            public int GetHashCode(T obj) => RuntimeHelpers.GetHashCode(obj);
+        }
+
         private static bool NeedsQuoting(string value) =>
         string.IsNullOrEmpty(value) ||
         decimal.TryParse(value, NumberStyles.Float, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out _) ||
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlJsonParser.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlJsonParser.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c7a3aab90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader/YamlJsonParser.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
+using System.Threading;
+using SharpYaml;
+using SharpYaml.Events;
+
+namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Iteratively materializes the first YAML document from parser events under resource limits.
+/// </summary>
+internal sealed class YamlJsonParser
+{
+    private const int LookAheadBufferCapacity = 8;
+
+    private readonly YamlConversionBudget _budget;
+    private readonly Dictionary<string, MaterializedNode> _anchors = new(StringComparer.Ordinal);
+    private readonly HashSet<string> _activeAnchors = new(StringComparer.Ordinal);
+    private readonly Stack<ContainerFrame> _containers = new();
+    private readonly uint _maxScalarLength;
+    private readonly uint _maxDepth;
+    private JsonNode? _root;
+
+    public YamlJsonParser(OpenApiYamlReaderSettings settings)
+    {
+        _budget = new(settings.MaxDepth, settings.MaxNodeCount, settings.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount);
+        _maxScalarLength = settings.MaxScalarLength;
+        _maxDepth = settings.MaxDepth;
+    }
+
+    public JsonNode Parse(TextReader input, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+        var cancellationReader = new CancellationTokenTextReader(input, cancellationToken);
+
+        // SharpYaml applies its own nesting limit, defaulting to 64. Passing the configured limit
+        // keeps the two enforcement points in agreement; leaving it unset would silently cap every
+        // reader at 64 regardless of MaxDepth, making values above the default a no-op.
+        var parser = new Parser<LookAheadBuffer>(
+            new LookAheadBuffer(cancellationReader, LookAheadBufferCapacity),
+            (int)_maxDepth);
+        var documentStarted = false;
+
+        while (true)
+        {
+            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+            if (!parser.MoveNext())
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            switch (parser.Current)
+            {
+                case StreamStart:
+                    break;
+                case DocumentStart:
+                    documentStarted = true;
+                    break;
+                case MappingStart mappingStart:
+                    StartContainer(new JsonObject(), mappingStart.Anchor);
+                    break;
+                case SequenceStart sequenceStart:
+                    StartContainer(new JsonArray(), sequenceStart.Anchor);
+                    break;
+                case Scalar scalar:
+                    AddScalar(scalar, cancellationToken);
+                    break;
+                case AnchorAlias alias:
+                    AddAlias(alias, cancellationToken);
+                    break;
+                case MappingEnd:
+                case SequenceEnd:
+                    EndContainer();
+                    break;
+                case DocumentEnd:
+                    return _root ?? throw new OpenApiReaderException("No content found in the YAML document.");
+                case StreamEnd:
+                    if (documentStarted)
+                    {
+                        return _root ?? throw new OpenApiReaderException("No content found in the YAML document.");
+                    }
+
+                    throw new OpenApiReaderException("No documents found in the YAML stream.");
+                default:
+                    throw new OpenApiReaderException(
+                        $"Unsupported YAML parser event '{parser.Current?.GetType().Name ?? "<null>"}'.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        throw new OpenApiReaderException("No documents found in the YAML stream.");
+    }
+
+    private void StartContainer(JsonNode container, string? anchor)
+    {
+        _budget.EnterNode((uint)_containers.Count);
+        RegisterActiveAnchor(anchor);
+        _containers.Push(new(container, anchor));
+    }
+
+    private void AddScalar(Scalar scalar, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        if (scalar.Value is { } value && value.Length > _maxScalarLength)
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException(
+                $"The YAML scalar exceeds the maximum supported length of {_maxScalarLength} characters.");
+        }
+
+        _budget.EnterNode((uint)_containers.Count);
+        cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+        var materialized = new MaterializedNode(
+            YamlConverter.ToJsonValue(scalar.Value, scalar.Style),
+            1,
+            1,
+            scalar.Value);
+
+        RegisterCompletedAnchor(scalar.Anchor, materialized);
+        AddNode(materialized);
+    }
+
+    private void AddAlias(AnchorAlias alias, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    {
+        if (_activeAnchors.Contains(alias.Value))
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML alias '*{alias.Value}' forms a cycle.");
+        }
+
+        if (!_anchors.TryGetValue(alias.Value, out var anchor))
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML alias '*{alias.Value}' refers to an unknown anchor.");
+        }
+
+        _budget.EnterAlias((uint)_containers.Count, anchor.NodeCount, anchor.Height);
+        cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+        AddNode(new(anchor.Node.DeepClone(), anchor.NodeCount, anchor.Height, anchor.MappingKey));
+    }
+
+    private void EndContainer()
+    {
+        if (_containers.Count == 0)
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException("The YAML document contains an unexpected container terminator.");
+        }
+
+        var frame = _containers.Pop();
+        if (frame.PendingKey is not null)
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException("The YAML mapping contains a key without a value.");
+        }
+
+        var materialized = new MaterializedNode(frame.Container, frame.NodeCount, frame.MaxChildHeight + 1, null);
+        if (frame.Anchor is not null)
+        {
+            _activeAnchors.Remove(frame.Anchor);
+            _anchors.Add(frame.Anchor, materialized);
+        }
+
+        AddNode(materialized);
+    }
+
+    private void AddNode(MaterializedNode materialized)
+    {
+        if (_containers.Count == 0)
+        {
+            if (_root is not null)
+            {
+                throw new OpenApiReaderException("The YAML document contains more than one root node.");
+            }
+
+            _root = materialized.Node;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        var frame = _containers.Peek();
+        switch (frame.Container)
+        {
+            case JsonArray array:
+                array.Add(materialized.Node);
+                frame.NodeCount = checked(frame.NodeCount + materialized.NodeCount);
+                frame.MaxChildHeight = Math.Max(frame.MaxChildHeight, materialized.Height);
+                break;
+            case JsonObject when frame.PendingKey is null:
+                frame.PendingKey = materialized.MappingKey
+                    ?? throw new OpenApiReaderException("YAML mapping keys must be scalar values.");
+                break;
+            case JsonObject map:
+                if (map.ContainsKey(frame.PendingKey))
+                {
+                    throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML mapping contains the duplicate key '{frame.PendingKey}'.");
+                }
+
+                map.Add(frame.PendingKey, materialized.Node);
+                frame.PendingKey = null;
+                frame.NodeCount = checked(frame.NodeCount + materialized.NodeCount);
+                frame.MaxChildHeight = Math.Max(frame.MaxChildHeight, materialized.Height);
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void RegisterActiveAnchor(string? anchor)
+    {
+        if (anchor is null || anchor.Length == 0)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (_anchors.ContainsKey(anchor) || !_activeAnchors.Add(anchor))
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML document contains the duplicate anchor '&{anchor}'.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void RegisterCompletedAnchor(string? anchor, MaterializedNode materialized)
+    {
+        if (anchor is null || anchor.Length == 0)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (_anchors.ContainsKey(anchor) || _activeAnchors.Contains(anchor))
+        {
+            throw new OpenApiReaderException($"The YAML document contains the duplicate anchor '&{anchor}'.");
+        }
+
+        _anchors.Add(anchor, materialized);
+    }
+
+    private sealed class ContainerFrame(JsonNode container, string? anchor)
+    {
+        public JsonNode Container { get; } = container;
+        public string? Anchor { get; } = anchor;
+        public string? PendingKey { get; set; }
+        public uint NodeCount { get; set; } = 1;
+
+        /// <summary>Height of the tallest child added so far; 0 while the container is empty.</summary>
+        public uint MaxChildHeight { get; set; }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class MaterializedNode
+    {
+        public MaterializedNode(JsonNode node, uint nodeCount, uint height, string? mappingKey)
+        {
+            Node = node;
+            NodeCount = nodeCount;
+            Height = height;
+            MappingKey = mappingKey;
+        }
+
+        public JsonNode Node { get; }
+        public uint NodeCount { get; }
+
+        /// <summary>Number of levels in this subtree, where a scalar has height 1.</summary>
+        public uint Height { get; }
+
+        public string? MappingKey { get; }
+    }
+
+    private sealed class CancellationTokenTextReader(TextReader innerReader, CancellationToken cancellationToken) : TextReader
+    {
+        public override int Peek()
+        {
+            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+            return innerReader.Peek();
+        }
+
+        public override int Read()
+        {
+            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+            return innerReader.Read();
+        }
+
+        public override int Read(char[] buffer, int index, int count)
+        {
+            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+            return innerReader.Read(buffer, index, count);
+        }
+
+        public override string? ReadLine()
+        {
+            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+            return base.ReadLine();
+        }
+
+        public override string ReadToEnd()
+        {
+            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+            return base.ReadToEnd();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Extensions/OpenApiTypeMapper.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Extensions/OpenApiTypeMapper.cs
index 8d557b4d1..1ad3a5b8f 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Extensions/OpenApiTypeMapper.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Extensions/OpenApiTypeMapper.cs
@@ -69,7 +69,12 @@ internal static string ToFirstIdentifier(this JsonSchemaType schemaType)
         /// <returns></returns>
         internal static string ToSingleIdentifier(this JsonSchemaType schemaType)
         {
-            return schemaType.ToIdentifiersInternal().Single();
+            if (allSchemaTypes.TryGetValue(schemaType, out var schemaTypeString))
+            {
+                return schemaTypeString;
+            }
+
+            throw new InvalidOperationException($"ToSingleIdentifier is called with unexpected value '{schemaType}'. Callers must ensure this is called with a valid single value JsonSchemaType.");
         }
 
         /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Microsoft.OpenApi.csproj b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Microsoft.OpenApi.csproj
index 81729fa20..8e1ebb555 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Microsoft.OpenApi.csproj
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Microsoft.OpenApi.csproj
@@ -24,13 +24,10 @@
         <ContinuousIntegrationBuild>true</ContinuousIntegrationBuild>
     </PropertyGroup>
     <ItemGroup>        
-        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.PublicApiAnalyzers" Version="5.6.0">
-          <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
-          <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
-        </PackageReference>        
-        <PackageReference Include="System.Text.Json" Version="[8.0.5,)" />
-        <NuGetAuditSuppress Include="https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hh2w-p6rv-4g7w" />
-        <NuGetAuditSuppress Include="https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8g4q-xg66-9fp4" />
+        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.PublicApiAnalyzers" Version="5.6.0" PrivateAssets="all" />
+
+        <!-- We don't need the package reference under .NET 8. We get STJ from the BCL. -->
+        <PackageReference Include="System.Text.Json" Version="[8.0.5,)" Condition="!$([MSBuild]::IsTargetFrameworkCompatible('$(TargetFramework)', 'net8.0'))"  />
     </ItemGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/Interfaces/IOpenApiParameter.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/Interfaces/IOpenApiParameter.cs
index 5669a0bb3..586043d79 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/Interfaces/IOpenApiParameter.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/Interfaces/IOpenApiParameter.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi;
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ public interface IOpenApiParameter : IOpenApiDescribedElement, IOpenApiReadOnlyE
     /// If style is used, and if behavior is n/a (cannot be serialized),
     /// the value of allowEmptyValue SHALL be ignored.
     /// </summary>
+    [Obsolete("Use of AllowEmptyValue is not recommended and it is likely to be removed in a later revision.")]
     public bool AllowEmptyValue { get; }
 
     /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/Interfaces/IOpenApiSchema.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/Interfaces/IOpenApiSchema.cs
index 7cb85f100..476b2a853 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/Interfaces/IOpenApiSchema.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/Interfaces/IOpenApiSchema.cs
@@ -243,6 +243,7 @@ public interface IOpenApiSchema : IOpenApiDescribedElement, IOpenApiReadOnlyExte
     /// You must use the <see cref="JsonNullSentinel.IsJsonNullSentinel(JsonNode?)"/> method to check whether Default was assigned a null value in the document.
     /// Assign <see cref="JsonNullSentinel.JsonNull"/> to use get null as a serialized value.
     /// </summary>
+    [Obsolete("Use Examples instead.")]
     public JsonNode? Example { get; }
 
     /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/JsonSchemaReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/JsonSchemaReference.cs
index 51fec64c6..c495ddbea 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/JsonSchemaReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/JsonSchemaReference.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 /// <summary>
 /// Schema reference information that includes metadata annotations from JSON Schema 2020-12.
 /// This class extends OpenApiReference to provide schema-specific metadata override capabilities.
@@ -267,6 +269,7 @@ public string? Const
     /// A free-form property to include an example of an instance for this schema.
     /// Follow <see href="https://spec.openapis.org/oas/v3.1.1.html#schema-object">OpenAPI Schema Object definition</see>.
     /// </summary>
+    [Obsolete("Use Examples instead.")]
     public JsonNode? Example { get; set; }
 
     /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiConstants.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiConstants.cs
index 11f3926c5..706af35fc 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiConstants.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiConstants.cs
@@ -235,6 +235,11 @@ public static class OpenApiConstants
         /// </summary>
         public const string Identifier = "identifier";
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Field: x-oai-license-identifier
+        /// </summary>
+        public const string OaiLicenseIdentifier = "x-oai-license-identifier";
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Field: Namespace
         /// </summary>
@@ -770,6 +775,11 @@ public static class OpenApiConstants
         /// </summary>
         public const string OAuth2MetadataUrl = "oauth2MetadataUrl";
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Extension: x-oai-oauth2-metadata-url
+        /// </summary>
+        internal const string OAuth2MetadataUrlExtension = "x-oai-oauth2-metadata-url";
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Field: OpenIdConnectUrl
         /// </summary>
@@ -805,6 +815,11 @@ public static class OpenApiConstants
         /// </summary>
         public const string ExamplesExtension = "x-examples";
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Extension: x-jsonschema-examples
+        /// </summary>
+        public const string JsonSchemaExamplesExtension = "x-jsonschema-examples";
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Field: version3_0_0
         /// </summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiLicense.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiLicense.cs
index 6645cc8d3..4c9a32945 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiLicense.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiLicense.cs
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ public virtual void SerializeAsV31(IOpenApiWriter writer)
         public virtual void SerializeAsV3(IOpenApiWriter writer)
         {
             WriteInternal(writer, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.OaiLicenseIdentifier, Identifier);
             writer.WriteEndObject();
         }
 
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ public virtual void SerializeAsV3(IOpenApiWriter writer)
         public virtual void SerializeAsV2(IOpenApiWriter writer)
         {
             WriteInternal(writer, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.OaiLicenseIdentifier, Identifier);
             writer.WriteEndObject();
         }
 
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiParameter.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiParameter.cs
index d6b060a78..24c8db173 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiParameter.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiParameter.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi
 {
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
     /// <summary>
     /// Parameter Object.
     /// </summary>
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ public class OpenApiParameter : IOpenApiExtensible, IOpenApiParameter
         public bool Deprecated { get; set; }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
+        [Obsolete("Use of AllowEmptyValue is not recommended and it is likely to be removed in a later revision.")]
         public bool AllowEmptyValue { get; set; }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiSchema.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiSchema.cs
index 2ae310294..79bd88dd5 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiSchema.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiSchema.cs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.OpenApi
     /// </summary>
     public class OpenApiSchema : IOpenApiExtensible, IOpenApiSchema, IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties, IOpenApiSchemaWithUnevaluatedProperties, IMetadataContainer
     {
-        private static readonly IEnumerable<JsonNode> s_singleNullElementList = [ JsonNullSentinel.JsonNull ];
+        private static readonly IEnumerable<JsonNode> s_singleNullElementList = [JsonNullSentinel.JsonNull];
 
         /// <inheritdoc />
         public string? Title { get; set; }
@@ -251,6 +251,7 @@ public string? Minimum
         public OpenApiDiscriminator? Discriminator { get; set; }
 
         /// <inheritdoc />
+        [Obsolete("Use Examples instead.")]
         public JsonNode? Example { get; set; }
 
         /// <inheritdoc />
@@ -549,7 +550,7 @@ private void SerializeInternal(IOpenApiWriter writer, OpenApiSpecVersion version
             }
 
             // type
-            var serializedTypeProperty = TrySerializeTypeProperty(writer, version);
+            SerializeTypePropertyForVersion3AndLater(writer, version, callback);
 
             // allOf
             writer.WriteOptionalCollection(OpenApiConstants.AllOf, AllOf, callback);
@@ -594,13 +595,13 @@ private void SerializeInternal(IOpenApiWriter writer, OpenApiSpecVersion version
             writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.Default, Default, (w, d) => w.WriteAny(d));
 
             // nullable
-            if (version == OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0 && serializedTypeProperty)
+            if (version == OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0)
             {
                 // https://spec.openapis.org/oas/v3.0.4.html#fixed-fields-20
                 // This keyword only takes effect if type is explicitly defined within the same Schema Object.
                 //
-                // If the user explicitly set IsNullable to true, we serialize it even if redundant.
-                // But if **we** are inferring it (from oneOf/anyOf), we don't serialize it when it's redundant.
+                // We don't care to avoid an unnecessary serialization.
+                // So, we attempt to serialize it regardless of whether or not a type property was serialized.
                 SerializeNullable(writer, version);
             }
 
@@ -620,7 +621,10 @@ private void SerializeInternal(IOpenApiWriter writer, OpenApiSpecVersion version
             writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.ExternalDocs, ExternalDocs, callback);
 
             // example
-            writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.Example, Example, (w, e) => w.WriteAny(e));
+            writer.WriteOptionalObject(
+                OpenApiConstants.Example,
+                version < OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1 ? GetCompatibilityExample() : Example,
+                (w, e) => w.WriteAny(e));
 
             // deprecated
             writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Deprecated, Deprecated, false);
@@ -681,7 +685,7 @@ internal void WriteJsonSchemaKeywords(IOpenApiWriter writer, Action<IOpenApiWrit
             writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Id, Id);
             writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.DollarSchema, Schema?.ToString());
             writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Comment, Comment);
-            
+
             if (WasConstExplicitlySet)
             {
                 writer.WriteRequiredProperty(OpenApiConstants.Const, Const);
@@ -692,7 +696,7 @@ internal void WriteJsonSchemaKeywords(IOpenApiWriter writer, Action<IOpenApiWrit
             writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Anchor, Anchor);
             writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.DynamicRef, DynamicRef);
             writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.DynamicAnchor, DynamicAnchor);
-            
+
             // UnevaluatedProperties: similar to AdditionalProperties, serialize as schema if present, else as boolean.
             // Only emit when the type could include objects.
             // Skip when type is explicitly set to a non-object type (array, string, number, integer, boolean, null).
@@ -746,6 +750,7 @@ private void WriteV3CompatibilityKeywords(IOpenApiWriter writer, Action<IOpenApi
             writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.IfExtension, If, callback);
             writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.ThenExtension, Then, callback);
             writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.ElseExtension, Else, callback);
+            writer.WriteOptionalCollection(OpenApiConstants.JsonSchemaExamplesExtension, GetCompatibilityExamplesExtension(), (nodeWriter, s) => nodeWriter.WriteAny(s));
         }
 
         internal void WriteAsItemsProperties(IOpenApiWriter writer)
@@ -833,7 +838,7 @@ private void SerializeAsV2(
             writer.WriteStartObject();
 
             // type
-            TrySerializeTypeProperty(writer, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            SerializeTypePropertyForVersion2(writer);
 
             // description
             writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Description, Description);
@@ -915,7 +920,7 @@ private void SerializeAsV2(
                     // oneOf (Not Supported in V2) - Write the first schema only as an allOf.
                     writer.WriteOptionalCollection(OpenApiConstants.AllOf, OneOf?.Take(1), (w, s) => s.SerializeAsV2(w));
                 }
-            #pragma warning restore CS0618
+#pragma warning restore CS0618
             }
 
             // properties
@@ -959,7 +964,7 @@ private void SerializeAsV2(
             writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.ExternalDocs, ExternalDocs, (w, s) => s.SerializeAsV2(w));
 
             // example
-            writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.Example, Example, (w, e) => w.WriteAny(e));
+            writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.Example, GetCompatibilityExample(), (w, e) => w.WriteAny(e));
 
             // x-nullable extension
             SerializeNullable(writer, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
@@ -990,70 +995,147 @@ private void SerializeAsV2(
                 writer.WriteOptionalMap(OpenApiConstants.PatternPropertiesExtension, PatternProperties, (w, s) => s.SerializeAsV2(w));
             }
 
+            writer.WriteOptionalCollection(OpenApiConstants.JsonSchemaExamplesExtension, GetCompatibilityExamplesExtension(), (nodeWriter, s) => nodeWriter.WriteAny(s));
+
             // extensions
             writer.WriteExtensions(Extensions, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
 
             writer.WriteEndObject();
         }
 
-        private bool TrySerializeTypeProperty(IOpenApiWriter writer, OpenApiSpecVersion version, JsonSchemaType? inferredType = null)
+        private void SerializeTypePropertyForVersion2(IOpenApiWriter writer)
         {
-            // Use original type or inferred type when the explicit type is not set
-            var typeToUse = Type ?? inferredType;
+            if (Type is not { } type || type == JsonSchemaType.Null)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
 
-            if (typeToUse is null)
+            var typeWithoutNull = type & ~JsonSchemaType.Null;
+            if (!HasMultipleTypes(typeWithoutNull))
             {
-                return false;
+                writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Type, typeWithoutNull.ToFirstIdentifier());
             }
+        }
 
-            switch (version)
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Serializes the "type" property for OpenAPI v3 and later versions,
+        /// falling back to anyOf/oneOf when multiple types cannot be expressed
+        /// using the "type" property alone (OpenAPI 3.0).
+        /// </summary>
+        private void SerializeTypePropertyForVersion3AndLater(IOpenApiWriter writer, OpenApiSpecVersion version, Action<IOpenApiWriter, IOpenApiSerializable> callback)
+        {
+            if (Type is not { } type)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (version == OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0)
             {
-                case OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0 or OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0:
-                    var typeWithoutNull = typeToUse.Value & ~JsonSchemaType.Null;
-                    if (typeWithoutNull != 0 && !HasMultipleTypes(typeWithoutNull))
+                if (type == JsonSchemaType.Null)
+                {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                var typeWithoutNull = type & ~JsonSchemaType.Null;
+                var hasNull = typeWithoutNull != type;
+                var arrayWithoutNull = (from JsonSchemaType flag in jsonSchemaTypeValues
+                                        where typeWithoutNull.HasFlag(flag)
+                                        select flag).ToArray();
+
+                // - If we have more than one type (excluding null), we have to use anyOf/oneOf.
+                // - If we have exactly one type alone (without null), we emit the type property.
+                // - If we have exactly one non-null type and also we have the null type, we emit the type property and nullable: true (handled in SerializeNullable)
+                if (arrayWithoutNull.Length > 1)
+                {
+                    // If the schema doesn't already have anyOf/oneOf, we can write multiple types as such.
+                    var canWriteAsAnyOf = AnyOf is not { Count: > 0 };
+                    var canWriteAsOneOf = OneOf is not { Count: > 0 };
+                    if (canWriteAsAnyOf)
+                    {
+                        writer.WriteOptionalCollection(OpenApiConstants.AnyOf, ConstructChildSchemasForTypes(arrayWithoutNull, hasNull), callback);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    else if (canWriteAsOneOf)
                     {
-                        writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Type, typeWithoutNull.ToFirstIdentifier());
-                        return true;
+                        writer.WriteOptionalCollection(OpenApiConstants.OneOf, ConstructChildSchemasForTypes(arrayWithoutNull, hasNull), callback);
+                        return;
                     }
-                    break;
-                default:
-                    WriteUnifiedSchemaType(typeToUse.Value, writer);
-                    return true;
+                }
+                else if (arrayWithoutNull.Length == 1)
+                {
+                    writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Type, arrayWithoutNull[0].ToSingleIdentifier());
+                    return;
+                }
             }
+            else
+            {
+                var array = (from JsonSchemaType flag in jsonSchemaTypeValues
+                                        where type.HasFlag(flag)
+                                        select flag).ToArray();
 
-            return false;
-        }
+                if (array.Length > 1)
+                {
+                    writer.WriteOptionalCollection(OpenApiConstants.Type, array, (w, s) => w.WriteValue(s.ToSingleIdentifier()));
+                }
+                else if (array.Length == 1)
+                {
+                    writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Type, array[0].ToSingleIdentifier());
+                }
+            }
 
-        private static bool IsPowerOfTwo(int x)
-        {
-            return x != 0 && (x & (x - 1)) == 0;
+            static OpenApiSchema[] ConstructChildSchemasForTypes(JsonSchemaType[] types, bool hasNull)
+            {
+                var schemas = new OpenApiSchema[types.Length + (hasNull ? 1 : 0)];
+                for (int i = 0; i < types.Length; i++)
+                {
+                    schemas[i] = new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Type = types[i]
+                    };
+                }
+
+                if (hasNull)
+                {
+                    schemas[schemas.Length - 1] = new OpenApiSchema() { Type = JsonSchemaType.Null };
+                }
+
+                return schemas;
+            }
         }
 
-        private static bool HasMultipleTypes(JsonSchemaType schemaType)
+        private JsonNode? GetCompatibilityExample()
         {
-            var schemaTypeNumeric = (int)schemaType;
-            return !IsPowerOfTwo(schemaTypeNumeric);
+#pragma warning disable CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+            return Example ?? Examples?.FirstOrDefault();
+#pragma warning restore CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
         }
 
-        private static void WriteUnifiedSchemaType(JsonSchemaType type, IOpenApiWriter writer)
+        private IEnumerable<JsonNode>? GetCompatibilityExamplesExtension()
         {
-            var array = (from JsonSchemaType flag in jsonSchemaTypeValues
-                         where type.HasFlag(flag)
-                         select flag.ToFirstIdentifier()).ToArray();
-            if (array.Length > 1)
+            if (Examples is null || Examples.Count == 0)
             {
-                writer.WriteOptionalCollection(OpenApiConstants.Type, array, (w, s) =>
-                {
-                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(s) && s is not null)
-                    {
-                        w.WriteValue(s);
-                    }
-                });
+                return null;
             }
-            else
+
+#pragma warning disable CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+            if (Example is not null)
             {
-                writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.Type, array[0]);
+                return Examples;
             }
+#pragma warning restore CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+
+            return Examples.Count > 1 ? Examples.Skip(1) : null;
+        }
+
+        private static bool IsPowerOfTwo(int x)
+        {
+            return x != 0 && (x & (x - 1)) == 0;
+        }
+
+        private static bool HasMultipleTypes(JsonSchemaType schemaType)
+        {
+            var schemaTypeNumeric = (int)schemaType;
+            return !IsPowerOfTwo(schemaTypeNumeric);
         }
 
         private void SerializeNullable(IOpenApiWriter writer, OpenApiSpecVersion version)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiSecurityScheme.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiSecurityScheme.cs
index 35f491e5b..225910968 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiSecurityScheme.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiSecurityScheme.cs
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ private void SerializeInternal(IOpenApiWriter writer, OpenApiSpecVersion version
                     }
                     else
                     {
-                        writer.WriteProperty("x-oauth2-metadata-url", OAuth2MetadataUrl?.ToString());
+                        writer.WriteProperty(OpenApiConstants.OAuth2MetadataUrlExtension, OAuth2MetadataUrl?.ToString());
                     }
                     writer.WriteOptionalObject(OpenApiConstants.Flows, Flows, callback);
                     break;
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiXml.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiXml.cs
index 82d7c2180..6e4e88962 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiXml.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/OpenApiXml.cs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public class OpenApiXml : IOpenApiSerializable, IOpenApiExtensible
         /// Declares whether the property definition translates to an attribute instead of an element.
         /// Default value is false.
         /// </summary>
-        [Obsolete("Use NodeType property instead. This property will be removed in a future version.")]
+        [Obsolete("Use NodeType set to OpenApiXmlNodeType.Attribute instead. This property will be removed in a future version.")]
         internal bool Attribute
         {
             get
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ internal bool Attribute
         /// Signifies whether the array is wrapped.
         /// Default value is false.
         /// </summary>
-        [Obsolete("Use NodeType property instead. This property will be removed in a future version.")]
+        [Obsolete("Use NodeType set to OpenApiXmlNodeType.Element instead. This property will be removed in a future version.")]
         internal bool Wrapped
         {
             get
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder.cs
index ed2936bd4..2af750476 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi;
 /// <summary>
@@ -10,6 +11,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.OpenApi;
 /// <typeparam name="V">The type for the reference holding the additional fields and annotations</typeparam>
 public abstract class BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V> : IOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V> where T : class, IOpenApiReferenceable, U where U : IOpenApiReferenceable, IOpenApiSerializable where V : BaseOpenApiReference, new()
 {
+    [ThreadStatic]
+    private static HashSet<BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>>? t_activeReferenceAccesses;
+    [ThreadStatic]
+    private static HashSet<BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>>? t_activeTargetActions;
+
     /// <inheritdoc/>
     public virtual U? Target
     {
@@ -19,28 +25,129 @@ public virtual U? Target
             return Reference.HostDocument.ResolveReferenceTo<U>(Reference, this as IOpenApiSchema);
         }
     }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets a value from the resolved target while detecting cycles in delegated member access.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="TResult">The type of value to get from the target.</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="selector">Selects the value from the resolved target.</param>
+    /// <returns>The selected value, or the default value when the target cannot be resolved.</returns>
+    /// <remarks>
+    /// The guard remains active while <paramref name="selector"/> reads the target member. This covers
+    /// the complete delegated call chain without changing the immediate-resolution semantics of
+    /// <see cref="Target"/> or walking an acyclic chain more than once.
+    /// </remarks>
+    private protected TResult GetFromTarget<TResult>(Func<U, TResult> selector)
+    {
+        Utils.CheckArgumentNull(selector);
+        return ExecuteWithReferenceAccessGuard(this, () =>
+        {
+            return Target is { } target ? selector(target) : default!;
+        });
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Executes an action against the resolved target while detecting cycles in delegated access.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="action">The action to execute against the resolved target.</param>
+    private protected void ApplyToTarget(Action<U> action)
+    {
+        Utils.CheckArgumentNull(action);
+        ExecuteWithTargetActionGuard<object?>(this, () =>
+        {
+            if (Target is { } target)
+            {
+                action(target);
+            }
+            return null;
+        });
+    }
+
+    private static TResult ExecuteWithReferenceAccessGuard<TResult>(
+        BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V> holder,
+        Func<TResult> action)
+    {
+        return ExecuteWithReferenceGuard(ref t_activeReferenceAccesses, holder, action);
+    }
+
+    private static TResult ExecuteWithTargetActionGuard<TResult>(
+        BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V> holder,
+        Func<TResult> action)
+    {
+        return ExecuteWithReferenceGuard(ref t_activeTargetActions, holder, action);
+    }
+
+    private static TResult ExecuteWithReferenceGuard<TResult>(
+        ref HashSet<BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>>? activeReferences,
+        BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V> holder,
+        Func<TResult> action)
+    {
+        activeReferences ??= new HashSet<BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>>(ReferenceHolderComparer.Instance);
+        if (!activeReferences.Add(holder))
+        {
+            throw new InvalidOperationException($"Circular reference detected while resolving reference: {holder.Reference.ReferenceV3}");
+        }
+
+        try
+        {
+            RuntimeHelpers.EnsureSufficientExecutionStack();
+            return action();
+        }
+        catch (InsufficientExecutionStackException ex)
+        {
+            throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                $"The chain of references starting at {holder.Reference.ReferenceV3} is nested too deeply to resolve.",
+                ex);
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            activeReferences.Remove(holder);
+            if (activeReferences.Count == 0)
+            {
+                activeReferences = null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     /// <inheritdoc/>
     public T? RecursiveTarget
     {
         get
         {
-            return ResolveRecursiveTarget(new HashSet<BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>>());
+            var visitedReferences = new HashSet<BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>>(ReferenceHolderComparer.Instance);
+            BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V> current = this;
+
+            while (visitedReferences.Add(current))
+            {
+                switch (current.Target)
+                {
+                    case BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V> recursiveTarget:
+                        current = recursiveTarget;
+                        break;
+                    case T concrete:
+                        return concrete;
+                    default:
+                        return null;
+                }
+            }
+
+            throw new InvalidOperationException($"Circular reference detected while resolving reference: {current.Reference.ReferenceV3}");
         }
     }
 
-    private T? ResolveRecursiveTarget(ISet<BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>> visitedReferences)
+    private sealed class ReferenceHolderComparer : IEqualityComparer<BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>>
     {
-        if (!visitedReferences.Add(this))
+        internal static ReferenceHolderComparer Instance { get; } = new();
+
+        public bool Equals(BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>? x, BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V>? y)
         {
-            throw new InvalidOperationException($"Circular reference detected while resolving reference: {Reference.ReferenceV3}");
+            return ReferenceEquals(x, y);
         }
 
-        return Target switch
+        public int GetHashCode(BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V> obj)
         {
-            BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<T, U, V> recursiveTarget => recursiveTarget.ResolveRecursiveTarget(visitedReferences),
-            T concrete => concrete,
-            _ => null
-        };
+            return RuntimeHelpers.GetHashCode(obj);
+        }
     }
     /// <summary>
     /// Copy the reference as a target element with overrides.
@@ -160,9 +267,6 @@ private protected void SerializeInternal(IOpenApiWriter writer,
         Action<IOpenApiWriter, U> action)
     {
         Utils.CheckArgumentNull(writer);
-        if (Target is not null)
-        {
-            action(writer, Target);
-        }
+        ApplyToTarget(element => action(writer, element));
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiCallbackReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiCallbackReference.cs
index bdf22eb03..cd6cfdeff 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiCallbackReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiCallbackReference.cs
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ private OpenApiCallbackReference(OpenApiCallbackReference callback) : base(callb
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public Dictionary<RuntimeExpression, IOpenApiPathItem>? PathItems { get => Target?.PathItems; }
+        public Dictionary<RuntimeExpression, IOpenApiPathItem>? PathItems { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.PathItems); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiCallback CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiCallback source)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiExampleReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiExampleReference.cs
index 5834d4fb9..207271afe 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiExampleReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiExampleReference.cs
@@ -35,31 +35,31 @@ private OpenApiExampleReference(OpenApiExampleReference example) : base(example)
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? Target?.Description : Reference.Description;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description) : Reference.Description;
             set => Reference.Description = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Summary
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Summary) ? Target?.Summary : Reference.Summary;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Summary) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Summary) : Reference.Summary;
             set => Reference.Summary = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? ExternalValue { get => Target?.ExternalValue; }
+        public string? ExternalValue { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.ExternalValue); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public JsonNode? Value { get => Target?.Value; }
+        public JsonNode? Value { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Value); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public JsonNode? DataValue { get => Target?.DataValue; }
+        public JsonNode? DataValue { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.DataValue); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? SerializedValue { get => Target?.SerializedValue; }
+        public string? SerializedValue { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.SerializedValue); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiExample CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiExample source)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiHeaderReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiHeaderReference.cs
index d0c7fe04e..b419724f4 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiHeaderReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiHeaderReference.cs
@@ -36,42 +36,42 @@ private OpenApiHeaderReference(OpenApiHeaderReference header) : base(header)
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? Target?.Description : Reference.Description;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description) : Reference.Description;
             set => Reference.Description = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool Required { get => Target?.Required ?? default; }
+        public bool Required { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Required); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool Deprecated { get => Target?.Deprecated ?? default; }
+        public bool Deprecated { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Deprecated); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool AllowEmptyValue { get => Target?.AllowEmptyValue ?? default; }
+        public bool AllowEmptyValue { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.AllowEmptyValue); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? Schema { get => Target?.Schema; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? Schema { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Schema); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public ParameterStyle? Style { get => Target?.Style; }
+        public ParameterStyle? Style { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Style); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool Explode { get => Target?.Explode ?? default; }
+        public bool Explode { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Explode); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool AllowReserved { get => Target?.AllowReserved ?? default; }
+        public bool AllowReserved { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.AllowReserved); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public JsonNode? Example { get => Target?.Example; }
+        public JsonNode? Example { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Example); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExample>? Examples { get => Target?.Examples; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExample>? Examples { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Examples); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiMediaType>? Content { get => Target?.Content; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiMediaType>? Content { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Content); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiHeader CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiHeader source)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiLinkReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiLinkReference.cs
index a11decf63..2e338493c 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiLinkReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiLinkReference.cs
@@ -34,27 +34,27 @@ private OpenApiLinkReference(OpenApiLinkReference reference) : base(reference)
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? Target?.Description : Reference.Description;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description) : Reference.Description;
             set => Reference.Description = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? OperationRef { get => Target?.OperationRef; }
+        public string? OperationRef { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.OperationRef); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? OperationId { get => Target?.OperationId; }
+        public string? OperationId { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.OperationId); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public OpenApiServer? Server { get => Target?.Server; }
+        public OpenApiServer? Server { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Server); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, RuntimeExpressionAnyWrapper>? Parameters { get => Target?.Parameters; }
+        public IDictionary<string, RuntimeExpressionAnyWrapper>? Parameters { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Parameters); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public RuntimeExpressionAnyWrapper? RequestBody { get => Target?.RequestBody; }
+        public RuntimeExpressionAnyWrapper? RequestBody { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.RequestBody); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override void SerializeAsV2(IOpenApiWriter writer)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiMediaTypeReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiMediaTypeReference.cs
index 47816ed44..4ba18ffc1 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiMediaTypeReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiMediaTypeReference.cs
@@ -34,28 +34,28 @@ private OpenApiMediaTypeReference(OpenApiMediaTypeReference mediaTypeReference)
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? Schema { get => Target?.Schema; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? Schema { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Schema); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? ItemSchema { get => Target?.ItemSchema; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? ItemSchema { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.ItemSchema); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public JsonNode? Example { get => Target?.Example; }
+        public JsonNode? Example { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Example); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExample>? Examples { get => Target?.Examples; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExample>? Examples { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Examples); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, OpenApiEncoding>? Encoding { get => Target?.Encoding; }
+        public IDictionary<string, OpenApiEncoding>? Encoding { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Encoding); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public OpenApiEncoding? ItemEncoding { get => Target?.ItemEncoding; }
+        public OpenApiEncoding? ItemEncoding { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.ItemEncoding); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IList<OpenApiEncoding>? PrefixEncoding { get => Target?.PrefixEncoding; }
+        public IList<OpenApiEncoding>? PrefixEncoding { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.PrefixEncoding); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiMediaType CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiMediaType source)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiParameterReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiParameterReference.cs
index 3c9670ac5..a0c1a3783 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiParameterReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiParameterReference.cs
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 // Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
 // Licensed under the MIT license.
 
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi
 {
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
     /// <summary>
     /// Parameter Object Reference.
     /// </summary>
@@ -34,50 +36,51 @@ private OpenApiParameterReference(OpenApiParameterReference parameter):base(para
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Name { get => Target?.Name; }
+        public string? Name { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Name); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? Target?.Description : Reference.Description;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description) : Reference.Description;
             set => Reference.Description = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool Required { get => Target?.Required ?? default; }
+        public bool Required { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Required); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool Deprecated { get => Target?.Deprecated ?? default; }
+        public bool Deprecated { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Deprecated); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool AllowEmptyValue { get => Target?.AllowEmptyValue ?? default; }
+        [Obsolete("Use of AllowEmptyValue is not recommended and it is likely to be removed in a later revision.")]
+        public bool AllowEmptyValue { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.AllowEmptyValue); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool AllowReserved { get => Target?.AllowReserved ?? default; }
+        public bool AllowReserved { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.AllowReserved); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? Schema { get => Target?.Schema; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? Schema { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Schema); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExample>? Examples { get => Target?.Examples; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExample>? Examples { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Examples); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public JsonNode? Example { get => Target?.Example; }
+        public JsonNode? Example { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Example); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public ParameterLocation? In { get => Target?.In; }
+        public ParameterLocation? In { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.In); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public ParameterStyle? Style { get => Target?.Style; }
+        public ParameterStyle? Style { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Style); }
         
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool Explode { get => Target?.Explode ?? default; }
+        public bool Explode { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Explode); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiMediaType>? Content { get => Target?.Content; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiMediaType>? Content { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Content); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
         
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiParameter CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiParameter  source)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiPathItemReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiPathItemReference.cs
index 291c75308..9df1dd719 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiPathItemReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiPathItemReference.cs
@@ -38,28 +38,28 @@ private OpenApiPathItemReference(OpenApiPathItemReference pathItem) : base(pathI
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Summary
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Summary) ? Target?.Summary : Reference.Summary;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Summary) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Summary) : Reference.Summary;
             set => Reference.Summary = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? Target?.Description : Reference.Description;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description) : Reference.Description;
             set => Reference.Description = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public Dictionary<HttpMethod, OpenApiOperation>? Operations { get => Target?.Operations; }
+        public Dictionary<HttpMethod, OpenApiOperation>? Operations { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Operations); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IList<OpenApiServer>? Servers { get => Target?.Servers; }
+        public IList<OpenApiServer>? Servers { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Servers); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IList<IOpenApiParameter>? Parameters { get => Target?.Parameters; }
+        public IList<IOpenApiParameter>? Parameters { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Parameters); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiPathItem CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiPathItem source)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiRequestBodyReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiRequestBodyReference.cs
index f700f1bc9..66883e557 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiRequestBodyReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiRequestBodyReference.cs
@@ -36,18 +36,18 @@ private OpenApiRequestBodyReference(OpenApiRequestBodyReference openApiRequestBo
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? Target?.Description : Reference.Description;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description) : Reference.Description;
             set => Reference.Description = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiMediaType>? Content { get => Target?.Content; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiMediaType>? Content { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Content); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool Required { get => Target?.Required ?? false; }
+        public bool Required { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Required); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiRequestBody CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiRequestBody source)
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public override void SerializeAsV2(IOpenApiWriter writer)
         {
             if (writer.GetSettings().ShouldInlineReference(Reference))
             {
-                return Target?.ConvertToBodyParameter(writer);
+                return GetFromTarget(target => target.ConvertToBodyParameter(writer));
             }
 
             return Reference.Id is not null ? new OpenApiParameterReference(Reference.Id, Reference.HostDocument) : null;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public override void SerializeAsV2(IOpenApiWriter writer)
         {
             if (writer.GetSettings().ShouldInlineReference(Reference))
             {
-                return Target?.ConvertToFormDataParameters(writer);
+                return GetFromTarget(target => target.ConvertToFormDataParameters(writer));
             }
 
             if (Content == null || !Content.Any())
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiResponseReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiResponseReference.cs
index b99922e79..afd158d37 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiResponseReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiResponseReference.cs
@@ -35,28 +35,28 @@ private OpenApiResponseReference(OpenApiResponseReference openApiResponseReferen
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Summary 
         { 
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Summary) ? Target?.Summary : Reference.Summary;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Summary) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Summary) : Reference.Summary;
             set => Reference.Summary = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? Target?.Description : Reference.Description;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description) : Reference.Description;
             set => Reference.Description = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiMediaType>? Content { get => Target?.Content; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiMediaType>? Content { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Content); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiHeader>? Headers { get => Target?.Headers; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiHeader>? Headers { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Headers); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiLink>? Links { get => Target?.Links; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiLink>? Links { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Links); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiResponse CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiResponse source)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReference.cs
index 7f206d686..b5bbf8b6d 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReference.cs
@@ -9,7 +9,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.OpenApi
 {
 #pragma warning disable CS0618
     /// <summary>
-    /// Schema reference object
+    /// Schema reference object.
+    /// Convenience getters return <c>$ref</c>-sibling keyword values authored on
+    /// <see cref="IOpenApiReferenceHolder{V}.Reference"/> before falling back to resolved values from <see cref="Target"/>.
+    /// These getters are object-model conveniences and do not represent JSON Schema
+    /// evaluation semantics.
     /// </summary>
     public class OpenApiSchemaReference : BaseOpenApiReferenceHolder<OpenApiSchema, IOpenApiSchema, JsonSchemaReference>, IOpenApiSchema, IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties, IOpenApiSchemaWithUnevaluatedProperties, IOpenApiExtensible
     {
@@ -58,162 +62,163 @@ public override IOpenApiSchema? Target
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? Target?.Description : Reference.Description;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description) : Reference.Description;
             set => Reference.Description = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Title
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Title) ? Target?.Title : Reference.Title;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Title) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Title) : Reference.Title;
             set => Reference.Title = value;
         }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public Uri? Schema { get => Reference.Schema ?? Target?.Schema; set => Reference.Schema = value; }
+        public Uri? Schema { get => Reference.Schema ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Schema); set => Reference.Schema = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Id { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.SchemaId) ? Target?.Id : Reference.SchemaId; set => Reference.SchemaId = value; }
+        public string? Id { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.SchemaId) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Id) : Reference.SchemaId; set => Reference.SchemaId = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Comment { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Comment) ? Target?.Comment : Reference.Comment; set => Reference.Comment = value; }
+        public string? Comment { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Comment) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Comment) : Reference.Comment; set => Reference.Comment = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, bool>? Vocabulary { get => Reference.Vocabulary ?? Target?.Vocabulary; set => Reference.Vocabulary = value; }
+        public IDictionary<string, bool>? Vocabulary { get => Reference.Vocabulary ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Vocabulary); set => Reference.Vocabulary = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? DynamicRef { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.DynamicRef) ? Target?.DynamicRef : Reference.DynamicRef; set => Reference.DynamicRef = value; }
+        public string? DynamicRef { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.DynamicRef) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.DynamicRef) : Reference.DynamicRef; set => Reference.DynamicRef = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? DynamicAnchor { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.DynamicAnchor) ? Target?.DynamicAnchor : Reference.DynamicAnchor; set => Reference.DynamicAnchor = value; }
+        public string? DynamicAnchor { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.DynamicAnchor) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.DynamicAnchor) : Reference.DynamicAnchor; set => Reference.DynamicAnchor = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>? Definitions { get => Reference.Definitions ?? Target?.Definitions; set => Reference.Definitions = value; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>? Definitions { get => Reference.Definitions ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Definitions); set => Reference.Definitions = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Anchor { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Anchor) ? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.Anchor : Reference.Anchor; set => Reference.Anchor = value; }
+        public string? Anchor { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Anchor) ? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.Anchor) : Reference.Anchor; set => Reference.Anchor = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? ExclusiveMaximum { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.ExclusiveMaximum) ? Target?.ExclusiveMaximum : Reference.ExclusiveMaximum; set => Reference.ExclusiveMaximum = value; }
+        public string? ExclusiveMaximum { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.ExclusiveMaximum) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.ExclusiveMaximum) : Reference.ExclusiveMaximum; set => Reference.ExclusiveMaximum = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? ExclusiveMinimum { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.ExclusiveMinimum) ? Target?.ExclusiveMinimum : Reference.ExclusiveMinimum; set => Reference.ExclusiveMinimum = value; }
+        public string? ExclusiveMinimum { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.ExclusiveMinimum) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.ExclusiveMinimum) : Reference.ExclusiveMinimum; set => Reference.ExclusiveMinimum = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public JsonSchemaType? Type { get => Reference.SchemaType ?? Target?.Type; set => Reference.SchemaType = value; }
+        public JsonSchemaType? Type { get => Reference.SchemaType ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Type); set => Reference.SchemaType = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Const { get => Reference.WasConstExplicitlySet ? Reference.Const : Target?.Const; set => Reference.Const = value; }
+        public string? Const { get => Reference.WasConstExplicitlySet ? Reference.Const : GetFromTarget(static target => target.Const); set => Reference.Const = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Format { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Format) ? Target?.Format : Reference.Format; set => Reference.Format = value; }
+        public string? Format { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Format) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Format) : Reference.Format; set => Reference.Format = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Maximum { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Maximum) ? Target?.Maximum : Reference.Maximum; set => Reference.Maximum = value; }
+        public string? Maximum { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Maximum) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Maximum) : Reference.Maximum; set => Reference.Maximum = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Minimum { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Minimum) ? Target?.Minimum : Reference.Minimum; set => Reference.Minimum = value; }
+        public string? Minimum { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Minimum) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Minimum) : Reference.Minimum; set => Reference.Minimum = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public int? MaxLength { get => Reference.MaxLength ?? Target?.MaxLength; set => Reference.MaxLength = value; }
+        public int? MaxLength { get => Reference.MaxLength ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.MaxLength); set => Reference.MaxLength = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public int? MinLength { get => Reference.MinLength ?? Target?.MinLength; set => Reference.MinLength = value; }
+        public int? MinLength { get => Reference.MinLength ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.MinLength); set => Reference.MinLength = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Pattern { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Pattern) ? Target?.Pattern : Reference.Pattern; set => Reference.Pattern = value; }
+        public string? Pattern { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Pattern) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Pattern) : Reference.Pattern; set => Reference.Pattern = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public decimal? MultipleOf { get => Reference.MultipleOf ?? Target?.MultipleOf; set => Reference.MultipleOf = value; }
+        public decimal? MultipleOf { get => Reference.MultipleOf ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.MultipleOf); set => Reference.MultipleOf = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public JsonNode? Default
         {
-            get => Reference.Default ?? Target?.Default;
+            get => Reference.Default ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Default);
             set => Reference.Default = value;
         }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public bool ReadOnly
         {
-            get => Reference.ReadOnly ?? Target?.ReadOnly ?? false;
+            get => Reference.ReadOnly ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.ReadOnly);
             set => Reference.ReadOnly = value;
         }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public bool WriteOnly
         {
-            get => Reference.WriteOnly ?? Target?.WriteOnly ?? false;
+            get => Reference.WriteOnly ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.WriteOnly);
             set => Reference.WriteOnly = value;
         }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IList<IOpenApiSchema>? AllOf { get => Reference.AllOf ?? Target?.AllOf; set => Reference.AllOf = value; }
+        public IList<IOpenApiSchema>? AllOf { get => Reference.AllOf ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.AllOf); set => Reference.AllOf = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IList<IOpenApiSchema>? OneOf { get => Reference.OneOf ?? Target?.OneOf; set => Reference.OneOf = value; }
+        public IList<IOpenApiSchema>? OneOf { get => Reference.OneOf ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.OneOf); set => Reference.OneOf = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IList<IOpenApiSchema>? AnyOf { get => Reference.AnyOf ?? Target?.AnyOf; set => Reference.AnyOf = value; }
+        public IList<IOpenApiSchema>? AnyOf { get => Reference.AnyOf ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.AnyOf); set => Reference.AnyOf = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? Not { get => Reference.Not ?? Target?.Not; set => Reference.Not = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? Not { get => Reference.Not ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Not); set => Reference.Not = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public ISet<string>? Required { get => Reference.Required ?? Target?.Required; set => Reference.Required = value; }
+        public ISet<string>? Required { get => Reference.Required ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Required); set => Reference.Required = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? Items { get => Reference.Items ?? Target?.Items; set => Reference.Items = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? Items { get => Reference.Items ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Items); set => Reference.Items = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public int? MaxItems { get => Reference.MaxItems ?? Target?.MaxItems; set => Reference.MaxItems = value; }
+        public int? MaxItems { get => Reference.MaxItems ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.MaxItems); set => Reference.MaxItems = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public int? MinItems { get => Reference.MinItems ?? Target?.MinItems; set => Reference.MinItems = value; }
+        public int? MinItems { get => Reference.MinItems ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.MinItems); set => Reference.MinItems = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool? UniqueItems { get => Reference.UniqueItems ?? Target?.UniqueItems; set => Reference.UniqueItems = value; }
+        public bool? UniqueItems { get => Reference.UniqueItems ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.UniqueItems); set => Reference.UniqueItems = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? Contains { get => Reference.Contains ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.Contains; set => Reference.Contains = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? Contains { get => Reference.Contains ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.Contains); set => Reference.Contains = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public uint? MaxContains { get => Reference.MaxContains ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.MaxContains; set => Reference.MaxContains = value; }
+        public uint? MaxContains { get => Reference.MaxContains ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.MaxContains); set => Reference.MaxContains = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public uint? MinContains { get => Reference.MinContains ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.MinContains; set => Reference.MinContains = value; }
+        public uint? MinContains { get => Reference.MinContains ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.MinContains); set => Reference.MinContains = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>? Properties { get => Reference.Properties ?? Target?.Properties; set => Reference.Properties = value; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>? Properties { get => Reference.Properties ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Properties); set => Reference.Properties = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>? PatternProperties { get => Reference.PatternProperties ?? Target?.PatternProperties; set => Reference.PatternProperties = value; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>? PatternProperties { get => Reference.PatternProperties ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.PatternProperties); set => Reference.PatternProperties = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public int? MaxProperties { get => Reference.MaxProperties ?? Target?.MaxProperties; set => Reference.MaxProperties = value; }
+        public int? MaxProperties { get => Reference.MaxProperties ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.MaxProperties); set => Reference.MaxProperties = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public int? MinProperties { get => Reference.MinProperties ?? Target?.MinProperties; set => Reference.MinProperties = value; }
+        public int? MinProperties { get => Reference.MinProperties ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.MinProperties); set => Reference.MinProperties = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool AdditionalPropertiesAllowed { get => Reference.AdditionalPropertiesAllowed ?? Target?.AdditionalPropertiesAllowed ?? true; set => Reference.AdditionalPropertiesAllowed = value; }
+        public bool AdditionalPropertiesAllowed { get => Reference.AdditionalPropertiesAllowed ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (bool?)target.AdditionalPropertiesAllowed) ?? true; set => Reference.AdditionalPropertiesAllowed = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? AdditionalProperties { get => Reference.AdditionalProperties ?? Target?.AdditionalProperties; set => Reference.AdditionalProperties = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? AdditionalProperties { get => Reference.AdditionalProperties ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.AdditionalProperties); set => Reference.AdditionalProperties = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public OpenApiDiscriminator? Discriminator { get => Reference.Discriminator ?? Target?.Discriminator; set => Reference.Discriminator = value; }
+        public OpenApiDiscriminator? Discriminator { get => Reference.Discriminator ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Discriminator); set => Reference.Discriminator = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public JsonNode? Example { get => Reference.Example ?? Target?.Example; set => Reference.Example = value; }
+        [Obsolete("Use Examples instead.")]
+        public JsonNode? Example { get => Reference.Example ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Example); set => Reference.Example = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public IList<JsonNode>? Examples
         {
-            get => Reference.Examples ?? Target?.Examples;
+            get => Reference.Examples ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Examples);
             set => Reference.Examples = value;
         }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IList<JsonNode>? Enum { get => Reference.Enum ?? Target?.Enum; set => Reference.Enum = value; }
+        public IList<JsonNode>? Enum { get => Reference.Enum ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Enum); set => Reference.Enum = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool UnevaluatedProperties { get => Reference.UnevaluatedProperties ?? Target?.UnevaluatedProperties ?? true; set => Reference.UnevaluatedProperties = value; }
+        public bool UnevaluatedProperties { get => Reference.UnevaluatedProperties ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (bool?)target.UnevaluatedProperties) ?? true; set => Reference.UnevaluatedProperties = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? UnevaluatedPropertiesSchema { get => Reference.UnevaluatedPropertiesSchema ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.UnevaluatedPropertiesSchema; set => Reference.UnevaluatedPropertiesSchema = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? UnevaluatedPropertiesSchema { get => Reference.UnevaluatedPropertiesSchema ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.UnevaluatedPropertiesSchema); set => Reference.UnevaluatedPropertiesSchema = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? ContentEncoding { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.ContentEncoding) ? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.ContentEncoding : Reference.ContentEncoding; set => Reference.ContentEncoding = value; }
+        public string? ContentEncoding { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.ContentEncoding) ? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.ContentEncoding) : Reference.ContentEncoding; set => Reference.ContentEncoding = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? ContentMediaType { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.ContentMediaType) ? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.ContentMediaType : Reference.ContentMediaType; set => Reference.ContentMediaType = value; }
+        public string? ContentMediaType { get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.ContentMediaType) ? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.ContentMediaType) : Reference.ContentMediaType; set => Reference.ContentMediaType = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? ContentSchema { get => Reference.ContentSchema ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.ContentSchema; set => Reference.ContentSchema = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? ContentSchema { get => Reference.ContentSchema ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.ContentSchema); set => Reference.ContentSchema = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? PropertyNames { get => Reference.PropertyNames ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.PropertyNames; set => Reference.PropertyNames = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? PropertyNames { get => Reference.PropertyNames ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.PropertyNames); set => Reference.PropertyNames = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>? DependentSchemas { get => Reference.DependentSchemas ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.DependentSchemas; set => Reference.DependentSchemas = value; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>? DependentSchemas { get => Reference.DependentSchemas ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.DependentSchemas); set => Reference.DependentSchemas = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? If { get => Reference.If ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.If; set => Reference.If = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? If { get => Reference.If ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.If); set => Reference.If = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? Then { get => Reference.Then ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.Then; set => Reference.Then = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? Then { get => Reference.Then ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.Then); set => Reference.Then = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IOpenApiSchema? Else { get => Reference.Else ?? (Target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.Else; set => Reference.Else = value; }
+        public IOpenApiSchema? Else { get => Reference.Else ?? GetFromTarget(static target => (target as IOpenApiSchemaMissingProperties)?.Else); set => Reference.Else = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public OpenApiExternalDocs? ExternalDocs { get => Reference.ExternalDocs ?? Target?.ExternalDocs; set => Reference.ExternalDocs = value; }
+        public OpenApiExternalDocs? ExternalDocs { get => Reference.ExternalDocs ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.ExternalDocs); set => Reference.ExternalDocs = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public bool Deprecated
         {
-            get => Reference.Deprecated ?? Target?.Deprecated ?? false;
+            get => Reference.Deprecated ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Deprecated);
             set => Reference.Deprecated = value;
         }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public OpenApiXml? Xml { get => Reference.Xml ?? Target?.Xml; set => Reference.Xml = value; }
+        public OpenApiXml? Xml { get => Reference.Xml ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Xml); set => Reference.Xml = value; }
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions
         {
-            get => Reference.Extensions ?? Target?.Extensions;
+            get => Reference.Extensions ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions);
             set => Reference.Extensions = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, JsonNode>? UnrecognizedKeywords { get => Reference.UnrecognizedKeywords ?? Target?.UnrecognizedKeywords; set => Reference.UnrecognizedKeywords = value; }
+        public IDictionary<string, JsonNode>? UnrecognizedKeywords { get => Reference.UnrecognizedKeywords ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.UnrecognizedKeywords); set => Reference.UnrecognizedKeywords = value; }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, HashSet<string>>? DependentRequired { get => Reference.DependentRequired ?? Target?.DependentRequired; set => Reference.DependentRequired = value; }
+        public IDictionary<string, HashSet<string>>? DependentRequired { get => Reference.DependentRequired ?? GetFromTarget(static target => target.DependentRequired); set => Reference.DependentRequired = value; }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override void SerializeAsV31(IOpenApiWriter writer)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference.cs
index 8fdd0b73a..7ec7bee31 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference.cs
@@ -32,39 +32,39 @@ private OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference(OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference openApiSec
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? Target?.Description : Reference.Description;
+            get => string.IsNullOrEmpty(Reference.Description) ? GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description) : Reference.Description;
             set => Reference.Description = value;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Name { get => Target?.Name; }
+        public string? Name { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Name); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public ParameterLocation? In { get => Target?.In; }
+        public ParameterLocation? In { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.In); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Scheme { get => Target?.Scheme; }
+        public string? Scheme { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Scheme); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? BearerFormat { get => Target?.BearerFormat; }
+        public string? BearerFormat { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.BearerFormat); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public OpenApiOAuthFlows? Flows { get => Target?.Flows; }
+        public OpenApiOAuthFlows? Flows { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Flows); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public Uri? OpenIdConnectUrl { get => Target?.OpenIdConnectUrl; }
+        public Uri? OpenIdConnectUrl { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.OpenIdConnectUrl); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public Uri? OAuth2MetadataUrl { get => Target is IOAuth2MetadataProvider oauth2MetadataProvider ? oauth2MetadataProvider.OAuth2MetadataUrl : null; }
+        public Uri? OAuth2MetadataUrl { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target is IOAuth2MetadataProvider provider ? provider.OAuth2MetadataUrl : null); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public SecuritySchemeType? Type { get => Target?.Type; }
+        public SecuritySchemeType? Type { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Type); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public bool Deprecated { get => Target?.Deprecated ?? default; }
+        public bool Deprecated { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Deprecated); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiSecurityScheme CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiSecurityScheme source)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiTagReference.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiTagReference.cs
index 78b92638c..84f97cc24 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiTagReference.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Models/References/OpenApiTagReference.cs
@@ -48,37 +48,40 @@ private OpenApiTagReference(OpenApiTagReference openApiTagReference) : base(open
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public string? Description
         {
-            get => Target?.Description;
+            get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Description);
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public OpenApiExternalDocs? ExternalDocs { get => Target?.ExternalDocs; }
+        public OpenApiExternalDocs? ExternalDocs { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.ExternalDocs); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => Target?.Extensions; }
+        public IDictionary<string, IOpenApiExtension>? Extensions { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Extensions); }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Name { get => Target?.Name ?? Reference?.Id; }
+        public string? Name { get => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Name) ?? Reference?.Id; }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Summary => Target?.Summary;
+        public string? Summary => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Summary);
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public OpenApiTagReference? Parent 
         { 
             get 
             {
-                if (Target is OpenApiTagReference targetRef && (Reference.Id?.Equals(targetRef.Reference.Id, StringComparison.Ordinal) ?? false))
+                return GetFromTarget(target =>
                 {
-                    return null;
-                }
+                    if (target is OpenApiTagReference targetRef && (Reference.Id?.Equals(targetRef.Reference.Id, StringComparison.Ordinal) ?? false))
+                    {
+                        return null;
+                    }
 
-                return Target?.Parent;
+                    return target.Parent;
+                });
             }
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
-        public string? Kind => Target?.Kind;
+        public string? Kind => GetFromTarget(static target => target.Kind);
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override IOpenApiTag CopyReferenceAsTargetElementWithOverrides(IOpenApiTag source)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/PublicAPI.Shipped.txt b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/PublicAPI.Shipped.txt
index ceb7cd32a..ba435ff4e 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/PublicAPI.Shipped.txt
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/PublicAPI.Shipped.txt
@@ -2285,3 +2285,5 @@ override Microsoft.OpenApi.JsonSchemaReference.SerializeAsV32(Microsoft.OpenApi.
 override Microsoft.OpenApi.OpenApiSchemaReference.Target.get -> Microsoft.OpenApi.IOpenApiSchema?
 Microsoft.OpenApi.OpenApiWorkspace.GetDynamicAnchorCandidates(Microsoft.OpenApi.OpenApiDocument! hostDocument, string! anchorName) -> System.Collections.Generic.IReadOnlyList<Microsoft.OpenApi.IOpenApiSchema!>!
 static Microsoft.OpenApi.OpenApiWorkspace.ResolveDynamicAnchorInContext(Microsoft.OpenApi.IOpenApiSchema? contextSchema, string! anchorName) -> Microsoft.OpenApi.IOpenApiSchema?
+const Microsoft.OpenApi.OpenApiConstants.JsonSchemaExamplesExtension = "x-jsonschema-examples" -> string!
+const Microsoft.OpenApi.OpenApiConstants.OaiLicenseIdentifier = "x-oai-license-identifier" -> string!
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/JsonNodeHelper.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/JsonNodeHelper.cs
index 684e72c3b..db285f078 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/JsonNodeHelper.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/JsonNodeHelper.cs
@@ -42,7 +42,13 @@ public static List<JsonNode> CreateListOfAny(this JsonNode? node, ParsingContext
                 throw new OpenApiReaderException("Cannot create a list from this type of node.", context);
             }
 
-            return jsonArray.OfType<JsonNode>().ToList();
+            var list = new List<JsonNode>(jsonArray.Count);
+            foreach (var element in jsonArray)
+            {
+                list.Add(element ?? JsonNullSentinel.JsonNull);
+            }
+
+            return list;
         }
 
         public static List<T> CreateSimpleList<T>(this JsonNode? node, Func<JsonNode, OpenApiDocument?, T> map, OpenApiDocument? openApiDocument, ParsingContext context)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
index e020aedc1..5fb2ec88a 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Globalization;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V2
 {
     /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
index af7f33d9c..9e181fdcd 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 using System.Text.Json;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V2
 {
     /// <summary>
@@ -267,6 +269,10 @@ internal static partial class OpenApiV2Deserializer
                 "example",
                 (o, n, _, _) => o.Example = n
             },
+            {
+                OpenApiConstants.JsonSchemaExamplesExtension,
+                (o, n, _, c) => o.Examples = n.CreateListOfAny(c)
+            },
             {
                 OpenApiConstants.PatternPropertiesExtension,
                 (o, n, t, c) => o.PatternProperties = n.CreateMap(LoadSchema, t, c)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs
index ae62bd170..3daf7cf89 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V2/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs
@@ -99,7 +99,21 @@ internal static partial class OpenApiV2Deserializer
         private static readonly PatternFieldMap<OpenApiSecurityScheme> _securitySchemePatternFields =
             new()
             {
-                {s => s.StartsWith(OpenApiConstants.ExtensionFieldNamePrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase), (o, p, n, _, c) => o.AddExtension(p, LoadExtension(p, n, c))}
+                {s => s.StartsWith(OpenApiConstants.ExtensionFieldNamePrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase), (o, p, n, _, c) =>
+                {
+                    if (p.Equals(OpenApiConstants.OAuth2MetadataUrlExtension, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        var metadataUrl = n.GetScalarValue();
+                        if (metadataUrl != null)
+                        {
+                            o.OAuth2MetadataUrl = new(metadataUrl, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        o.AddExtension(p, LoadExtension(p, n, c));
+                    }
+                }}
             };
 
         public static IOpenApiSecurityScheme LoadSecurityScheme(JsonNode node, OpenApiDocument hostDocument, ParsingContext context)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
index 1f589e2ff..435515658 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 
 using System;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V3
 {
     /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
index 48dde9d5e..7bb9327b6 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 using System.Text.Json;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V3
 {
     /// <summary>
@@ -280,6 +282,10 @@ internal static partial class OpenApiV3Deserializer
                 "example",
                 (o, n, _, _) => o.Example = n
             },
+            {
+                OpenApiConstants.JsonSchemaExamplesExtension,
+                (o, n, _, c) => o.Examples = n.CreateListOfAny(c)
+            },
             {
                 "deprecated",
                 (o, n, _, _) =>
@@ -407,7 +413,120 @@ public static IOpenApiSchema LoadSchema(JsonNode node, OpenApiDocument hostDocum
                 }
             }
 
+            if (schema.Type is null && schema.Enum is { Count: 1 } &&
+                schema.Enum[0].IsJsonNullSentinel())
+            {
+                schema.Enum = null;
+                schema.Type = JsonSchemaType.Null;
+            }
+
+            if (schema.Type is null)
+            {
+                if (schema.AnyOf is not null &&
+                    schema.AnyOf.All(s => s is OpenApiSchema child && DoesSchemaRepresentSingleType(child)))
+                {
+                    JsonSchemaType types = GetAllTypes(schema.AnyOf);
+                    schema.AnyOf = null;
+                    schema.Type = types;
+                }
+                else if (schema.OneOf is not null &&
+                    schema.OneOf.All(s => s is OpenApiSchema child && DoesSchemaRepresentSingleType(child)))
+                {
+                    JsonSchemaType types = GetAllTypes(schema.OneOf);
+                    schema.OneOf = null;
+                    schema.Type = types;
+                }
+            }
+
             return schema;
         }
+
+        private static JsonSchemaType GetAllTypes(IList<IOpenApiSchema> schemas)
+        {
+            JsonSchemaType types = 0;
+            foreach (var schema in schemas)
+            {
+                types |= schema.Type!.Value;
+            }
+
+            return types;
+        }
+
+        private static bool DoesSchemaRepresentSingleType(OpenApiSchema schema)
+        {
+            if (schema.Type is not (JsonSchemaType.Null or
+                JsonSchemaType.Boolean or
+                JsonSchemaType.Integer or
+                JsonSchemaType.Number or
+                JsonSchemaType.String or
+                JsonSchemaType.Object or
+                JsonSchemaType.Array))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            // Folding anyOf/oneOf back into a single "type" is only safe when the child
+            // schema carries nothing but its type. Otherwise any additional keywords
+            // (format, bounds, enum, nested schemas, etc.) would be silently dropped.
+            // Metadata is intentionally ignored as it only holds internal bookkeeping.
+            return schema.Title is null &&
+                schema.Schema is null &&
+                schema.Id is null &&
+                schema.Comment is null &&
+                schema.Vocabulary is null &&
+                schema.DynamicRef is null &&
+                schema.DynamicAnchor is null &&
+                schema.Definitions is null &&
+                schema.Anchor is null &&
+                schema.Format is null &&
+                schema.Description is null &&
+                schema.Maximum is null &&
+                schema.Minimum is null &&
+                schema.ExclusiveMaximum is null &&
+                schema.ExclusiveMinimum is null &&
+                schema.MaxLength is null &&
+                schema.MinLength is null &&
+                schema.Pattern is null &&
+                schema.MultipleOf is null &&
+                schema.Default is null &&
+                !schema.ReadOnly &&
+                !schema.WriteOnly &&
+                schema.AllOf is null &&
+                schema.OneOf is null &&
+                schema.AnyOf is null &&
+                schema.Not is null &&
+                schema.Required is null &&
+                schema.Items is null &&
+                schema.MaxItems is null &&
+                schema.MinItems is null &&
+                schema.UniqueItems is null &&
+                schema.Contains is null &&
+                schema.MaxContains is null &&
+                schema.MinContains is null &&
+                schema.Properties is null &&
+                schema.PatternProperties is null &&
+                schema.MaxProperties is null &&
+                schema.MinProperties is null &&
+                schema.AdditionalPropertiesAllowed &&
+                schema.AdditionalProperties is null &&
+                schema.Discriminator is null &&
+                schema.Enum is null &&
+                schema.UnevaluatedProperties &&
+                schema.UnevaluatedPropertiesSchema is null &&
+                schema.ContentEncoding is null &&
+                schema.ContentMediaType is null &&
+                schema.ContentSchema is null &&
+                schema.PropertyNames is null &&
+                schema.DependentSchemas is null &&
+                schema.DependentRequired is null &&
+                schema.If is null &&
+                schema.Then is null &&
+                schema.Else is null &&
+                schema.ExternalDocs is null &&
+                !schema.Deprecated &&
+                schema.Xml is null &&
+                schema.Extensions is null &&
+                schema.UnrecognizedKeywords is null;
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs
index 4cb13d995..3f9d8be83 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V3/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs
@@ -76,7 +76,15 @@ internal static partial class OpenApiV3Deserializer
             {
                 {s => s.StartsWith(OpenApiConstants.ExtensionFieldNamePrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase), (o, p, n, _, c) => 
                 {
-                    if (p.Equals("x-oai-deprecated", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    if (p.Equals(OpenApiConstants.OAuth2MetadataUrlExtension, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        var metadataUrl = n.GetScalarValue();
+                        if (metadataUrl != null)
+                        {
+                            o.OAuth2MetadataUrl = new(metadataUrl, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else if (p.Equals("x-oai-deprecated", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                     {
                         var deprecated = n.GetScalarValue();
                         if (deprecated != null)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
index 2755e5324..177342fb4 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 using System;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V31
 {
     /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
index d09df2101..52ca0912b 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 using System.Text.Json;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V31;
 
 internal static partial class OpenApiV31Deserializer
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs
index 4e02a2bf6..fac4b87c1 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V31/OpenApiSecuritySchemeDeserializer.cs
@@ -83,7 +83,15 @@ internal static partial class OpenApiV31Deserializer
             {
                 {s => s.StartsWith(OpenApiConstants.ExtensionFieldNamePrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase), (o, p, n, _, c) => 
                 {
-                    if (p.Equals("x-oai-deprecated", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    if (p.Equals(OpenApiConstants.OAuth2MetadataUrlExtension, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        var metadataUrl = n.GetScalarValue();
+                        if (metadataUrl != null)
+                        {
+                            o.OAuth2MetadataUrl = new(metadataUrl, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else if (p.Equals("x-oai-deprecated", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                     {
                         var deprecated = n.GetScalarValue();
                         if (deprecated != null)
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V32/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V32/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
index 5eadec1c9..4a8300766 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V32/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V32/OpenApiParameterDeserializer.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 using System;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V32
 {
     /// <summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V32/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V32/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
index c7f1d50b2..b038fa6e5 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V32/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Reader/V32/OpenApiSchemaDeserializer.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 using System.Text.Json;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V32;
 
 internal static partial class OpenApiV32Deserializer
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Validations/Rules/OpenApiNonDefaultRules.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Validations/Rules/OpenApiNonDefaultRules.cs
index 2bc019667..b5a398cb1 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Validations/Rules/OpenApiNonDefaultRules.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Validations/Rules/OpenApiNonDefaultRules.cs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi
 {
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
     /// <summary>
     /// Defines a non-default set of rules for validating examples in header, media type and parameter objects against the schema
     /// </summary>
diff --git a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Validations/Rules/OpenApiSchemaRules.cs b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Validations/Rules/OpenApiSchemaRules.cs
index 4f2a122a9..eff687253 100644
--- a/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Validations/Rules/OpenApiSchemaRules.cs
+++ b/src/Microsoft.OpenApi/Validations/Rules/OpenApiSchemaRules.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.OpenApi
     using System;
     using System.ComponentModel;
     using System.Linq;
+    using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 
     /// <summary>
     /// The validation rules for <see cref="OpenApiSchema"/>.
@@ -73,32 +74,17 @@ public static class OpenApiSchemaRules
         [Browsable(false)]
         public static bool ValidateChildSchemaAgainstDiscriminator(IOpenApiSchema schema, string? discriminatorName)
         {
-            if (discriminatorName is not null)
+            if (discriminatorName is null)
             {
-                if (schema.Required is null || !schema.Required.Contains(discriminatorName))
-                {
-                    // recursively check nested schema.OneOf, schema.AnyOf or schema.AllOf and their required fields for the discriminator
-                    if (schema.OneOf is { Count: > 0})
-                    {
-                        return TraverseSchemaElements(discriminatorName, schema.OneOf);
-                    }
-                    if (schema.AnyOf is { Count: > 0})
-                    {
-                        return TraverseSchemaElements(discriminatorName, schema.AnyOf);
-                    }
-                    if (schema.AllOf is { Count: > 0})
-                    {
-                        return TraverseSchemaElements(discriminatorName, schema.AllOf);
-                    }
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    return true;
-                }
                 return false;
-            }           
+            }
 
-            return false;
+            if (schema.Required?.Contains(discriminatorName) == true)
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            return TraverseSchemaElementsIterative(discriminatorName, GetSchemaCombinators(schema));
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -111,24 +97,84 @@ public static bool ValidateChildSchemaAgainstDiscriminator(IOpenApiSchema schema
         [Obsolete("This method will be made private in future versions.")]
         [Browsable(false)]
         public static bool TraverseSchemaElements(string discriminatorName, IList<IOpenApiSchema>? childSchema)
+            => TraverseSchemaElementsIterative(discriminatorName, childSchema);
+
+        private static bool TraverseSchemaElementsIterative(string discriminatorName, IEnumerable<IOpenApiSchema>? childSchemas)
         {
-            if (childSchema is null)
+            if (childSchemas is null)
             {
                 return false;
             }
-            foreach (var childItem in childSchema)
+
+            var schemasToVisit = new Queue<IOpenApiSchema>();
+            var visitedSchemas = new HashSet<IOpenApiSchema>(SchemaReferenceEqualityComparer.Instance);
+
+            EnqueueSchemas(schemasToVisit, childSchemas);
+
+            while (schemasToVisit.Count > 0)
             {
-                if ((!childItem.Properties?.ContainsKey(discriminatorName) ?? false) &&
-                                    (!childItem.Required?.Contains(discriminatorName) ?? false))
+                var childItem = schemasToVisit.Dequeue();
+                if (!visitedSchemas.Add(childItem))
                 {
-                    return ValidateChildSchemaAgainstDiscriminator(childItem, discriminatorName);
+                    continue;
                 }
-                else
+
+                if (childItem.Properties?.ContainsKey(discriminatorName) == true ||
+                    childItem.Required?.Contains(discriminatorName) == true)
                 {
                     return true;
                 }
+
+                EnqueueSchemas(schemasToVisit, GetSchemaCombinators(childItem));
             }
+
             return false;
         }
+
+        private static IEnumerable<IOpenApiSchema> GetSchemaCombinators(IOpenApiSchema schema)
+        {
+            if (schema.OneOf is { Count: > 0 } oneOf)
+            {
+                foreach (var childSchema in oneOf)
+                {
+                    yield return childSchema;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (schema.AnyOf is { Count: > 0 } anyOf)
+            {
+                foreach (var childSchema in anyOf)
+                {
+                    yield return childSchema;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (schema.AllOf is { Count: > 0 } allOf)
+            {
+                foreach (var childSchema in allOf)
+                {
+                    yield return childSchema;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void EnqueueSchemas(Queue<IOpenApiSchema> schemasToVisit, IEnumerable<IOpenApiSchema> childSchemas)
+        {
+            foreach (var childSchema in childSchemas.Where(childSchema => childSchema is not null))
+            {
+                schemasToVisit.Enqueue(childSchema);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private sealed class SchemaReferenceEqualityComparer : IEqualityComparer<IOpenApiSchema>
+        {
+            internal static SchemaReferenceEqualityComparer Instance { get; } = new();
+
+            public bool Equals(IOpenApiSchema? x, IOpenApiSchema? y)
+                => ReferenceEquals(x, y);
+
+            public int GetHashCode(IOpenApiSchema obj)
+                => RuntimeHelpers.GetHashCode(obj);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests.csproj b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests.csproj
index 3becd1bd7..9d98d4ab3 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests.csproj
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests.csproj
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
     <PackageReference Include="coverlet.msbuild" Version="10.0.1" PrivateAssets="all" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="18.8.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Moq" Version="4.20.72" />
-    <PackageReference Include="xunit" Version="2.9.3" />
+    <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" Version="3.2.2" />
     <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio" Version="3.1.5" PrivateAssets="all" />
     <PackageReference Include="coverlet.collector" Version="10.0.1" PrivateAssets="all" />
   </ItemGroup>
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Services/OpenApiFilterServiceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Services/OpenApiFilterServiceTests.cs
index 8f8aa0c8e..6883bab5a 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Services/OpenApiFilterServiceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Services/OpenApiFilterServiceTests.cs
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public void ReturnFilteredOpenApiDocumentBasedOnOperationIdsAndTags(string? oper
         public void ReturnFilteredOpenApiDocumentBasedOnPostmanCollection()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "postmanCollection_ver2.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "postmanCollection_ver2.json");
             var fileInput = new FileInfo(filePath);
             var stream = fileInput.OpenRead();
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ public void CreateFilteredDocumentUsingPredicateFromRequestUrl()
         public void ShouldParseNestedPostmanCollection()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "postmanCollection_ver3.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "postmanCollection_ver3.json");
             var fileInput = new FileInfo(filePath);
             var stream = fileInput.OpenRead();
 
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ public void ShouldParseNestedPostmanCollection()
         public void ThrowsExceptionWhenUrlsInCollectionAreMissingFromSourceDocument()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "postmanCollection_ver1.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "postmanCollection_ver1.json");
             var fileInput = new FileInfo(filePath);
             var stream = fileInput.OpenRead();
 
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ public void ThrowsExceptionWhenUrlsInCollectionAreMissingFromSourceDocument()
         public void ContinueProcessingWhenUrlsInCollectionAreMissingFromSourceDocument()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "postmanCollection_ver4.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "postmanCollection_ver4.json");
             var fileInput = new FileInfo(filePath);
             var stream = fileInput.OpenRead();
 
@@ -291,14 +291,14 @@ public void CreatePredicateMatchesAbsoluteUrlsWhenSourceHasNoServers()
         public async Task CopiesOverAllReferencedComponentsToTheSubsetDocumentCorrectly()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "docWithReusableHeadersAndExamples.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "docWithReusableHeadersAndExamples.yaml");
             var operationIds = "getItems";
 
             // Act
             using var stream = File.OpenRead(filePath);
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings();
             settings.AddYamlReader();
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", settings)).Document;
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", settings, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
 
             // validated the tags are read as references
             var openApiOperationTags = doc?.Paths["/items"].Operations?[HttpMethod.Get].Tags?.ToArray();
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ public async Task CopiesOverAllReferencedComponentsToTheSubsetDocumentCorrectly(
                     }
                 };
                 subsetOpenApiDocument.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-                await writer.FlushAsync();
+                await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
                 var result = outputStringWriter.ToString();
                 Assert.NotEmpty(result);
             }            
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Services/OpenApiServiceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Services/OpenApiServiceTests.cs
index 6342f6703..981a00558 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Services/OpenApiServiceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Hidi.Tests/Services/OpenApiServiceTests.cs
@@ -134,13 +134,13 @@ public async Task ShowCommandGeneratesMermaidMarkdownFileWithMermaidDiagramAsync
             // create a dummy ILogger instance for testing
             var options = new HidiOptions
             {
-                OpenApi = Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
-                Output = new("sample.md")
+                OpenApi = Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
+                Output = new($"{nameof(ShowCommandGeneratesMermaidMarkdownFileWithMermaidDiagramAsync)}.md")
             };
 
-            await OpenApiService.ShowOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger);
+            await OpenApiService.ShowOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
-            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(options.Output.FullName);
+            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(options.Output.FullName, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Contains("graph LR", output, StringComparison.Ordinal);
         }
 
@@ -149,9 +149,9 @@ public async Task ShowCommandGeneratesMermaidHtmlFileWithMermaidDiagramAsync()
         {
             var options = new HidiOptions
             {
-                OpenApi = Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml")
+                OpenApi = Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml")
             };
-            var filePath = await OpenApiService.ShowOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger);
+            var filePath = await OpenApiService.ShowOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.True(File.Exists(filePath));
         }
 
@@ -159,28 +159,28 @@ public async Task ShowCommandGeneratesMermaidHtmlFileWithMermaidDiagramAsync()
         public Task ThrowIfOpenApiUrlIsNotProvidedWhenValidatingAsync()
         {
             return Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>(() =>
-                OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync("", _logger));
+                OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync("", _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
         }
 
         [Fact]
         public Task ThrowIfURLIsNotResolvableWhenValidatingAsync()
         {
             return Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
-                OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync("https://example.org926F4F21-88E7-4DC5-BF88-6C529BB77844/itdoesnmatter", _logger));
+                OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync("https://example.org926F4F21-88E7-4DC5-BF88-6C529BB77844/itdoesnmatter", _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
         }
 
         [Fact]
         public Task ThrowIfFileDoesNotExistWhenValidatingAsync()
         {
             return Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() =>
-                OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync("aFileThatBetterNotExist.fake", _logger));
+                OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync("aFileThatBetterNotExist.fake", _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
         }
 
         [Fact]
         public async Task ValidateCommandProcessesOpenApiAsync()
         {
             // create a dummy ILogger instance for testing
-            await OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync(Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"), _logger);
+            await OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync(Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"), _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.True(true);
         }
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public async Task ValidateCommandProcessesOpenApiAsync()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ValidFileReturnsTrueAsync()
         {
-            var isValid = await OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync(Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"), _logger);
+            var isValid = await OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync(Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"), _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.True(isValid);
         }
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ public async Task ValidFileReturnsTrueAsync()
         [Fact]
         public async Task InvalidFileReturnsFalseAsync()
         {
-            var isValid = await OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync(Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "InvalidSampleOpenApi.yml"), _logger);
+            var isValid = await OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync(Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "InvalidSampleOpenApi.yml"), _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.False(isValid);
         }
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ public async Task CancellingValidationReturnsNullAsync()
         {
             using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
             await cts.CancelAsync();
-            var isValid = await OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync(Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"), _logger, cts.Token);
+            var isValid = await OpenApiService.ValidateOpenApiDocumentAsync(Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"), _logger, cts.Token);
 
             Assert.Null(isValid);
         }
@@ -216,17 +216,17 @@ public async Task TransformCommandConvertsOpenApiAsync()
         {
             var options = new HidiOptions
             {
-                OpenApi = Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
-                Output = new("sample.json"),
+                OpenApi = Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
+                Output = new($"{nameof(TransformCommandConvertsOpenApiAsync)}.json"),
                 CleanOutput = true,
                 TerseOutput = false,
                 InlineLocal = false,
                 InlineExternal = false,
             };
             // create a dummy ILogger instance for testing
-            await OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger);
+            await OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
-            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync("sample.json");
+            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(options.Output.FullName, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotEmpty(output);
         }
 
@@ -236,16 +236,17 @@ public async Task TransformCommandConvertsOpenApiWithDefaultOutputNameAsync()
         {
             var options = new HidiOptions
             {
-                OpenApi = Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
+                OpenApi = Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
                 CleanOutput = true,
                 TerseOutput = false,
                 InlineLocal = false,
                 InlineExternal = false,
+                Output = new FileInfo($"{nameof(TransformCommandConvertsOpenApiWithDefaultOutputNameAsync)}.yml")
             };
             // create a dummy ILogger instance for testing
-            await OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger);
+            await OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
-            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync("output.yml");
+            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(options.Output.FullName, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotEmpty(output);
         }
 
@@ -254,7 +255,8 @@ public async Task TransformCommandConvertsOpenApiWithDefaultOutputNameAndSwitchF
         {
             var options = new HidiOptions
             {
-                OpenApi = Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
+                OpenApi = Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
+                Output = new($"{nameof(TransformCommandConvertsOpenApiWithDefaultOutputNameAndSwitchFormatAsync)}.yml"),
                 CleanOutput = true,
                 Version = "3.0",
                 OpenApiFormat = OpenApiConstants.Yaml,
@@ -263,9 +265,9 @@ public async Task TransformCommandConvertsOpenApiWithDefaultOutputNameAndSwitchF
                 InlineExternal = false,
             };
             // create a dummy ILogger instance for testing
-            await OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger);
+            await OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
-            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync("output.yml");
+            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(options.Output.FullName, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotEmpty(output);
         }
 
@@ -280,16 +282,17 @@ public Task ThrowTransformCommandIfOpenApiAndCsdlAreEmptyAsync()
                 InlineExternal = false,
             };
             return Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentException>(() =>
-                OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger));
+                OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
         }
 
         [Fact]
         public async Task TransformToPowerShellCompliantOpenApiAsync()
         {
-            var settingsPath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "examplepowershellsettings.json");
+            var settingsPath = Path.Join(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "UtilityFiles", "examplepowershellsettings.json");
             var options = new HidiOptions
             {
-                OpenApi = Path.Combine("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
+                OpenApi = Path.Join("UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml"),
+                Output = new($"{nameof(TransformToPowerShellCompliantOpenApiAsync)}.yaml"),
                 CleanOutput = true,
                 Version = "3.0",
                 OpenApiFormat = OpenApiConstants.Yaml,
@@ -299,9 +302,9 @@ public async Task TransformToPowerShellCompliantOpenApiAsync()
                 SettingsConfig = SettingsUtilities.GetConfiguration(settingsPath)
             };
             // create a dummy ILogger instance for testing
-            await OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger);
+            await OpenApiService.TransformOpenApiDocumentAsync(options, _logger, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
-            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync("output.yaml");
+            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(options.Output.FullName, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotEmpty(output);
         }
 
@@ -309,14 +312,15 @@ public async Task TransformToPowerShellCompliantOpenApiAsync()
         public async Task InvokeTransformCommandAsync()
         {
             var rootCommand = Program.CreateRootCommand();
-            var openapi = Path.Combine(".", "UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml");
-            var args = new[] { "transform", "-d", openapi, "-o", "sample.json", "--co" };
+            var openapi = Path.Join(".", "UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml");
+            var outputPath = $"{nameof(InvokeTransformCommandAsync)}.json";
+            var args = new[] { "transform", "-d", openapi, "-o", outputPath, "--co" };
             var parseResult = rootCommand.Parse(args);
             var handler = Assert.IsType<AsynchronousCommandLineAction>(rootCommand.Subcommands.First(c => c.Name == "transform").Action, exactMatch: false);
 
-            await handler.InvokeAsync(parseResult);
+            await handler.InvokeAsync(parseResult, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
-            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync("sample.json");
+            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(outputPath, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotEmpty(output);
         }
 
@@ -325,14 +329,15 @@ public async Task InvokeTransformCommandAsync()
         public async Task InvokeShowCommandAsync()
         {
             var rootCommand = Program.CreateRootCommand();
-            var openApi = Path.Combine(".", "UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml");
-            var args = new[] { "show", "-d", openApi, "-o", "sample.md" };
+            var openApi = Path.Join(".", "UtilityFiles", "SampleOpenApi.yml");
+            var outputPath = $"{nameof(InvokeShowCommandAsync)}.md";
+            var args = new[] { "show", "-d", openApi, "-o", outputPath };
             var parseResult = rootCommand.Parse(args);
             var handler = Assert.IsType<AsynchronousCommandLineAction>(rootCommand.Subcommands.First(c => c.Name == "show").Action, exactMatch: false);
 
-            await handler.InvokeAsync(parseResult);
+            await handler.InvokeAsync(parseResult, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
-            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync("sample.md");
+            var output = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(outputPath, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Contains("graph LR", output, StringComparison.Ordinal);
         }
 
@@ -340,14 +345,15 @@ public async Task InvokeShowCommandAsync()
         public async Task InvokePluginCommandAsync()
         {
             var rootCommand = Program.CreateRootCommand();
-            var manifest = Path.Combine(".", "UtilityFiles", "exampleapimanifest.json");
-            var args = new[] { "plugin", "-m", manifest, "--of", AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory };
+            var manifest = Path.Join(".", "UtilityFiles", "exampleapimanifest.json");
+            var outputPath = Path.Join(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, nameof(InvokePluginCommandAsync));
+            var args = new[] { "plugin", "-m", manifest, "--of", outputPath };
             var parseResult = rootCommand.Parse(args);
             var handler = Assert.IsType<AsynchronousCommandLineAction>(rootCommand.Subcommands.First(c => c.Name == "plugin").Action, exactMatch: false);
 
-            await handler.InvokeAsync(parseResult);
+            await handler.InvokeAsync(parseResult, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
-            using var jsDoc = JsonDocument.Parse(await File.ReadAllTextAsync("ai-plugin.json"));
+            using var jsDoc = JsonDocument.Parse(await File.ReadAllTextAsync(Path.Join(outputPath, "ai-plugin.json"), TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
             var openAiManifest = OpenAIPluginManifest.Load(jsDoc.RootElement);
             
             Assert.NotNull(openAiManifest);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.csproj b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.csproj
index b9b23d246..5b0cf58a2 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.csproj
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.csproj
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
         <PackageReference Include="coverlet.msbuild" Version="10.0.1" PrivateAssets="all" />
         <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="18.8.1" />
         <PackageReference Include="FluentAssertions" Version="7.2.2" />
-        <PackageReference Include="xunit" Version="2.9.3" />
+        <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" Version="3.2.2" />
         <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio" Version="3.1.5" PrivateAssets="all" />
     </ItemGroup>
 
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensionsTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensionsTests.cs
index ff3f4509e..7268c5304 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensionsTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensionsTests.cs
@@ -29,4 +29,19 @@ public void IsAvailableOnSameNamespace()
         var extensionsNS = typeof(OpenApiReaderSettingsExtensions).Namespace;
         Assert.Equal(settingsNS, extensionsNS, StringComparer.Ordinal);
     }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void AddsYamlReaderWithPerReaderSettings()
+    {
+        var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings();
+        var yamlSettings = new OpenApiYamlReaderSettings
+        {
+            MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = 10,
+        };
+
+        settings.AddYamlReader(yamlSettings);
+
+        var yamlReader = Assert.IsType<OpenApiYamlReader>(settings.GetReader(OpenApiConstants.Yaml));
+        Assert.Same(yamlReader, settings.GetReader(OpenApiConstants.Yml));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/OpenApiDiagnosticTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/OpenApiDiagnosticTests.cs
index 86adcdd5b..bb631927b 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/OpenApiDiagnosticTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/OpenApiDiagnosticTests.cs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ public class OpenApiDiagnosticTests
         [Fact]
         public async Task DetectedSpecificationVersionShouldBeV2_0()
         {
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V2Tests/Samples/basic.v2.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V2Tests/Samples/basic.v2.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.NotNull(actual.Diagnostic);
             Assert.Equal(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, actual.Diagnostic.SpecificationVersion);
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public async Task DetectedSpecificationVersionShouldBeV2_0()
         [Fact]
         public async Task DetectedSpecificationVersionShouldBeV3_0()
         {
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V3Tests/Samples/OpenApiDocument/minimalDocument.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V3Tests/Samples/OpenApiDocument/minimalDocument.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.NotNull(actual.Diagnostic);
             Assert.Equal(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, actual.Diagnostic.SpecificationVersion);
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public async Task DiagnosticReportMergedForExternalReferenceAsync()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             ReadResult result;
-            result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("OpenApiReaderTests/Samples/OpenApiDiagnosticReportMerged/TodoMain.yaml", settings);
+            result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("OpenApiReaderTests/Samples/OpenApiDiagnosticReportMerged/TodoMain.yaml", settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.NotNull(result);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Workspace);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/OpenApiStreamReaderTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/OpenApiStreamReaderTests.cs
index d2da0d7a4..61fc12e5b 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/OpenApiStreamReaderTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/OpenApiStreamReaderTests.cs
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ public class OpenApiStreamReaderTests
         [Fact]
         public async Task StreamShouldCloseIfLeaveStreamOpenSettingEqualsFalse()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "petStore.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "petStore.yaml"));
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings { LeaveStreamOpen = false };
             settings.AddYamlReader();
-            (_, var diagnostic) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings);
+            (_, var diagnostic) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.False(stream.CanRead);
             Assert.Equal(OpenApiConstants.Yaml, diagnostic.Format);
         }
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ public async Task StreamShouldCloseIfLeaveStreamOpenSettingEqualsFalse()
         [Fact]
         public async Task StreamShouldNotCloseIfLeaveStreamOpenSettingEqualsTrue()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "petStore.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "petStore.yaml"));
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings { LeaveStreamOpen = true };
             settings.AddYamlReader();
-            _ = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings);
+            _ = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.True(stream.CanRead);
         }
 
@@ -39,15 +39,15 @@ public async Task StreamShouldNotCloseIfLeaveStreamOpenSettingEqualsTrue()
         public async Task StreamShouldNotBeDisposedIfLeaveStreamOpenSettingIsTrueAsync()
         {
             var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
-            using var fileStream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "petStore.yaml"));
+            using var fileStream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "petStore.yaml"));
 
-            await fileStream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream);
+            await fileStream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             memoryStream.Position = 0;
             var stream = memoryStream;
 
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings { LeaveStreamOpen = true };
             settings.AddYamlReader();
-            _ = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings);
+            _ = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); // does not throw an object disposed exception
             Assert.True(stream.CanRead);
         }
@@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ public async Task StreamShouldReadWhenInitializedAsync()
                 BaseAddress = new Uri("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/")
             };
 
-            var stream = await httpClient.GetStreamAsync("20fe7a7b720a0e48e5842d002ac418b12a8201df/tests/v3.0/pass/petstore.yaml");
+            var stream = await httpClient.GetStreamAsync("20fe7a7b720a0e48e5842d002ac418b12a8201df/tests/v3.0/pass/petstore.yaml", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Read V3 as YAML
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings();
             settings.AddYamlReader();
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document);
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/UnsupportedSpecVersionTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/UnsupportedSpecVersionTests.cs
index 6c66b9d00..e695c25a4 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/UnsupportedSpecVersionTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiReaderTests/UnsupportedSpecVersionTests.cs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ public async Task ThrowOpenApiUnsupportedSpecVersionException()
         {
             try
             {
-                _ = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("OpenApiReaderTests/Samples/unsupported.v1.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                _ = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("OpenApiReaderTests/Samples/unsupported.v1.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             }
             catch (OpenApiUnsupportedSpecVersionException exception)
             {
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiWorkspaceTests/OpenApiWorkspaceStreamTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiWorkspaceTests/OpenApiWorkspaceStreamTests.cs
index 6d5530e3a..34f4f2d45 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiWorkspaceTests/OpenApiWorkspaceStreamTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiWorkspaceTests/OpenApiWorkspaceStreamTests.cs
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ public async Task LoadingDocumentWithResolveAllReferencesShouldLoadDocumentIntoW
                       """;
             var wr = new StreamWriter(stream);
             await wr.WriteAsync(doc);
-            await wr.FlushAsync();
+            await wr.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             stream.Position = 0;
 
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, settings: settings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, settings: settings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Workspace);
         }
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public async Task LoadDocumentWithExternalReferenceShouldLoadBothDocumentsIntoWo
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             ReadResult result;
-            result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V3Tests/Samples/OpenApiWorkspace/TodoMain.yaml", settings);
+            result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V3Tests/Samples/OpenApiWorkspace/TodoMain.yaml", settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var externalDocBaseUri = result.Document.Workspace.GetDocumentId("./TodoComponents.yaml");
             var schemasPath = "#/components/schemas/";
@@ -82,14 +82,14 @@ public async Task LoadDocumentWithExternalReferencesInSubDirectories()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync($"{sampleFolderPath}/Root.yaml", settings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync($"{sampleFolderPath}/Root.yaml", settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var document = result.Document;
             var workspace = result.Document.Workspace;
 
             // Assert
-            Assert.True(workspace.Contains($"{Path.Combine(referenceBaseUri, "Directory", "PetsPage.yaml")}#/components/schemas/PetsPage"));
-            Assert.True(workspace.Contains($"{Path.Combine(referenceBaseUri, "Directory", "Pets.yaml")}#/components/schemas/Pets"));
-            Assert.True(workspace.Contains($"{Path.Combine(referenceBaseUri, "Directory", "Pets.yaml")}#/components/schemas/Pet"));
+            Assert.True(workspace.Contains($"{Path.Join(referenceBaseUri, "Directory", "PetsPage.yaml")}#/components/schemas/PetsPage"));
+            Assert.True(workspace.Contains($"{Path.Join(referenceBaseUri, "Directory", "Pets.yaml")}#/components/schemas/Pets"));
+            Assert.True(workspace.Contains($"{Path.Join(referenceBaseUri, "Directory", "Pets.yaml")}#/components/schemas/Pet"));
 
             var operationResponseSchema = document.Paths["/pets"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
             Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchemaReference>(operationResponseSchema);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiYamlReaderTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiYamlReaderTests.cs
index 6d66430da..60376caa9 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiYamlReaderTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/OpenApiYamlReaderTests.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
@@ -28,20 +29,69 @@ public async Task ReadAsyncParsesDocumentsFromNonMemoryStreams()
 
         var result = await reader.ReadAsync(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, CancellationToken.None);
 
-        Assert.NotNull(result.Document);
+        Assert.True(result.Document is not null, string.Join(Environment.NewLine, result.Diagnostic.Errors.Select(static error => error.Message)));
         Assert.Equal("Sample API", result.Document.Info.Title);
         Assert.Equal(OpenApiConstants.Yaml, result.Diagnostic.Format);
     }
 
     [Fact]
-    public void ReadThrowsWhenYamlDoesNotContainADocument()
+    public async Task ReadAsyncHonorsCancellationForMemoryStreams()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        await using var stream = CreateStream(
+            """
+            openapi: 3.0.1
+            info:
+              title: Sample API
+              version: 1.0.0
+            paths: {}
+            """);
+        using var cancellationSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
+        cancellationSource.Cancel();
+
+        await Assert.ThrowsAnyAsync<OperationCanceledException>(
+            () => reader.ReadAsync(
+                stream,
+                DocumentLocation,
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings,
+                cancellationSource.Token));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ReadAsyncPropagatesCancellationDuringYamlScanning()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        using var cancellationSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
+        await using var stream = new CancelingMemoryStream(
+            Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(
+                """
+                openapi: 3.0.1
+                info:
+                  title: Sample API
+                  version: 1.0.0
+                paths: {}
+                """),
+            cancellationSource);
+
+        await Assert.ThrowsAnyAsync<OperationCanceledException>(
+            () => reader.ReadAsync(
+                stream,
+                DocumentLocation,
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings,
+                cancellationSource.Token));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadReturnsDiagnosticWhenYamlDoesNotContainADocument()
     {
         var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
         using var stream = CreateStream(string.Empty);
 
-        var exception = Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings));
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
 
-        Assert.Equal("No documents found in the YAML stream.", exception.Message);
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.Single(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
+        Assert.Equal(OpenApiConstants.Yaml, result.Diagnostic.Format);
     }
 
     [Fact]
@@ -75,6 +125,398 @@ public void ReadThrowsWhenSettingsIsNull()
         Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>(() => reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, null!));
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ReadAsyncThrowsWhenSettingsIsNullWithoutConsumingTheStream()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        var inner = CreateStream("openapi: 3.0.1");
+        await using var stream = new NonMemoryStream(inner);
+
+        await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>(
+            () => reader.ReadAsync(stream, DocumentLocation, null!, CancellationToken.None));
+
+        Assert.Equal(0, inner.Position);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadReturnsDiagnosticErrorForExponentialAliasExpansion()
+    {
+        // A "billion laughs" YAML bomb must surface as a diagnostic error with no document,
+        // rather than throwing or exhausting memory.
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        using var stream = CreateStream(
+            """
+            a: &a ["x","x","x","x","x","x","x","x","x"]
+            b: &b [*a,*a,*a,*a,*a,*a,*a,*a,*a]
+            c: &c [*b,*b,*b,*b,*b,*b,*b,*b,*b]
+            d: &d [*c,*c,*c,*c,*c,*c,*c,*c,*c]
+            e: &e [*d,*d,*d,*d,*d,*d,*d,*d,*d]
+            f: &f [*e,*e,*e,*e,*e,*e,*e,*e,*e]
+            g: &g [*f,*f,*f,*f,*f,*f,*f,*f,*f]
+            h: &h [*g,*g,*g,*g,*g,*g,*g,*g,*g]
+            i: &i [*h,*h,*h,*h,*h,*h,*h,*h,*h]
+            """);
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.NotEmpty(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
+        Assert.Equal(OpenApiConstants.Yaml, result.Diagnostic.Format);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadRejectsAliasBombBelowTotalNodeLimit()
+    {
+        const int fanOut = 21;
+        var yaml = new StringBuilder();
+        yaml.AppendLine($"a: &a [{string.Join(",", Enumerable.Repeat("\"x\"", fanOut))}]");
+        var previousAnchor = 'a';
+        for (var anchor = 'b'; anchor <= 'e'; anchor++)
+        {
+            yaml.AppendLine($"{anchor}: &{anchor} [{string.Join(",", Enumerable.Repeat($"*{previousAnchor}", fanOut))}]");
+            previousAnchor = anchor;
+        }
+
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        using var stream = CreateStream(yaml.ToString());
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.Contains(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("expands aliases", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [InlineData(true)]
+    [InlineData(false)]
+    public void ReadReturnsDiagnosticForDeepNestingBeforeYamlDomComposition(bool flowStyle)
+    {
+        const int depth = 5_000;
+        var yaml = flowStyle
+            ? new string('[', depth) + new string(']', depth)
+            : string.Concat(Enumerable.Repeat("- ", depth)) + "value";
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        using var stream = CreateStream(yaml);
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.Contains(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("maximum nesting depth", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadHonoursMaxDepthAboveTheUnderlyingParserDefault()
+    {
+        // SharpYaml applies its own nesting limit, defaulting to 64. Unless the reader forwards
+        // MaxDepth to it, every configured value above that default silently has no effect.
+        const int depth = 100;
+        var yaml = new string('[', depth) + new string(']', depth);
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(new OpenApiYamlReaderSettings { MaxDepth = 200 });
+        using var stream = CreateStream(yaml);
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.DoesNotContain(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("nesting depth", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadHonoursMaxDepthBelowTheUnderlyingParserDefault()
+    {
+        const int depth = 40;
+        var yaml = new string('[', depth) + new string(']', depth);
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(new OpenApiYamlReaderSettings { MaxDepth = 32 });
+        using var stream = CreateStream(yaml);
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.Contains(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("nesting depth of 32", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadRejectsAliasExpansionThatExceedsMaxDepth()
+    {
+        // The anchor and the alias each sit within the depth limit, but expanding the alias grafts
+        // the anchored subtree onto an equally deep position, producing a tree twice as deep. The
+        // YAML parser cannot catch this because it sees the alias as a single event.
+        const int half = 50;
+        var yaml =
+            $"a: &d {new string('[', half)}{new string(']', half)}\n" +
+            $"b: {new string('[', half)}*d{new string(']', half)}\n";
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        using var stream = CreateStream(yaml);
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.Contains(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("expands an alias", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadStopsAfterFirstYamlDocument()
+    {
+        const int depth = 5_000;
+        var yaml =
+            """
+            openapi: 3.0.1
+            info:
+              title: First document
+              version: 1.0.0
+            paths: {}
+            ---
+            """ +
+            Environment.NewLine +
+            new string('[', depth) +
+            new string(']', depth);
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        using var stream = CreateStream(yaml);
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.True(result.Document is not null, string.Join(Environment.NewLine, result.Diagnostic.Errors.Select(static error => error.Message)));
+        Assert.Equal("First document", result.Document.Info.Title);
+        Assert.Empty(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadReturnsDiagnosticForCyclicAlias()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        using var stream = CreateStream("x-cycle: &cycle [*cycle]");
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.Contains(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("forms a cycle", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadFragmentReturnsDiagnosticForAliasExpansion()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(new()
+        {
+            MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = 1,
+        });
+        using var stream = CreateStream(
+            """
+            type: &value string
+            title: *value
+            description: *value
+            """);
+
+        var schema = reader.ReadFragment<OpenApiSchema>(
+            stream,
+            OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0,
+            new OpenApiDocument(),
+            out var diagnostic);
+
+        Assert.Null(schema);
+        Assert.Single(diagnostic.Errors);
+        Assert.Equal(OpenApiConstants.Yaml, diagnostic.Format);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadFragmentReturnsDiagnosticWhenInputExceedsByteLimit()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(new()
+        {
+            MaxInputByteCount = 10,
+        });
+        using var stream = CreateStream("type: string");
+
+        var schema = reader.ReadFragment<OpenApiSchema>(
+            stream,
+            OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0,
+            new OpenApiDocument(),
+            out var diagnostic);
+
+        Assert.Null(schema);
+        Assert.Contains(diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("maximum supported size", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+        Assert.Equal(OpenApiConstants.Yaml, diagnostic.Format);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadMeasuresOnlyTheRemainingBytesOfAPositionedStream()
+    {
+        const string padding = "##################################################";
+        const string yaml =
+            """
+            openapi: 3.0.1
+            info:
+              title: Sample API
+              version: 1.0.0
+            paths: {}
+            """;
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(new()
+        {
+            MaxInputByteCount = (uint)Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(yaml),
+        });
+        using var stream = CreateStream(padding + yaml);
+        stream.Position = padding.Length;
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.True(result.Document is not null, string.Join(Environment.NewLine, result.Diagnostic.Errors.Select(static error => error.Message)));
+        Assert.Equal("Sample API", result.Document.Info.Title);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadReturnsDiagnosticWhenInputExceedsByteLimit()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(new()
+        {
+            MaxInputByteCount = 10,
+        });
+        using var stream = CreateStream("openapi: 3.0.1");
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.Contains(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("maximum supported size", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ReadAsyncReturnsDiagnosticWhenNonMemoryStreamExceedsByteLimit()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(new()
+        {
+            MaxInputByteCount = 10,
+        });
+        await using var stream = new NonMemoryStream(CreateStream("openapi: 3.0.1"));
+
+        var result = await reader.ReadAsync(
+            stream,
+            DocumentLocation,
+            SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings,
+            CancellationToken.None);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.Contains(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("maximum supported size", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadReturnsDiagnosticWhenScalarExceedsLengthLimit()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(new()
+        {
+            MaxScalarLength = 3,
+        });
+        using var stream = CreateStream("value: 1234");
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.Contains(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error => error.Message.Contains("maximum supported length", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [InlineData("a: 1\na: 2")]
+    [InlineData("? [1, 2]: value")]
+    [InlineData("[")]
+    [InlineData("# comment only")]
+    public void ReadReturnsDiagnosticForInvalidYaml(string yaml)
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader();
+        using var stream = CreateStream(yaml);
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.Null(result.Document);
+        Assert.NotEmpty(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
+        Assert.Equal(OpenApiConstants.Yaml, result.Diagnostic.Format);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReaderCopiesPerInstanceSettings()
+    {
+        var yamlSettings = new OpenApiYamlReaderSettings
+        {
+            MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = 1,
+        };
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(yamlSettings);
+        yamlSettings.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = 100;
+        using var stream = CreateStream(
+            """
+            type: &value string
+            title: *value
+            description: *value
+            """);
+
+        var schema = reader.ReadFragment<OpenApiSchema>(
+            stream,
+            OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0,
+            new OpenApiDocument(),
+            out var diagnostic);
+
+        Assert.Null(schema);
+        Assert.Single(diagnostic.Errors);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [InlineData(0u, 5_000_000u, 5_000u, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxInputByteCount, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxScalarLength)]
+    [InlineData(YamlConverter.MaximumAllowedDepth + 1, 5_000_000u, 5_000u, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxInputByteCount, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxScalarLength)]
+    [InlineData(64u, 0u, 5_000u, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxInputByteCount, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxScalarLength)]
+    [InlineData(64u, YamlConverter.MaximumAllowedNodeCount + 1, 5_000u, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxInputByteCount, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxScalarLength)]
+    [InlineData(64u, 5_000_000u, 0u, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxInputByteCount, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxScalarLength)]
+    [InlineData(64u, 5_000_000u, 5_000u, 0u, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxScalarLength)]
+    [InlineData(64u, 5_000_000u, 5_000u, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxInputByteCount, 0u)]
+    public void ReaderRejectsInvalidResourceLimits(
+        uint maxDepth,
+        uint maxNodeCount,
+        uint maxAliasExpansionNodeCount,
+        uint maxInputByteCount,
+        uint maxScalarLength)
+    {
+        var settings = new OpenApiYamlReaderSettings
+        {
+            MaxDepth = maxDepth,
+            MaxNodeCount = maxNodeCount,
+            MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = maxAliasExpansionNodeCount,
+            MaxInputByteCount = maxInputByteCount,
+            MaxScalarLength = maxScalarLength,
+        };
+
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(() => new OpenApiYamlReader(settings));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReaderLimitsDefaultToDocumentedValues()
+    {
+        Assert.Equal(134_217_728u, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxInputByteCount);
+        Assert.Equal(65_536u, OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxScalarLength);
+
+        var settings = new OpenApiYamlReaderSettings();
+
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxDepth, settings.MaxDepth);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxNodeCount, settings.MaxNodeCount);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxAliasExpansionNodeCount, settings.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount);
+        Assert.Equal(OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxInputByteCount, settings.MaxInputByteCount);
+        Assert.Equal(OpenApiYamlReaderSettings.DefaultMaxScalarLength, settings.MaxScalarLength);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReaderAcceptsMaxNodeCountAtTheSafeCeiling()
+    {
+        var settings = new OpenApiYamlReaderSettings
+        {
+            MaxNodeCount = YamlConverter.MaximumAllowedNodeCount,
+        };
+        var reader = new OpenApiYamlReader(settings);
+        using var stream = CreateStream(
+            """
+            openapi: 3.0.1
+            info:
+              title: Sample API
+              version: 1.0.0
+            paths: {}
+            """);
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+
+        Assert.True(result.Document is not null, string.Join(Environment.NewLine, result.Diagnostic.Errors.Select(static error => error.Message)));
+        Assert.Equal("Sample API", result.Document.Info.Title);
+    }
+
     private static MemoryStream CreateStream(string yaml)
     {
         return new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
@@ -108,4 +550,32 @@ protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
             base.Dispose(disposing);
         }
     }
+
+    private sealed class CancelingMemoryStream(byte[] buffer, CancellationTokenSource cancellationSource) : MemoryStream(buffer)
+    {
+        private bool _canceled;
+
+        public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
+        {
+            var bytesRead = base.Read(buffer, offset, count);
+            CancelAfterFirstRead();
+            return bytesRead;
+        }
+
+        public override int Read(Span<byte> buffer)
+        {
+            var bytesRead = base.Read(buffer);
+            CancelAfterFirstRead();
+            return bytesRead;
+        }
+
+        private void CancelAfterFirstRead()
+        {
+            if (!_canceled)
+            {
+                _canceled = true;
+                cancellationSource.Cancel();
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/ReferenceService/TryLoadReferenceV2Tests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/ReferenceService/TryLoadReferenceV2Tests.cs
index de41cd81c..b175d333d 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/ReferenceService/TryLoadReferenceV2Tests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/ReferenceService/TryLoadReferenceV2Tests.cs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ public class TryLoadReferenceV2Tests
         public async Task LoadParameterReference()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "multipleReferences.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "multipleReferences.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var reference = new OpenApiParameterReference("skipParam", result.Document);
 
             // Assert
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public async Task LoadParameterReference()
         [Fact]
         public async Task LoadSecuritySchemeReference()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "multipleReferences.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "multipleReferences.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var reference = new OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference("api_key_sample", result.Document);
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public async Task LoadSecuritySchemeReference()
         [Fact]
         public async Task LoadResponseReference()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "multipleReferences.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "multipleReferences.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var reference = new OpenApiResponseReference("NotFound", result.Document);
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public async Task LoadResponseReference()
         [Fact]
         public async Task LoadResponseAndSchemaReference()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "multipleReferences.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "multipleReferences.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var reference = new OpenApiResponseReference("GeneralError", result.Document);
 
             var expected = new OpenApiResponse
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/ComparisonTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/ComparisonTests.cs
index 32b8a4475..7016965a3 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/ComparisonTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/ComparisonTests.cs
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@ public async Task EquivalentV2AndV3DocumentsShouldProduceEquivalentObjects(strin
         {
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings();
             settings.AddYamlReader();
-            using var streamV2 = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, $"{fileName}.v2.yaml"));
-            using var streamV3 = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, $"{fileName}.v3.yaml"));
-            var result1 = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, $"{fileName}.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
-            var result2 = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, $"{fileName}.v3.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            using var streamV2 = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, $"{fileName}.v2.yaml"));
+            using var streamV3 = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, $"{fileName}.v3.yaml"));
+            var result1 = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, $"{fileName}.v2.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var result2 = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, $"{fileName}.v3.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             result2.Document.Should().BeEquivalentTo(result1.Document,
                 options => options.Excluding(x => x.Workspace).Excluding(y => y.BaseUri));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
index d7368a83a..85b556017 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ public void ParseDocumentWithDifferentCultureShouldSucceed(string culture)
         [Fact]
         public async Task ShouldParseProducesInAnyOrder()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "twoResponses.json"));
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "twoResponses.json"), token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var okSchema = new OpenApiSchema
             {
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ public async Task ShouldParseProducesInAnyOrder()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ShouldAssignSchemaToAllResponses()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "multipleProduces.json"));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Json);
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "multipleProduces.json"));
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Json, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.Equal(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, result.Diagnostic.SpecificationVersion);
 
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ public async Task ShouldAssignSchemaToAllResponses()
         public async Task ShouldAllowComponentsThatJustContainAReference()
         {
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "ComponentRootReference.json"))).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "ComponentRootReference.json"), token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema1 = actual.Components.Schemas["AllPets"];
             var schema1Reference = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchemaReference>(schema1);
             Assert.False(schema1Reference.UnresolvedReference);
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithDefaultContentTypeSettingShouldSucceed()
             };
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithEmptyProduces.yaml"), settings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithEmptyProduces.yaml"), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var mediaType = actual.Document.Paths["/example"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content;
             Assert.Contains("application/json", mediaType);
         }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
index b35344a55..789047939 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public void ParseHeaderWithDefaultShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithDefault.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithDefault.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public void ParseHeaderWithEnumShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithEnum.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithEnum.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiOperationTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiOperationTests.cs
index 92d50c42e..3d47bd419 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiOperationTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiOperationTests.cs
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public void ParseBasicOperationShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicOperation.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicOperation.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ public async Task ParseBasicOperationTwiceShouldYieldSameObject()
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
             using (var stream = new MemoryStream(
-                Encoding.Default.GetBytes(await _basicOperation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0))))
+                Encoding.Default.GetBytes(await _basicOperation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken))))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public void ParseOperationWithBodyShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithBody.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithBody.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public async Task ParseOperationWithBodyTwiceShouldYieldSameObject()
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
             using (var stream = new MemoryStream(
-                Encoding.Default.GetBytes(await _operationWithBody.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0))))
+                Encoding.Default.GetBytes(await _operationWithBody.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken))))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public void ParseOperationWithResponseExamplesShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithResponseExamples.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithResponseExamples.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ public void ParseOperationWithEmptyProducesArraySetsResponseSchemaIfExists()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithEmptyProducesArrayInResponse.json"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithEmptyProducesArrayInResponse.json"));
             node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
 
             // Act
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ public void ParseOperationWithBodyAndEmptyConsumesSetsRequestBodySchemaIfExists(
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithBodyAndEmptyConsumes.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithBodyAndEmptyConsumes.yaml"));
             node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
 
             // Act
@@ -308,14 +308,14 @@ public async Task ParseV2ResponseWithExamplesExtensionWorks()
         {            
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "opWithResponseExamplesExtension.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "opWithResponseExamplesExtension.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
 
             // Act
             var operation = OpenApiV2Deserializer.LoadOperation(node, new(), new ParsingContext(new()));
-            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var expected = @"summary: Get all pets
@@ -358,14 +358,14 @@ public async Task LoadV3ExamplesInResponseAsExtensionsWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "v3OperationWithResponseExamples.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "v3OperationWithResponseExamples.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
 
             // Act
             var operation = OpenApiV3Deserializer.LoadOperation(node, new(), new ParsingContext(new()));
-            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var expected = @"summary: Get all pets
@@ -408,14 +408,14 @@ public async Task LoadV2OperationWithBodyParameterExamplesWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "opWithBodyParameterExamples.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "opWithBodyParameterExamples.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
 
             // Act
             var operation = OpenApiV2Deserializer.LoadOperation(node, new(), new ParsingContext(new()));
-            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var expected = @"summary: Get all pets
@@ -459,14 +459,14 @@ public async Task LoadV3ExamplesInRequestBodyParameterAsExtensionsWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "v3OperationWithBodyParameterExamples.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "v3OperationWithBodyParameterExamples.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
 
             // Act
             var operation = OpenApiV3Deserializer.LoadOperation(node, new(), new ParsingContext(new()));
-            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var expected = @"summary: Get all pets
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ public async Task SerializesBodyReferencesWorks()
                 }
             });
 
-            var actual = await openApiDocument.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await openApiDocument.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var expected =
 """
 {
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiParameterTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiParameterTests.cs
index 43eefc5c0..c4b8f81bf 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiParameterTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiParameterTests.cs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public void ParseBodyParameterShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "bodyParameter.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "bodyParameter.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public void ParsePathParameterShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "pathParameter.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "pathParameter.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public void ParseQueryParameterShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "queryParameter.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "queryParameter.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public void ParseParameterWithNullLocationShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNullLocation.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNullLocation.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public void ParseParameterWithNoLocationShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNoLocation.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNoLocation.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ public void ParseParameterWithNoSchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNoSchema.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNoSchema.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public void ParseParameterWithUnknownLocationShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithUnknownLocation.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithUnknownLocation.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ public void ParseParameterWithDefaultShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithDefault.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithDefault.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ public void ParseParameterWithEnumShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithEnum.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithEnum.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ public void ParseFormDataParameterShouldSucceed()
   ""format"": ""binary""
 }";
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "formDataParameter.json")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "formDataParameter.json")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiPathItemTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiPathItemTests.cs
index e8b340bbb..cf9e43272 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiPathItemTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiPathItemTests.cs
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ public class OpenApiPathItemTests
         public void ParseBasicPathItemWithFormDataShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicPathItemWithFormData.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicPathItemWithFormData.yaml"));
             var node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
 
             // Act
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ public void ParsePathItemWithFormDataPathParameterShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "pathItemWithFormDataPathParameter.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "pathItemWithFormDataPathParameter.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ public void ParsePathItemBodyDataPathParameterShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "pathItemWithBodyPathParameter.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "pathItemWithBodyPathParameter.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
index 5822d2239..ee5e4a25f 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
 using Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests;
 using Xunit;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.V2Tests
 {
     [Collection("DefaultSettings")]
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ public void ParseSchemaWithDefaultShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithDefault.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithDefault.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ public void ParseSchemaWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithExample.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithExample.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ public void ParseSchemaWithEnumShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithEnum.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithEnum.yaml")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
@@ -158,10 +160,10 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaWithNullableShouldSucceed()
             var expected = @"type: string
 x-nullable: true";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullableExtension.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullableExtension.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV2(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -178,10 +180,10 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaWithOnlyNullableShouldSucceed()
             // Arrange
             var expected = @"{ }";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithOnlyNullableExtension.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithOnlyNullableExtension.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV2(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
index e108774f1..7289f272e 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V2Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 using Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader;
 using Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V2;
 using Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader;
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ public class OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests
         public void ParseHttpSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicSecurityScheme.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicSecurityScheme.yaml"));
             var document = LoadYamlDocument(stream);
 
             var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic();
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ public void ParseHttpSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public void ParseApiKeySecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "apiKeySecurityScheme.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "apiKeySecurityScheme.yaml"));
             var document = LoadYamlDocument(stream);
             var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic();
             var context = new ParsingContext(diagnostic);
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ public void ParseApiKeySecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public void ParseOAuth2ImplicitSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2ImplicitSecurityScheme.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2ImplicitSecurityScheme.yaml"));
             var document = LoadYamlDocument(stream);
             var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic();
             var context = new ParsingContext(diagnostic);
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ public void ParseOAuth2ImplicitSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public void ParseOAuth2PasswordSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2PasswordSecurityScheme.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2PasswordSecurityScheme.yaml"));
             var document = LoadYamlDocument(stream);
             var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic();
             var context = new ParsingContext(diagnostic);
@@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ public void ParseOAuth2PasswordSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public void ParseOAuth2ApplicationSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2ApplicationSecurityScheme.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2ApplicationSecurityScheme.yaml"));
             var document = LoadYamlDocument(stream);
             var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic();
             var context = new ParsingContext(diagnostic);
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ public void ParseOAuth2ApplicationSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public void ParseOAuth2AccessCodeSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2AccessCodeSecurityScheme.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2AccessCodeSecurityScheme.yaml"));
             var document = LoadYamlDocument(stream);
 
             var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic();
@@ -209,6 +210,29 @@ public void ParseOAuth2AccessCodeSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
                 }, securityScheme);
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public void ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeWithMetadataUrlExtensionShouldSucceed()
+        {
+            var json =
+                """
+                {
+                  "type": "oauth2",
+                  "flow": "application",
+                  "tokenUrl": "https://idp.example.com/oauth/token",
+                  "scopes": {
+                    "scope:one": "Scope one"
+                  },
+                  "x-oai-oauth2-metadata-url": "https://idp.example.com/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server"
+                }
+                """;
+
+            var securityScheme = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(
+                OpenApiV2Deserializer.LoadSecurityScheme(JsonNode.Parse(json)!, new(), new ParsingContext(new())));
+
+            Assert.Equal(new Uri("https://idp.example.com/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server"), securityScheme.OAuth2MetadataUrl);
+            Assert.True(securityScheme.Extensions is null || !securityScheme.Extensions.ContainsKey(OpenApiConstants.OAuth2MetadataUrlExtension));
+        }
+
         static YamlDocument LoadYamlDocument(Stream input)
         {
             using var reader = new StreamReader(input);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
index 1abb7f7a9..854afad9e 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ public class OpenApiDiscriminatorTests
         public async Task ParseBasicDiscriminatorShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicDiscriminator.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicDiscriminator.yaml"));
             // Copy stream to MemoryStream
             using var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
-            await stream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream);
+            await stream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             memoryStream.Position = 0;
 
             // Act
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests.cs
index 0e2155de3..afb27144c 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests.cs
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ public class OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests
         public async Task Serialize_DoesNotMutateDom(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWith31properties.json");
-            var (doc, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWith31properties.json");
+            var (doc, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Act: Serialize using System.Text.Json
             var options = new JsonSerializerOptions
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
index f764f7e60..cedd134d8 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 using System;
 using System.Net.Http;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.V31Tests
 {
     public class OpenApiDocumentTests
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ public void ParseDocumentWithMalformedReferenceShouldYieldExpectedDiagnostic()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithWebhooksShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange and Act
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithWebhooks.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithWebhooks.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var petSchema = new OpenApiSchemaReference("petSchema", actual.Document);
 
             var newPetSchema = new OpenApiSchemaReference("newPetSchema", actual.Document);
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithWebhooksShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseDocumentsWithReusablePathItemInWebhooksSucceeds()
         {
             // Arrange && Act
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V31Tests/Samples/OpenApiDocument/documentWithReusablePaths.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V31Tests/Samples/OpenApiDocument/documentWithReusablePaths.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var components = new OpenApiComponents
             {
@@ -459,7 +461,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithExampleInSchemaShouldSucceed()
             var writer = new OpenApiJsonWriter(outputStringWriter, new OpenApiJsonWriterSettings { Terse = false });
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithExample.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithExample.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             actual.Document.SerializeAsV31(writer);
 
             // Assert
@@ -470,7 +472,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithExampleInSchemaShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithPatternPropertiesInSchemaWorks()
         {
             // Arrange and Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithPatternPropertiesInSchema.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithPatternPropertiesInSchema.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actualSchema = result.Document.Paths["/example"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             var expectedSchema = new OpenApiSchema
@@ -516,7 +518,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithPatternPropertiesInSchemaWorks()
     prop3:
       type: string";
 
-            var actualMediaType = await mediaType.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actualMediaType = await mediaType.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(expectedSchema, actualSchema);
@@ -527,7 +529,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithPatternPropertiesInSchemaWorks()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithReferenceByIdGetsResolved()
         {
             // Arrange and Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithReferenceById.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithReferenceById.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var responseSchema = result.Document.Paths["/resource"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
             var requestBodySchema = result.Document.Paths["/resource"].Operations[HttpMethod.Post].RequestBody.Content["application/json"].Schema;
@@ -544,7 +546,7 @@ public async Task ExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentUsingJsonPointerWo
         {
             // Arrange
             var documentName = "externalRefByJsonPointer.yaml";
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath, documentName);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath, documentName);
 
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
@@ -554,13 +556,13 @@ public async Task ExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentUsingJsonPointerWo
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, documentName), settings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, documentName), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var responseSchema = result.Document.Paths["/resource"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             // Assert
             var externalResourceUri = new Uri(
                 "file://" + 
-                Path.Combine(Path.GetFullPath(SampleFolderPath), 
+                Path.Join(Path.GetFullPath(SampleFolderPath), 
                 "externalResource.yaml#/components/schemas/todo")).AbsoluteUri;
 
             Assert.True(result.Document.Workspace.Contains(externalResourceUri));
@@ -571,7 +573,7 @@ public async Task ExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentUsingJsonPointerWo
         public async Task ParseExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentByIdWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
 
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
@@ -581,8 +583,8 @@ public async Task ParseExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentByIdWorks()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "externalRefById.yaml"), settings);
-            var doc2 = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "externalResource.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "externalRefById.yaml"), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var doc2 = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "externalResource.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
 
             var requestBodySchema = result.Document.Paths["/resource"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Parameters[0].Schema;
             result.Document.Workspace.RegisterComponents(doc2);
@@ -594,8 +596,8 @@ public async Task ParseExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentByIdWorks()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseDocumentWith31PropertiesWorks()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWith31Properties.yaml");
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWith31Properties.yaml");
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var outputStringWriter = new StringWriter();
             doc.SerializeAsV31(new OpenApiYamlWriter(outputStringWriter));
             await outputStringWriter.FlushAsync();
@@ -608,16 +610,16 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWith31PropertiesWorks()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithEmptyTagsWorks()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithEmptyTags.json");
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithEmptyTags.json");
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
 
             doc.Paths["/groups"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Tags.Should().BeNull("Empty tags are ignored, so we should not have any tags");
         }
         [Fact]
         public async Task DocumentWithSchemaResultsInWarning()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSchema.json");
-            var (doc, diag) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSchema.json");
+            var (doc, diag) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(doc);
             Assert.NotNull(diag);
             Assert.Empty(diag.Errors);
@@ -635,8 +637,8 @@ public void ParseEmptyMemoryStreamThrowsAnArgumentException()
         public async Task ValidateReferencedExampleInSchemaWorks()
         {
             // Arrange && Act
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithReferencedExampleInSchemaWorks.yaml");
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithReferencedExampleInSchemaWorks.yaml");
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actualSchemaExample = result.Document.Components.Schemas["DiffCreatedEvent"].Properties["updatedAt"].Example;
             var targetSchemaExample = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Timestamp"].Example;
 
@@ -650,8 +652,8 @@ public async Task ValidateReferencedExampleInSchemaWorks()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithSelfExtensionWorks()
         {
             // Arrange && Act
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSelfExtension.yaml");
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSelfExtension.yaml");
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDynamicRefTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDynamicRefTests.cs
index 49921034c..a862c971b 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDynamicRefTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiDynamicRefTests.cs
@@ -626,8 +626,8 @@ public async Task AbsoluteDynamicRefResolvesAcrossDocuments()
 
         using var streamA = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlA));
         using var streamB = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlB));
-        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
-        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         var docA = resultA.Document;
         var docB = resultB.Document;
@@ -1485,8 +1485,8 @@ public async Task ExternalDynamicRefResolvesToPlainAnchorInExternalDocument()
 
         using var streamA = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlA));
         using var streamB = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlB));
-        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
-        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         var docA = resultA.Document;
         var docB = resultB.Document;
@@ -1545,8 +1545,8 @@ public async Task ExternalDynamicRefWithRelativeUriResolvesAcrossDocuments()
 
         using var streamA = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlA));
         using var streamB = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlB));
-        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
-        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         var docA = resultA.Document;
         var docB = resultB.Document;
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
index 6a03ea015..9ec9f9199 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public class OpenApiEncodingTests
         public async Task ParseEncodingWithAllowReservedShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithAllowReserved.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithAllowReserved.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
index 1f74aa4b3..7a2baacdb 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ public async Task ParseExampleWithDataValueExtensionShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange & Act
             var example = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiExample>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithDataValue.yaml"), 
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithDataValue.yaml"), 
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, 
                 new(), 
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(example);
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ public async Task ParseExampleWithSerializedValueExtensionShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange & Act
             var example = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiExample>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithSerializedValue.yaml"), 
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithSerializedValue.yaml"), 
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, 
                 new(), 
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(example);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
index a15059ab5..0478a3acf 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ public class OpenApiHeaderTests
         public async Task ParseBasicHeaderShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicHeader.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicHeader.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ public async Task ParseBasicHeaderShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderWithContentShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithContent.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithContent.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ public async Task ParseHeaderWithContentShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderWithMultipleContentTypesShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithMultipleContentTypes.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithMultipleContentTypes.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ public async Task ParseHeaderWithMultipleContentTypesShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderWithStyleAndContentShouldPreferContent()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithStyleAndContent.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithStyleAndContent.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             // Both content and style can be present, content takes precedence for serialization behavior
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
index 1af2aca13..a1bcea365 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ public class OpenApiInfoTests
         [Fact]
         public void ParseBasicInfoShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicInfo.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicInfo.yaml"));
             var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
             yamlStream.Load(new StreamReader(stream));
             var yamlNode = yamlStream.Documents[0].RootNode;
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs
index 26d841811..33df2da48 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public class OpenApiLicenseTests
         [Fact]
         public void ParseLicenseWithSpdxIdentifierShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "licenseWithSpdxIdentifier.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "licenseWithSpdxIdentifier.yaml"));
             var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
             yamlStream.Load(new StreamReader(stream));
             var yamlNode = yamlStream.Documents[0].RootNode;
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
index 39ea5420d..5f14143a8 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public class OpenApiMediaTypeTests
         public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             mediaType.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithExamplesShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExamples.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExamples.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             mediaType.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -103,14 +103,14 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithEmptyArrayInExamplesWorks()
 }
 ";
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "examplesWithEmptyArray.json")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "examplesWithEmptyArray.json")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
 
             // Act
             var mediaType = OpenApiV31Deserializer.LoadMediaType(node, new(), new ParsingContext(new()));
-            var serialized = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var serialized = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), serialized.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -121,10 +121,10 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithXOaiItemSchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiItemSchema.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiItemSchema.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var expected = new OpenApiMediaType
@@ -147,10 +147,10 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithXOaiItemEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiItemEncoding.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiItemEncoding.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(mediaType);
@@ -166,10 +166,10 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithXOaiPrefixEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiPrefixEncoding.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiPrefixEncoding.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(mediaType);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs
index 48de4d075..0257418a5 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public class OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests
     public async Task ExtraneousOperationsAreParsedAsExtensionsIn31()
     {
         // Arrange & Act
-        var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync($"{SampleFolderPath}pathItemWithQueryAndAdditionalOperations.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+        var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync($"{SampleFolderPath}pathItemWithQueryAndAdditionalOperations.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var pathItem = result.Document.Paths["/pets"];
 
         // Assert
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
index 8f3314db2..8f86d8297 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 using Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests;
 using Xunit;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.V31Tests
 {
     public class OpenApiSchemaTests
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ public class OpenApiSchemaTests
 
         public static MemoryStream GetMemoryStream(string fileName)
         {
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, fileName);
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, fileName);
             var fileBytes = File.ReadAllBytes(filePath);
             return new MemoryStream(fileBytes);
         }
@@ -106,7 +108,7 @@ public async Task ParseBasicV31SchemaShouldSucceed()
 
             // Act
             var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "jsonSchema.json"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "jsonSchema.json"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(expectedObject, schema);
@@ -190,10 +192,10 @@ public void TestSchemaCopyConstructorWithTypeArrayWorks()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseV31SchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schema.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schema.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var expectedSchema = new OpenApiSchema
             {
                 Type = JsonSchemaType.Object,
@@ -215,8 +217,8 @@ public async Task ParseV31SchemaShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseAdvancedV31SchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange and Act
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "advancedSchema.yaml");
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "advancedSchema.yaml");
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var expectedSchema = new OpenApiSchema
             {
@@ -440,10 +442,10 @@ public async Task SerializeV31SchemaWithMultipleTypesAsV3Works()
             var expected = @"type: string
 nullable: true";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithTypeArray.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithTypeArray.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV3(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -459,10 +461,10 @@ public async Task SerializeV31SchemaWithMultipleTypesAsV2Works()
             var expected = @"type: string
 x-nullable: true";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithTypeArray.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithTypeArray.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV2(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -479,10 +481,10 @@ public async Task SerializeV3SchemaWithNullableAsV31Works()
   - 'null'
   - string";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullable.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullable.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV31(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -499,10 +501,10 @@ public async Task SerializeV2SchemaWithNullableExtensionAsV31Works()
   - 'null'
   - string";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullableExtension.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullableExtension.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV31(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -538,10 +540,10 @@ public async Task LoadSchemaWithNullableExtensionAsV31ShouldNotWork(string fileP
             // "nullable" is only for 3.0.
             // and "x-nullable" is only for 2.0.
             // Arrange
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, filePath);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, filePath);
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.String, schema.Type);
@@ -578,10 +580,10 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaWithJsonSchemaKeywordsWorks()
     $dynamicRef: '#addressDef'
 description: Schema for a person object
 ";
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithJsonSchemaKeywords.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithJsonSchemaKeywords.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // serialization
             var writer = new StringWriter();
@@ -622,10 +624,10 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaWithConstWorks()
   }
 }";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithConst.json");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithConst.json");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Equal("active", schema.Properties["status"].Const);
             Assert.Equal("admin", schema.Properties["user"].Properties["role"].Const);
 
@@ -665,10 +667,10 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaWithConstNullWorks()
   }
 }";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithConstNull.json");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithConstNull.json");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var statusSchema = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchema>(schema.Properties["status"]);
             Assert.Null(statusSchema.Const);
@@ -1018,7 +1020,7 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaReferencePreservesJsonSchema2020KeywordSiblings()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1060,14 +1062,14 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferencePreservesJsonSchema2020KeywordSiblings
 
             // Act — parse then serialize back
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             result.Document.SerializeAsV31(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
             var output = writer.ToString();
 
             // Assert — round-trip preserves $dynamicAnchor and $defs alongside $ref
             using var roundTripStream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(output));
-            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1104,7 +1106,7 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaReferencePreservesScalarKeywordSiblings()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1143,14 +1145,14 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferencePreservesScalarKeywordSiblings()
 
             // Act — parse then serialize back
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             result.Document.SerializeAsV31(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
             var output = writer.ToString();
 
             // Assert — round-trip preserves scalar siblings alongside $ref
             using var roundTripStream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(output));
-            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1186,7 +1188,7 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaReferencePreservesVocabularySibling()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1235,7 +1237,7 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaReferencePreservesDynamicAnchorInsideDefsInAllOf()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var assetPaged = result.Document.Components.Schemas["AssetPaged"];
@@ -1282,7 +1284,7 @@ public async Task EmptySiblingCollectionsFallThroughToTarget()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1324,7 +1326,7 @@ public async Task SiblingsOnRefAreDroppedForOpenApi30()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1358,14 +1360,14 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferencePreservesVocabularySibling()
 
             // Act — parse then serialize back
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             result.Document.SerializeAsV31(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
             var output = writer.ToString();
 
             // Assert — round-trip preserves $vocabulary alongside $ref
             using var roundTripStream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(output));
-            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1402,7 +1404,7 @@ public async Task CreateShallowCopyPreservesKeywordSiblings()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReferenceDeserializerTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReferenceDeserializerTests.cs
index 7767148a5..a456d7b98 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReferenceDeserializerTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReferenceDeserializerTests.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using System;
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 using Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader;
 using Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V31;
@@ -67,4 +68,30 @@ public void ShouldDeserializeSecuritySchemeWithXOaiDeprecatedExtension()
         Assert.Equal(ParameterLocation.Header, resultScheme.In);
         Assert.True(resultScheme.Deprecated);
     }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ShouldDeserializeSecuritySchemeWithOAuth2MetadataUrlExtension()
+    {
+        var json =
+        """
+        {
+            "type": "oauth2",
+            "x-oai-oauth2-metadata-url": "https://idp.example.com/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server",
+            "flows": {
+                "clientCredentials": {
+                    "tokenUrl": "https://idp.example.com/oauth/token",
+                    "scopes": {
+                        "scope:one": "Scope one"
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        """;
+
+        var result = OpenApiV31Deserializer.LoadSecurityScheme(JsonNode.Parse(json), new OpenApiDocument(), new ParsingContext(new()));
+
+        var resultScheme = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(result);
+        Assert.Equal(new Uri("https://idp.example.com/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server"), resultScheme.OAuth2MetadataUrl);
+        Assert.True(resultScheme.Extensions is null || !resultScheme.Extensions.ContainsKey(OpenApiConstants.OAuth2MetadataUrlExtension));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
index 75d204097..49720fe3f 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public class OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests
         public async Task ParseHttpSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "httpSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "httpSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public async Task ParseHttpSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseApiKeySecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "apiKeySecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "apiKeySecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public async Task ParseApiKeySecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseBearerSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "bearerSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "bearerSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public async Task ParseBearerSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseOpenIdConnectSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "openIdConnectSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "openIdConnectSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -107,10 +107,10 @@ public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceAuthorizationUrlShouldSucce
         {
             // Act
             var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceUrl.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceUrl.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(securityScheme);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/RelativeReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/RelativeReferenceTests.cs
index 4eebac2f5..d829c4d5a 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/RelativeReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V31Tests/RelativeReferenceTests.cs
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ public class RelativeReferenceTests
         public async Task ParseInlineLocalReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "inlineLocalReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "inlineLocalReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schemaType = actual.Paths["/item"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Parameters[0].Schema.Type;
 
             // Assert
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public async Task ParseInlineExternalReferenceWorks()
                 }
             };
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
 
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public async Task ParseInlineExternalReferenceWorks()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "inlineExternalReference.yaml"), settings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "inlineExternalReference.yaml"), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var exampleValue = actual.Paths["/items"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Examples["item-list"].Value;
 
             // Assert
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public async Task ParseInlineExternalReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseComponentExternalReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
                 LoadExternalRefs = true,
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public async Task ParseComponentExternalReferenceWorks()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "componentExternalReference.yaml"), settings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "componentExternalReference.yaml"), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var securitySchemeValue = actual.Components.SecuritySchemes["customapikey"];
 
             // Assert
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ public async Task ParseComponentExternalReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseRootInlineJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "rootInlineSchemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "rootInlineSchemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Paths["/item"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             // Assert
@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ public async Task ParseRootInlineJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseSubschemaInlineJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "subschemaInlineSchemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "subschemaInlineSchemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Paths["/items"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema.Items;
 
             // Assert
@@ -111,10 +111,10 @@ public async Task ParseSubschemaInlineJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseRootComponentJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "rootComponentSchemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "rootComponentSchemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Components.Schemas["specialitem"];
 
             // Assert
@@ -126,10 +126,10 @@ public async Task ParseRootComponentJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseSubschemaComponentJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "subschemaComponentSchemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "subschemaComponentSchemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Components.Schemas["items"].Items;
 
             // Assert
@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ public async Task ParseSubschemaComponentJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseInternalComponentSubschemaJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "internalComponentsSubschemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "internalComponentsSubschemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var addressSchema = actual.Paths["/person/{id}/address"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
             var itemsSchema = actual.Paths["/human"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public async Task ParseInternalComponentSubschemaJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseExternalComponentSubschemaJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
                 LoadExternalRefs = true,
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ public async Task ParseExternalComponentSubschemaJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "externalComponentSubschemaReference.yaml"), settings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "externalComponentSubschemaReference.yaml"), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Paths["/person/{id}"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             // Assert
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(rootPath,
             application/json:
               schema:
                 $ref: 'OAS-schemas.yaml#address'
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
             @"
 openapi: 3.1.0
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
         address:
           $anchor: address
           type: object
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             try
             {
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
                 };
                 settings.AddYamlReader();
 
-                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings);
+                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
                 var schema = result.Document.Paths["/person/{id}"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
                 Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.Object, schema.Type);
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(rootPath,
             application/json:
               schema:
                 $ref: 'OAS-schemas.yaml#/person/properties/address'
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
             @"
 person:
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
   properties:
     address:
       type: object
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             try
             {
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
                 };
                 settings.AddYamlReader();
 
-                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings);
+                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
                 var schema = result.Document.Paths["/person/{id}"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
                 var schemaReference = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchemaReference>(schema);
 
@@ -293,10 +293,10 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
         public async Task ParseReferenceToInternalComponentUsingDollarIdWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "internalComponentReferenceUsingId.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "internalComponentReferenceUsingId.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Paths["/person/{id}"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             // Assert
@@ -338,11 +338,11 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(rootPath,
           properties:
             street:
               type: string
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             try
             {
-                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
                 var schema = result.Document.Paths["/person/{id}/address"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
                 Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.Object, schema.Type);
@@ -358,12 +358,12 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(rootPath,
         public async Task ParseLocalReferenceToJsonSchemaResourceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "localReferenceToJsonSchemaResource.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "localReferenceToJsonSchemaResource.yaml");
             var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
             var writer = new OpenApiYamlWriter(stringWriter);
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Components.Schemas["a"].Properties["b"].Properties["c"].Properties["b"];
             schema.SerializeAsV31(writer);
 
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(rootPath,
   schemas:
     Leaf:
       $ref: './shared.yaml#/Leaf'
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             await File.WriteAllTextAsync(sharedPath,
             @"Leaf:
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(sharedPath,
       type: string
     y:
       type: integer
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             try
             {
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(sharedPath,
                 };
                 settings.AddYamlReader();
 
-                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings);
+                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
                 var responseSchema = result.Document.Paths["/a"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
                 var metaSchema = responseSchema.Properties["meta"];
                 var leafSchema = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Leaf"];
@@ -521,10 +521,10 @@ public void ResolveSubSchema_ShouldRecurseIntoAllOfComposition()
         public async Task ShouldResolveRelativeSubReference()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "relativeSubschemaReference.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "relativeSubschemaReference.json");
 
             // Act
-            var (actual, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var (actual, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var fooComponentSchema = actual.Components.Schemas["Foo"];
             var seq1Property = fooComponentSchema.Properties["seq1"];
@@ -538,9 +538,9 @@ public async Task ShouldResolveRelativeSubReference()
         public async Task ShouldResolveRelativeSubReferenceUsingParsingContext()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "relativeSubschemaReference.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "relativeSubschemaReference.json");
             using var fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
-            var jsonNode = await JsonNode.ParseAsync(fs);
+            var jsonNode = await JsonNode.ParseAsync(fs, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var schemaJsonNode = jsonNode["components"]?["schemas"]?["Foo"];
             Assert.NotNull(schemaJsonNode);
             var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic();
@@ -631,10 +631,10 @@ public void ShouldResolveAbsoluteSubReferenceFromTheObjectModel()
         public async Task ShouldResolveRecursiveRelativeSubReference()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "recursiveRelativeSubschemaReference.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "recursiveRelativeSubschemaReference.json");
 
             // Act
-            var (actual, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var (actual, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var fooComponentSchema = actual.Components.Schemas["Foo"];
             var fooSchemaParentProperty = fooComponentSchema.Properties["parent"];
@@ -652,9 +652,9 @@ public async Task ShouldResolveRecursiveRelativeSubReference()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ShouldResolveReferencesInSchemasFromSystemTextJson()
         {
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "STJSchema.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "STJSchema.json");
             using var fs = File.OpenRead(filePath);
-            var jsonNode = await JsonNode.ParseAsync(fs);
+            var jsonNode = await JsonNode.ParseAsync(fs, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var parsingContext = new ParsingContext(new OpenApiDiagnostic());
             var document = new OpenApiDocument();
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
index 4b359546e..c571b0ce6 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ public class OpenApiDiscriminatorTests
         public async Task ParseBasicDiscriminatorShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicDiscriminator.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicDiscriminator.yaml"));
             // Copy stream to MemoryStream
             using var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
-            await stream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream);
+            await stream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             memoryStream.Position = 0;
 
             // Act
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests.cs
index b95a25af2..d97cb2bf1 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests.cs
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ public class OpenApiDocumentSerializationTests
         public async Task Serialize_DoesNotMutateDom(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWith32properties.json");
-            var (doc, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWith32properties.json");
+            var (doc, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Act: Serialize using System.Text.Json
             var options = new JsonSerializerOptions
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.ParseDocumentWith32PropertiesWorks.verified.txt b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.ParseDocumentWith32PropertiesWorks.verified.txt
index a9a5d5e1b..6dac0f30e 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.ParseDocumentWith32PropertiesWorks.verified.txt
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.ParseDocumentWith32PropertiesWorks.verified.txt
@@ -113,4 +113,4 @@ webhooks:
         required: true
       responses:
         '200':
-          description: Webhook processed successfully
+          description: Webhook processed successfully
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
index 79f2d990f..9f9c9b774 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 using System;
 using System.Net.Http;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.V32Tests
 {
     public class OpenApiDocumentTests
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ public void ParseDocumentWithMalformedReferenceShouldYieldExpectedDiagnostic()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithWebhooksShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange and Act
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithWebhooks.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithWebhooks.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var petSchema = new OpenApiSchemaReference("petSchema", actual.Document);
 
             var newPetSchema = new OpenApiSchemaReference("newPetSchema", actual.Document);
@@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithWebhooksShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseDocumentsWithReusablePathItemInWebhooksSucceeds()
         {
             // Arrange && Act
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V32Tests/Samples/OpenApiDocument/documentWithReusablePaths.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("V32Tests/Samples/OpenApiDocument/documentWithReusablePaths.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var components = new OpenApiComponents
             {
@@ -459,7 +461,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithExampleInSchemaShouldSucceed()
             var writer = new OpenApiJsonWriter(outputStringWriter, new OpenApiJsonWriterSettings { Terse = false });
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithExample.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithExample.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             actual.Document.SerializeAsV32(writer);
 
             // Assert
@@ -470,7 +472,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithExampleInSchemaShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithPatternPropertiesInSchemaWorks()
         {
             // Arrange and Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithPatternPropertiesInSchema.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithPatternPropertiesInSchema.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actualSchema = result.Document.Paths["/example"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             var expectedSchema = new OpenApiSchema
@@ -516,7 +518,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithPatternPropertiesInSchemaWorks()
     prop3:
       type: string";
 
-            var actualMediaType = await mediaType.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actualMediaType = await mediaType.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(expectedSchema, actualSchema);
@@ -527,7 +529,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithPatternPropertiesInSchemaWorks()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithReferenceByIdGetsResolved()
         {
             // Arrange and Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithReferenceById.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithReferenceById.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var responseSchema = result.Document.Paths["/resource"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
             var requestBodySchema = result.Document.Paths["/resource"].Operations[HttpMethod.Post].RequestBody.Content["application/json"].Schema;
@@ -544,7 +546,7 @@ public async Task ExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentUsingJsonPointerWo
         {
             // Arrange
             var documentName = "externalRefByJsonPointer.yaml";
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath, documentName);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath, documentName);
 
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
@@ -554,13 +556,13 @@ public async Task ExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentUsingJsonPointerWo
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, documentName), settings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, documentName), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var responseSchema = result.Document.Paths["/resource"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             // Assert
             var externalResourceUri = new Uri(
                 "file://" + 
-                Path.Combine(Path.GetFullPath(SampleFolderPath), 
+                Path.Join(Path.GetFullPath(SampleFolderPath), 
                 "externalResource.yaml#/components/schemas/todo")).AbsoluteUri;
 
             Assert.True(result.Document.Workspace.Contains(externalResourceUri));
@@ -571,7 +573,7 @@ public async Task ExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentUsingJsonPointerWo
         public async Task ParseExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentByIdWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
 
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
@@ -581,8 +583,8 @@ public async Task ParseExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentByIdWorks()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "externalRefById.yaml"), settings);
-            var doc2 = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "externalResource.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "externalRefById.yaml"), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var doc2 = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "externalResource.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
 
             var requestBodySchema = result.Document.Paths["/resource"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Parameters[0].Schema;
             result.Document.Workspace.RegisterComponents(doc2);
@@ -594,8 +596,8 @@ public async Task ParseExternalDocumentDereferenceToOpenApiDocumentByIdWorks()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseDocumentWith32PropertiesWorks()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWith32Properties.yaml");
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWith32Properties.yaml");
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var outputStringWriter = new StringWriter();
             doc.SerializeAsV32(new OpenApiYamlWriter(outputStringWriter));
             await outputStringWriter.FlushAsync();
@@ -608,16 +610,16 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWith32PropertiesWorks()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithEmptyTagsWorks()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithEmptyTags.json");
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithEmptyTags.json");
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
 
             doc.Paths["/groups"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Tags.Should().BeNull("Empty tags are ignored, so we should not have any tags");
         }
         [Fact]
         public async Task DocumentWithSchemaResultsInWarning()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSchema.json");
-            var (doc, diag) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSchema.json");
+            var (doc, diag) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(doc);
             Assert.NotNull(diag);
             Assert.Empty(diag.Errors);
@@ -635,8 +637,8 @@ public void ParseEmptyMemoryStreamThrowsAnArgumentException()
         public async Task ValidateReferencedExampleInSchemaWorks()
         {
             // Arrange && Act
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithReferencedExampleInSchemaWorks.yaml");
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithReferencedExampleInSchemaWorks.yaml");
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actualSchemaExample = result.Document.Components.Schemas["DiffCreatedEvent"].Properties["updatedAt"].Example;
             var targetSchemaExample = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Timestamp"].Example;
 
@@ -650,8 +652,8 @@ public async Task ValidateReferencedExampleInSchemaWorks()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithSelfPropertyFromYamlWorks()
         {
             // Arrange && Act
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSelfProperty.yaml");
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSelfProperty.yaml");
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document);
@@ -667,8 +669,8 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithSelfPropertyFromYamlWorks()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithSelfPropertyFromJsonWorks()
         {
             // Arrange && Act
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSelfProperty.json");
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithSelfProperty.json");
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDynamicRefTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDynamicRefTests.cs
index e35b501dc..1e3140931 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDynamicRefTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiDynamicRefTests.cs
@@ -165,8 +165,8 @@ public async Task ExternalDynamicRefWithRelativeUriResolvesAcrossDocuments()
 
         using var streamA = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlA));
         using var streamB = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlB));
-        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
-        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         var docA = resultA.Document;
         var docB = resultB.Document;
@@ -1488,8 +1488,8 @@ public async Task AbsoluteDynamicRefResolvesAcrossDocuments()
 
         using var streamA = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlA));
         using var streamB = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlB));
-        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
-        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         var docA = resultA.Document;
         var docB = resultB.Document;
@@ -1840,8 +1840,8 @@ public async Task ExternalDynamicRefResolvesToPlainAnchorInExternalDocument()
 
         using var streamA = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlA));
         using var streamB = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yamlB));
-        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
-        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+        var resultA = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamA, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        var resultB = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(streamB, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         var docA = resultA.Document;
         var docB = resultB.Document;
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
index 166f6fd12..6f8574421 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public class OpenApiEncodingTests
         public async Task ParseEncodingWithAllowReservedShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithAllowReserved.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithAllowReserved.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public async Task ParseEncodingWithAllowReservedShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseEncodingWithNestedEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithNestedEncoding.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithNestedEncoding.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(encoding);
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public async Task ParseEncodingWithNestedEncodingShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseEncodingWithItemAndPrefixEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithItemAndPrefixEncoding.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithItemAndPrefixEncoding.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(encoding);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
index 5d586f469..9a9b5f3ea 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ public async Task ParseExampleWithDataValueShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange & Act
             var example = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiExample>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithDataValue.yaml"), 
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithDataValue.yaml"), 
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, 
                 new(), 
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(example);
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ public async Task ParseExampleWithSerializedValueShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange & Act
             var example = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiExample>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithSerializedValue.yaml"), 
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithSerializedValue.yaml"), 
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, 
                 new(), 
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(example);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
index f1d28eced..5f24378cf 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ public class OpenApiHeaderTests
         public async Task ParseBasicHeaderShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicHeader.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicHeader.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ public async Task ParseBasicHeaderShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderWithContentShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithContent.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithContent.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ public async Task ParseHeaderWithContentShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderWithMultipleContentTypesShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithMultipleContentTypes.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithMultipleContentTypes.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ public async Task ParseHeaderWithMultipleContentTypesShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderWithStyleAndContentShouldPreferContent()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithStyleAndContent.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithStyleAndContent.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             // Both content and style can be present, content takes precedence for serialization behavior
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
index 6b21cac41..111ba07a0 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ public class OpenApiInfoTests
         [Fact]
         public void ParseBasicInfoShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicInfo.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicInfo.yaml"));
             var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
             yamlStream.Load(new StreamReader(stream));
             var yamlNode = yamlStream.Documents[0].RootNode;
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs
index 6a7f9a74e..9e940c3f1 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public class OpenApiLicenseTests
         [Fact]
         public void ParseLicenseWithSpdxIdentifierShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "licenseWithSpdxIdentifier.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "licenseWithSpdxIdentifier.yaml"));
             var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
             yamlStream.Load(new StreamReader(stream));
             var yamlNode = yamlStream.Documents[0].RootNode;
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
index 903ffd84c..d2163b230 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public class OpenApiMediaTypeTests
         public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             mediaType.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithExamplesShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExamples.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExamples.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             mediaType.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -103,14 +103,14 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithEmptyArrayInExamplesWorks()
 }
 ";
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "examplesWithEmptyArray.json")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "examplesWithEmptyArray.json")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
 
             // Act
             var mediaType = OpenApiV32Deserializer.LoadMediaType(node, new(), new ParsingContext(new()));
-            var serialized = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var serialized = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), serialized.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -121,10 +121,10 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithItemSchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithItemSchema.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithItemSchema.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var expected = new OpenApiMediaType
@@ -147,10 +147,10 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithItemEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithItemEncoding.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithItemEncoding.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(mediaType);
@@ -166,10 +166,10 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithPrefixEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithPrefixEncoding.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithPrefixEncoding.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(mediaType);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs
index 66d2364c2..98e32a126 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ public class OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests
     public async Task ParsePathItemWithQueryAndAdditionalOperationsV32Works()
     {
         // Arrange & Act
-        var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync($"{SampleFolderPath}pathItemWithQueryAndAdditionalOperations.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+        var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync($"{SampleFolderPath}pathItemWithQueryAndAdditionalOperations.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var pathItem = result.Document.Paths["/pets"];
 
         // Assert
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
index ff1619802..6426733e3 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 using Xunit;
 using System;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.V32Tests
 {
     public class OpenApiSchemaTests
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ public class OpenApiSchemaTests
 
         public static MemoryStream GetMemoryStream(string fileName)
         {
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, fileName);
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, fileName);
             var fileBytes = File.ReadAllBytes(filePath);
             return new MemoryStream(fileBytes);
         }
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ public async Task ParseBasicV32SchemaShouldSucceed()
 
             // Act
             var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "jsonSchema.json"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "jsonSchema.json"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(expectedObject, schema);
@@ -189,10 +191,10 @@ public void TestSchemaCopyConstructorWithTypeArrayWorks()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseV32SchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schema.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schema.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var expectedSchema = new OpenApiSchema
             {
                 Type = JsonSchemaType.Object,
@@ -214,8 +216,8 @@ public async Task ParseV32SchemaShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseAdvancedV32SchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange and Act
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "advancedSchema.yaml");
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "advancedSchema.yaml");
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var expectedSchema = new OpenApiSchema
             {
@@ -342,10 +344,10 @@ public async Task SerializeV32SchemaWithMultipleTypesAsV3Works()
             var expected = @"type: string
 nullable: true";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithTypeArray.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithTypeArray.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV3(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -361,10 +363,10 @@ public async Task SerializeV32SchemaWithMultipleTypesAsV2Works()
             var expected = @"type: string
 x-nullable: true";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithTypeArray.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithTypeArray.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV2(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -381,10 +383,10 @@ public async Task SerializeV3SchemaWithNullableAsV32Works()
   - 'null'
   - string";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullable.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullable.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV32(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -401,10 +403,10 @@ public async Task SerializeV2SchemaWithNullableExtensionAsV32Works()
   - 'null'
   - string";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullableExtension.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullableExtension.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV32(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -441,10 +443,10 @@ public async Task LoadSchemaWithNullableExtensionAsV32ShouldNotWork(string fileP
             // and "x-nullable" is only for 2.0.
 
             // Arrange
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, filePath);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, filePath);
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.String, schema.Type);
@@ -481,10 +483,10 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaWithJsonSchemaKeywordsWorks()
     $dynamicRef: '#addressDef'
 description: Schema for a person object
 ";
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithJsonSchemaKeywords.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithJsonSchemaKeywords.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // serialization
             var writer = new StringWriter();
@@ -525,10 +527,10 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaWithConstWorks()
   }
 }";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithConst.json");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithConst.json");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Equal("active", schema.Properties["status"].Const);
             Assert.Equal("admin", schema.Properties["user"].Properties["role"].Const);
 
@@ -568,10 +570,10 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaWithConstNullWorks()
   }
 }";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithConstNull.json");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithConstNull.json");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             
             var statusSchema = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchema>(schema.Properties["status"]);
             Assert.Null(statusSchema.Const);
@@ -870,7 +872,7 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaReferencePreservesJsonSchema2020KeywordSiblings()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -912,14 +914,14 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferencePreservesJsonSchema2020KeywordSiblings
 
             // Act — parse then serialize back
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             result.Document.SerializeAsV32(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
             var output = writer.ToString();
 
             // Assert — round-trip preserves $dynamicAnchor and $defs alongside $ref
             using var roundTripStream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(output));
-            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -956,7 +958,7 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaReferencePreservesScalarKeywordSiblings()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -995,14 +997,14 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferencePreservesScalarKeywordSiblings()
 
             // Act — parse then serialize back
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             result.Document.SerializeAsV32(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
             var output = writer.ToString();
 
             // Assert — round-trip preserves scalar siblings alongside $ref
             using var roundTripStream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(output));
-            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var roundTripResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(roundTripStream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = roundTripResult.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1038,7 +1040,7 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaReferencePreservesVocabularySibling()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var referencing = result.Document.Components.Schemas["Referencing"];
@@ -1085,7 +1087,7 @@ public async Task ParseSchemaReferencePreservesDynamicAnchorInsideDefsInAllOf()
 
             // Act
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(yaml));
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, "yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document.Components.Schemas);
             var assetPaged = result.Document.Components.Schemas["AssetPaged"];
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
index 50c836f66..d0f477617 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public class OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests
         public async Task ParseHttpSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "httpSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "httpSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public async Task ParseHttpSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseApiKeySecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "apiKeySecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "apiKeySecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public async Task ParseApiKeySecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseBearerSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "bearerSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "bearerSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public async Task ParseBearerSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -91,10 +91,10 @@ public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeWithMetadataUrlShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecuritySchemeWithMetadataUrl.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecuritySchemeWithMetadataUrl.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeWithMetadataUrlShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseOpenIdConnectSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "openIdConnectSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "openIdConnectSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -137,10 +137,10 @@ public async Task ParseMutualTlsSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mutualTlsSecurityScheme.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mutualTlsSecurityScheme.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -156,10 +156,10 @@ public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceAuthorizationUrlShouldSucce
         {
             // Act
             var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceUrl.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceUrl.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(securityScheme);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/RelativeReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/RelativeReferenceTests.cs
index 7b53c9688..87080b921 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/RelativeReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V32Tests/RelativeReferenceTests.cs
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ public class RelativeReferenceTests
         public async Task ParseInlineLocalReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "inlineLocalReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "inlineLocalReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schemaType = actual.Paths["/item"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Parameters[0].Schema.Type;
 
             // Assert
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public async Task ParseInlineExternalReferenceWorks()
                 }
             };
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
 
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public async Task ParseInlineExternalReferenceWorks()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "inlineExternalReference.yaml"), settings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "inlineExternalReference.yaml"), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var exampleValue = actual.Paths["/items"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Examples["item-list"].Value;
 
             // Assert
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public async Task ParseInlineExternalReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseComponentExternalReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
                 LoadExternalRefs = true,
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public async Task ParseComponentExternalReferenceWorks()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "componentExternalReference.yaml"), settings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "componentExternalReference.yaml"), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var securitySchemeValue = actual.Components.SecuritySchemes["customapikey"];
 
             // Assert
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ public async Task ParseComponentExternalReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseRootInlineJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "rootInlineSchemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "rootInlineSchemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Paths["/item"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             // Assert
@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ public async Task ParseRootInlineJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseSubschemaInlineJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "subschemaInlineSchemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "subschemaInlineSchemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Paths["/items"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema.Items;
 
             // Assert
@@ -111,10 +111,10 @@ public async Task ParseSubschemaInlineJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseRootComponentJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "rootComponentSchemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "rootComponentSchemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Components.Schemas["specialitem"];
 
             // Assert
@@ -126,10 +126,10 @@ public async Task ParseRootComponentJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseSubschemaComponentJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "subschemaComponentSchemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "subschemaComponentSchemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Components.Schemas["items"].Items;
 
             // Assert
@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ public async Task ParseSubschemaComponentJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseInternalComponentSubschemaJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "internalComponentsSubschemaReference.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "internalComponentsSubschemaReference.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var addressSchema = actual.Paths["/person/{id}/address"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
             var itemsSchema = actual.Paths["/human"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public async Task ParseInternalComponentSubschemaJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         public async Task ParseExternalComponentSubschemaJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
+            var path = Path.Join(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), SampleFolderPath);
             var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
             {
                 LoadExternalRefs = true,
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ public async Task ParseExternalComponentSubschemaJsonSchemaReferenceWorks()
             settings.AddYamlReader();
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "externalComponentSubschemaReference.yaml"), settings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "externalComponentSubschemaReference.yaml"), settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Paths["/person/{id}"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             // Assert
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(rootPath,
             application/json:
               schema:
                 $ref: 'OAS-schemas.yaml#address'
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
             @"
 openapi: 3.2.0
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
         address:
           $anchor: address
           type: object
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             try
             {
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
                 };
                 settings.AddYamlReader();
 
-                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings);
+                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
                 var schema = result.Document.Paths["/person/{id}"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
                 Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.Object, schema.Type);
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(rootPath,
             application/json:
               schema:
                 $ref: 'OAS-schemas.yaml#/person/properties/address'
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
             @"
 person:
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
   properties:
     address:
       type: object
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             try
             {
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
                 };
                 settings.AddYamlReader();
 
-                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings);
+                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
                 var schema = result.Document.Paths["/person/{id}"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
                 var schemaReference = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchemaReference>(schema);
 
@@ -293,10 +293,10 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(externalPath,
         public async Task ParseReferenceToInternalComponentUsingDollarIdWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "internalComponentReferenceUsingId.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "internalComponentReferenceUsingId.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Paths["/person/{id}"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
             // Assert
@@ -338,11 +338,11 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(rootPath,
           properties:
             street:
               type: string
-");
+", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             try
             {
-                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(rootPath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
                 var schema = result.Document.Paths["/person/{id}/address"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
                 Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.Object, schema.Type);
@@ -358,12 +358,12 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(rootPath,
         public async Task ParseLocalReferenceToJsonSchemaResourceWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "localReferenceToJsonSchemaResource.yaml");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "localReferenceToJsonSchemaResource.yaml");
             var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
             var writer = new OpenApiYamlWriter(stringWriter);
 
             // Act
-            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var actual = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var schema = actual.Components.Schemas["a"].Properties["b"].Properties["c"].Properties["b"];
             schema.SerializeAsV32(writer);
 
@@ -452,10 +452,10 @@ public void ResolveSubSchema_ShouldRecurseIntoAllOfComposition()
         public async Task ShouldResolveRelativeSubReference()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "relativeSubschemaReference.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "relativeSubschemaReference.json");
 
             // Act
-            var (actual, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var (actual, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var fooComponentSchema = actual.Components.Schemas["Foo"];
             var seq1Property = fooComponentSchema.Properties["seq1"];
@@ -469,9 +469,9 @@ public async Task ShouldResolveRelativeSubReference()
         public async Task ShouldResolveRelativeSubReferenceUsingParsingContext()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "relativeSubschemaReference.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "relativeSubschemaReference.json");
             using var fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
-            var jsonNode = await JsonNode.ParseAsync(fs);
+            var jsonNode = await JsonNode.ParseAsync(fs, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var schemaJsonNode = jsonNode["components"]?["schemas"]?["Foo"];
             Assert.NotNull(schemaJsonNode);
             var diagnostic = new OpenApiDiagnostic();
@@ -562,10 +562,10 @@ public void ShouldResolveAbsoluteSubReferenceFromTheObjectModel()
         public async Task ShouldResolveRecursiveRelativeSubReference()
         {
             // Arrange
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "recursiveRelativeSubschemaReference.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "recursiveRelativeSubschemaReference.json");
 
             // Act
-            var (actual, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var (actual, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var fooComponentSchema = actual.Components.Schemas["Foo"];
             var fooSchemaParentProperty = fooComponentSchema.Properties["parent"];
@@ -583,9 +583,9 @@ public async Task ShouldResolveRecursiveRelativeSubReference()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ShouldResolveReferencesInSchemasFromSystemTextJson()
         {
-            var filePath = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "STJSchema.json");
+            var filePath = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "STJSchema.json");
             using var fs = File.OpenRead(filePath);
-            var jsonNode = await JsonNode.ParseAsync(fs);
+            var jsonNode = await JsonNode.ParseAsync(fs, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var parsingContext = new ParsingContext(new OpenApiDiagnostic());
             var document = new OpenApiDocument();
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiCallbackTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiCallbackTests.cs
index e7982160c..e040b6ba5 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiCallbackTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiCallbackTests.cs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ public class OpenApiCallbackTests
         public async Task ParseBasicCallbackShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var callback = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiCallback>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicCallback.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var callback = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiCallback>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicCallback.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ public async Task ParseBasicCallbackShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseCallbackWithReferenceShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "callbackWithReference.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "callbackWithReference.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var path = result.Document.Paths.First().Value;
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public async Task ParseCallbackWithReferenceShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseMultipleCallbacksWithReferenceShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "multipleCallbacksWithReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "multipleCallbacksWithReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var path = result.Document.Paths.First().Value;
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
index 5e4a36d91..7ef4ffcfe 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ public class OpenApiDiscriminatorTests
         public async Task ParseBasicDiscriminatorShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicDiscriminator.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicDiscriminator.yaml"));
             // Copy stream to MemoryStream
             using var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
-            await stream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream);
+            await stream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             memoryStream.Position = 0;
 
             // Act
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
index 53e3802ed..9d3d3e535 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ public void ParseInlineStringWithoutProvidingFormatSucceeds()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseBasicDocumentWithMultipleServersShouldSucceed()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicDocumentWithMultipleServers.yaml");
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicDocumentWithMultipleServers.yaml");
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(path, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.Empty(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
             result.Document.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -123,13 +123,13 @@ public async Task ParseBasicDocumentWithMultipleServersShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseBrokenMinimalDocumentShouldYieldExpectedDiagnostic()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "brokenMinimalDocument.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "brokenMinimalDocument.yaml"));
             // Copy stream to MemoryStream
             using var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
-            await stream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream);
+            await stream.CopyToAsync(memoryStream, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             memoryStream.Position = 0;
 
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(memoryStream, settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(memoryStream, settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             result.Document.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
                 new OpenApiDocument
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ public void ParseDocumentWithMalformedReferenceShouldYieldExpectedDiagnostic()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseMinimalDocumentShouldSucceed()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "minimalDocument.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "minimalDocument.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             result.Document.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
                 new OpenApiDocument
@@ -214,8 +214,8 @@ public async Task ParseMinimalDocumentShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseStandardPetStoreDocumentShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "petStore.yaml"));
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "petStore.yaml"));
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var components = new OpenApiComponents
             {
@@ -600,8 +600,8 @@ public async Task ParseStandardPetStoreDocumentShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseModifiedPetStoreDocumentWithTagAndSecurityShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "petStoreWithTagAndSecurity.yaml"));
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "petStoreWithTagAndSecurity.yaml"));
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var components = new OpenApiComponents
             {
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ [new OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference("securitySchemeName2")] =
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParsePetStoreExpandedShouldSucceed()
         {
-            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "petStoreExpanded.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var actual = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "petStoreExpanded.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // TODO: Create the object in memory and compare with the one read from YAML file.
 
@@ -1085,7 +1085,7 @@ public async Task ParsePetStoreExpandedShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public async Task GlobalSecurityRequirementShouldReferenceSecurityScheme()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "securedApi.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "securedApi.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var securityRequirement = result.Document.Security[0];
 
@@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@ public async Task GlobalSecurityRequirementShouldReferenceSecurityScheme()
         [Fact]
         public async Task HeaderParameterShouldAllowExample()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "apiWithFullHeaderComponent.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "apiWithFullHeaderComponent.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var exampleHeader = result.Document.Components?.Headers?["example-header"];
             Assert.NotNull(exampleHeader);
@@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@ public async Task HeaderParameterShouldAllowExample()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithReferencedSecuritySchemeWorks()
         {
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithSecuritySchemeReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithSecuritySchemeReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var securityScheme = result.Document.Components.SecuritySchemes["OAuth2"];
 
             // Assert
@@ -1168,10 +1168,10 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithReferencedSecuritySchemeWorks()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithJsonSchemaReferencesWorks()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithJsonSchema.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithJsonSchema.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var actualSchema = result.Document.Paths["/users/{userId}"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema;
 
@@ -1184,7 +1184,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithJsonSchemaReferencesWorks()
         public async Task ValidateExampleShouldNotHaveDataTypeMismatch()
         {
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithDateExampleInSchema.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "documentWithDateExampleInSchema.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var warnings = result.Diagnostic.Warnings;
@@ -1249,7 +1249,7 @@ public async Task ParsesDoubleHopReferences()
         {
             
             using var stream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(DoubleHopReferenceSerializedDoc));
-            var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream);
+            var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(document);
 
             var petReferenceInResponse = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchemaReference>(document.Paths["/pets"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"].Schema);
@@ -1331,7 +1331,7 @@ public async Task SerializesDoubleHopeReferences()
             using var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
             var writer = new OpenApiJsonWriter(stringWriter);
             document.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var serializedDoc = stringWriter.ToString();
 
@@ -1418,12 +1418,12 @@ public async Task ParseDocWithRefsUsingProxyReferencesSucceeds()
         default: 10
 """;
 
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "minifiedPetStore.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "minifiedPetStore.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var actualParam = doc.Paths["/pets"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Parameters[0];
-            var outputDoc = (await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0)).MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
+            var outputDoc = (await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
             var expectedParam = expected.Paths["/pets"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Parameters[0];
             var expectedParamReference = Assert.IsType<OpenApiParameterReference>(expectedParam);
 
@@ -1513,7 +1513,7 @@ public void ParseBasicDocumentWithServerVariableAndNoDefaultShouldFail()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithEmptyPathsSucceeds()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithEmptyPaths.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithEmptyPaths.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Empty(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
         }
 
@@ -1521,17 +1521,17 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithEmptyPathsSucceeds()
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithExampleReferencesPasses()
         {
             // Act & Assert: Ensure no NullReferenceException is thrown
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "docWithExampleReferences.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "docWithExampleReferences.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Empty(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
         }
 
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseDocumentWithNonStandardMIMETypePasses()
         {
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicDocumentWithMultipleServers.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicDocumentWithMultipleServers.yaml");
             using var stream = Resources.GetStream(path);
             using var streamReader = new StreamReader(stream);
-            var contentAsString = await streamReader.ReadToEndAsync();
+            var contentAsString = await streamReader.ReadToEndAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var mockMessageHandler = new Mock<HttpMessageHandler>();
             mockMessageHandler.Protected()
                 .Setup<Task<HttpResponseMessage>>("SendAsync", ItExpr.IsAny<HttpRequestMessage>(), ItExpr.IsAny<CancellationToken>())
@@ -1545,7 +1545,7 @@ public async Task ParseDocumentWithNonStandardMIMETypePasses()
             };
             settings.AddYamlReader();
             // Act & Assert: Ensure NotSupportedException is not thrown for non-standard MIME type: text/x-yaml
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("https://localhost/doesntmatter/foo.bar", settings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("https://localhost/doesntmatter/foo.bar", settings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document); 
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
index 0c0c4e96f..240a98f3d 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public class OpenApiEncodingTests
         public async Task ParseBasicEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicEncoding.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicEncoding.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ public async Task ParseBasicEncodingShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseAdvancedEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "advancedEncoding.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "advancedEncoding.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public async Task ParseAdvancedEncodingShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseEncodingWithAllowReservedShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithAllowReserved.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var encoding = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiEncoding>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "encodingWithAllowReserved.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
index e888b3d16..b356f45c0 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public class OpenApiExampleTests
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseAdvancedExampleShouldSucceed()
         {
-            var example = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiExample>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "advancedExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var example = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiExample>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "advancedExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var expected = new OpenApiExample
             {
                 Value = new JsonObject
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public async Task ParseAdvancedExampleShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseExampleForcedStringSucceed()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "explicitString.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "explicitString.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Empty(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
         }
 
@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ public async Task ParseExampleWithDataValueExtensionShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange & Act
             var example = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiExample>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithDataValue.yaml"), 
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithDataValue.yaml"), 
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, 
                 new(), 
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(example);
@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ public async Task ParseExampleWithSerializedValueExtensionShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange & Act
             var example = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiExample>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithSerializedValue.yaml"), 
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "exampleWithSerializedValue.yaml"), 
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, 
                 new(), 
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(example);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
index 980e3f1ec..ffc89e34f 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ public class OpenApiHeaderTests
         public async Task ParseBasicHeaderShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicHeader.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicHeader.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ public async Task ParseBasicHeaderShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderWithContentShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithContent.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithContent.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ public async Task ParseHeaderWithContentShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderWithMultipleContentTypesShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithMultipleContentTypes.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithMultipleContentTypes.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ public async Task ParseHeaderWithMultipleContentTypesShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderWithStyleAndContentShouldPreferContent()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithStyleAndContent.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerWithStyleAndContent.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var header = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiHeader>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             // Both content and style can be present, content takes precedence for serialization behavior
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
index 726f47e59..9379c38e8 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public class OpenApiInfoTests
         public async Task ParseAdvancedInfoShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var openApiInfo = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiInfo>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "advancedInfo.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var openApiInfo = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiInfo>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "advancedInfo.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             openApiInfo.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public async Task ParseAdvancedInfoShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseBasicInfoShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var openApiInfo = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiInfo>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicInfo.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var openApiInfo = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiInfo>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicInfo.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -108,10 +108,10 @@ public async Task ParseBasicInfoShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ParseMinimalInfoShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "minimalInfo.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "minimalInfo.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var openApiInfo = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiInfo>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var openApiInfo = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiInfo>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
index be0e5cc95..566f50ee4 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public class OpenApiMediaTypeTests
         public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             mediaType.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithExamplesShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExamples.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithExamples.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             mediaType.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -103,14 +103,14 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithEmptyArrayInExamplesWorks()
 }
 ";
             JsonNode node;
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "examplesWithEmptyArray.json")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "examplesWithEmptyArray.json")))
             {
                 node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
             }
 
             // Act
             var mediaType = OpenApiV3Deserializer.LoadMediaType(node, new(), new ParsingContext(new()));
-            var serialized = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var serialized = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), serialized.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -121,10 +121,10 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithXOaiItemEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiItemEncoding.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiItemEncoding.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(mediaType);
@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ public async Task ParseMediaTypeWithXOaiPrefixEncodingShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
             var mediaType = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiMediaType>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiPrefixEncoding.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "mediaTypeWithXOaiPrefixEncoding.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(mediaType);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiOperationTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiOperationTests.cs
index 7b0844a9b..8756e90f6 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiOperationTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiOperationTests.cs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ public class OpenApiOperationTests
         [Fact]
         public async Task OperationWithSecurityRequirementShouldReferenceSecurityScheme()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "securedOperation.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "securedOperation.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var securityScheme = result.Document.Paths["/"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Security[0].Keys.First();
             Assert.Equivalent(result.Document.Components.SecuritySchemes.First().Value, securityScheme);
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public async Task ParseOperationWithParameterWithNoLocationShouldSucceed()
                 Tags = new HashSet<OpenApiTag> { new() { Name = "user" } }
             };
             // Act
-            var operation = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiOperation>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithParameterWithNoLocation.json"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, openApiDocument, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var operation = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiOperation>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "operationWithParameterWithNoLocation.json"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, openApiDocument, SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var expectedOp = new OpenApiOperation
             {
                 Tags = new HashSet<OpenApiTagReference>()
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiParameterTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiParameterTests.cs
index b3a58e6d0..4eca7dc9e 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiParameterTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiParameterTests.cs
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ public class OpenApiParameterTests
         public async Task ParsePathParameterShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "pathParameter.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "pathParameter.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public async Task ParsePathParameterShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseQueryParameterShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "queryParameter.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "queryParameter.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public async Task ParseQueryParameterShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseQueryParameterWithObjectTypeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "queryParameterWithObjectType.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "queryParameterWithObjectType.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -96,10 +96,10 @@ public async Task ParseQueryParameterWithObjectTypeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseQueryParameterWithObjectTypeAndContentShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "queryParameterWithObjectTypeAndContent.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "queryParameterWithObjectTypeAndContent.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public async Task ParseQueryParameterWithObjectTypeAndContentShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseHeaderParameterShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "headerParameter.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "headerParameter.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ public async Task ParseHeaderParameterShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseParameterWithNullLocationShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNullLocation.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNullLocation.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -189,10 +189,10 @@ public async Task ParseParameterWithNullLocationShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseParameterWithNoLocationShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNoLocation.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithNoLocation.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -213,10 +213,10 @@ public async Task ParseParameterWithNoLocationShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseParameterWithUnknownLocationShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Arrange
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithUnknownLocation.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithUnknownLocation.yaml"));
 
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ public async Task ParseParameterWithUnknownLocationShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseParameterWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithExample.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             parameter.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ public async Task ParseParameterWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseParameterWithExamplesShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithExamples.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var parameter = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiParameter>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithExamples.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             parameter.Should().BeEquivalentTo(
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ public void ParseParameterWithReferenceWorks()
 
             document.Workspace.RegisterComponents(document);
 
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithRef.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "parameterWithRef.yaml"));
             var node = TestHelper.CreateYamlJsonNode(stream);
 
             var expected = document.Components.Parameters["tagsParameter"];
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs
index c91f73df5..a47bcdb6d 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests.cs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public class OpenApiPathItemDeserializerTests
     public async Task ExtraneousOperationsAreParsedAsExtensionsIn30()
     {
         // Arrange & Act
-        var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync($"{SampleFolderPath}pathItemWithQueryAndAdditionalOperations.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+        var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync($"{SampleFolderPath}pathItemWithQueryAndAdditionalOperations.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var pathItem = result.Document.Paths["/pets"];
 
         // Assert
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiResponseTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiResponseTests.cs
index 47d017b4b..e29f7740e 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiResponseTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiResponseTests.cs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ public class OpenApiResponseTests
         [Fact]
         public async Task ResponseWithReferencedHeaderShouldReferenceComponent()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "responseWithHeaderReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "responseWithHeaderReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var response = result.Document.Components.Responses["Test"];
             var expected = response.Headers.First().Value;
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public async Task ResponseWithReferencedHeaderShouldReferenceComponent()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ResponseWithSummaryV32ShouldDeserializeCorrectly()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "responseWithSummary.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "responseWithSummary.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var response = result.Document.Components.Responses["SuccessResponse"] as OpenApiResponse;
             
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public async Task ResponseWithSummaryV32ShouldDeserializeCorrectly()
         [Fact]
         public async Task ResponseWithSummaryExtensionV31ShouldDeserializeCorrectly()
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "responseWithSummaryExtension.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "responseWithSummaryExtension.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var response = result.Document.Components.Responses["SuccessResponse"] as OpenApiResponse;
             
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
index cda5c4c72..85126723b 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 using SharpYaml.Serialization;
 using Xunit;
 
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.V3Tests
 {
     [Collection("DefaultSettings")]
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ public class OpenApiSchemaTests
         [Fact]
         public void ParsePrimitiveSchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "primitiveSchema.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "primitiveSchema.yaml"));
             var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
             yamlStream.Load(new StreamReader(stream));
             var yamlNode = yamlStream.Documents[0].RootNode;
@@ -148,7 +150,7 @@ public void ParseSchemaWithNullableBeforeOrAfterTypePreservesNullFlag(string sch
         [Fact]
         public void ParseDictionarySchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "dictionarySchema.yaml")))
+            using (var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "dictionarySchema.yaml")))
             {
                 var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
                 yamlStream.Load(new StreamReader(stream));
@@ -235,7 +237,7 @@ public void ParseSchemaWithOaiCompatibilityKeywordsShouldSucceed()
         [Fact]
         public void ParseBasicSchemaWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         {
-            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicSchemaWithExample.yaml"));
+            using var stream = Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicSchemaWithExample.yaml"));
             var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
             yamlStream.Load(new StreamReader(stream));
             var yamlNode = yamlStream.Documents[0].RootNode;
@@ -289,7 +291,7 @@ public void ParseBasicSchemaWithExampleShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseBasicSchemaWithReferenceShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicSchemaWithReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicSchemaWithReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var components = result.Document.Components;
@@ -356,7 +358,7 @@ public async Task ParseBasicSchemaWithReferenceShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseAdvancedSchemaWithReferenceShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "advancedSchemaWithReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "advancedSchemaWithReference.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var expectedComponents = new OpenApiComponents
             {
@@ -442,8 +444,8 @@ public async Task ParseAdvancedSchemaWithReferenceShouldSucceed()
             };
 
             // We serialize so that we can get rid of the schema BaseUri properties which show up as diffs
-            var actual = await result.Document.Components.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
-            var expected = await expectedComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await result.Document.Components.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = await expectedComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected, actual);
@@ -453,7 +455,7 @@ public async Task ParseAdvancedSchemaWithReferenceShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseExternalReferenceSchemaShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "externalReferencesSchema.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "externalReferencesSchema.yaml"), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var components = result.Document.Components;
@@ -517,10 +519,10 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaWithNullableShouldSucceed()
             var expected = @"type: string
 nullable: true";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullable.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithNullable.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV3(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
@@ -536,10 +538,10 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaWithOnlyNullableShouldSucceed()
             // Arrange
             var expected = @"{ }";
 
-            var path = Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithOnlyNullable.yaml");
+            var path = Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "schemaWithOnlyNullable.yaml");
 
             // Act
-            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var schema = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSchema>(path, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var writer = new StringWriter();
             schema.SerializeAsV3(new OpenApiYamlWriter(writer));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
index f2591e99a..92aac44ae 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader;
+using Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader.V3;
 using Xunit;
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests.V3Tests
@@ -17,7 +19,7 @@ public class OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests
         public async Task ParseHttpSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "httpSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "httpSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ public async Task ParseHttpSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseApiKeySecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "apiKeySecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "apiKeySecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ public async Task ParseApiKeySecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseBearerSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "bearerSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "bearerSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ public async Task ParseBearerSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         public async Task ParseOpenIdConnectSecuritySchemeShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "openIdConnectSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "openIdConnectSecurityScheme.yaml"), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equivalent(
@@ -107,10 +109,10 @@ public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceAuthorizationUrlShouldSucce
         {
             // Act
             var securityScheme = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(
-                Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceUrl.yaml"),
+                Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "oauth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceUrl.yaml"),
                 OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0,
                 new(),
-                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+                SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(securityScheme);
@@ -122,5 +124,31 @@ public async Task ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeWithDeviceAuthorizationUrlShouldSucce
             Assert.NotNull(securityScheme.Flows.AuthorizationCode.Scopes);
             Assert.Equal(2, securityScheme.Flows.AuthorizationCode.Scopes.Count);
         }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ParseOAuth2SecuritySchemeWithMetadataUrlExtensionShouldSucceed()
+        {
+            var json =
+                """
+                {
+                  "type": "oauth2",
+                  "x-oai-oauth2-metadata-url": "https://idp.example.com/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server",
+                  "flows": {
+                    "clientCredentials": {
+                      "tokenUrl": "https://idp.example.com/oauth/token",
+                      "scopes": {
+                        "scope:one": "Scope one"
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+                """;
+
+            var securityScheme = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSecurityScheme>(
+                OpenApiV3Deserializer.LoadSecurityScheme(JsonNode.Parse(json)!, new(), new ParsingContext(new())));
+
+            Assert.Equal(new Uri("https://idp.example.com/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server"), securityScheme.OAuth2MetadataUrl);
+            Assert.True(securityScheme.Extensions is null || !securityScheme.Extensions.ContainsKey(OpenApiConstants.OAuth2MetadataUrlExtension));
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiXmlTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiXmlTests.cs
index 0c9c78e6b..61f916cf4 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiXmlTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/V3Tests/OpenApiXmlTests.cs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public class OpenApiXmlTests
         public async Task ParseBasicXmlShouldSucceed()
         {
             // Act
-            var xml = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiXml>(Resources.GetStream(Path.Combine(SampleFolderPath, "basicXml.yaml")), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
+            var xml = await OpenApiModelFactory.LoadAsync<OpenApiXml>(Resources.GetStream(Path.Join(SampleFolderPath, "basicXml.yaml")), OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new(), settings: SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
 #pragma warning disable CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterGlobalSettingsCollection.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterGlobalSettingsCollection.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8c1c979f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterGlobalSettingsCollection.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests;
+
+[CollectionDefinition(Name, DisableParallelization = true)]
+public sealed class YamlConverterGlobalSettingsCollection
+{
+    public const string Name = "YamlConverterGlobalSettings";
+}
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterGlobalSettingsTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterGlobalSettingsTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6e423cd85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterGlobalSettingsTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+using System;
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
+using Microsoft.OpenApi.YamlReader;
+using SharpYaml.Serialization;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests;
+
+[Collection(YamlConverterGlobalSettingsCollection.Name)]
+public class YamlConverterGlobalSettingsTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public void ConversionLimitsDefaultToDocumentedValues()
+    {
+        Assert.Equal(64u, YamlConverter.DefaultMaxDepth);
+        Assert.Equal(5_000_000u, YamlConverter.DefaultMaxNodeCount);
+        Assert.Equal(5_000u, YamlConverter.DefaultMaxAliasExpansionNodeCount);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxDepth, YamlConverter.MaxDepth);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxNodeCount, YamlConverter.MaxNodeCount);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxAliasExpansionNodeCount, YamlConverter.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void SettingMaxDepthToZeroThrows()
+    {
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(() => YamlConverter.MaxDepth = 0);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxDepth, YamlConverter.MaxDepth);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void SettingMaxNodeCountToZeroThrows()
+    {
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(() => YamlConverter.MaxNodeCount = 0);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxNodeCount, YamlConverter.MaxNodeCount);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void SettingMaxAliasExpansionNodeCountToZeroThrows()
+    {
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(() => YamlConverter.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount = 0);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxAliasExpansionNodeCount, YamlConverter.MaxAliasExpansionNodeCount);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void SettingMaxDepthAboveSafeCeilingThrows()
+    {
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(() => YamlConverter.MaxDepth = YamlConverter.MaximumAllowedDepth + 1);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxDepth, YamlConverter.MaxDepth);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void SettingMaxNodeCountAboveSafeCeilingThrows()
+    {
+        Assert.Throws<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(() => YamlConverter.MaxNodeCount = YamlConverter.MaximumAllowedNodeCount + 1);
+        Assert.Equal(YamlConverter.DefaultMaxNodeCount, YamlConverter.MaxNodeCount);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void RaisingMaxDepthAllowsDocumentsDeeperThanTheDefault()
+    {
+        const int depth = 70;
+        YamlNode deeplyNested = new YamlScalarNode("value");
+        for (var index = 0; index < depth; index++)
+        {
+            deeplyNested = new YamlSequenceNode(deeplyNested);
+        }
+
+        try
+        {
+            YamlConverter.MaxDepth = depth + 10;
+
+            var jsonNode = deeplyNested.ToJsonNode();
+
+            Assert.IsType<JsonArray>(jsonNode);
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            YamlConverter.MaxDepth = YamlConverter.DefaultMaxDepth;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterTests.cs
index c246e0898..ce8393696 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Readers.Tests/YamlConverterTests.cs
@@ -333,6 +333,101 @@ public void RoundTripEmptyStringsValues()
         Assert.Equal(yamlInput.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), convertedBackOutput.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public void ExponentialAliasExpansionIsRejected()
+    {
+        // A "billion laughs" YAML bomb: each level references the previous one multiple times,
+        // so materializing the shared node graph into an independent JSON tree expands
+        // exponentially. The conversion must fail fast instead of exhausting memory.
+        var yamlBomb =
+        """
+        a: &a ["x","x","x","x","x","x","x","x","x"]
+        b: &b [*a,*a,*a,*a,*a,*a,*a,*a,*a]
+        c: &c [*b,*b,*b,*b,*b,*b,*b,*b,*b]
+        d: &d [*c,*c,*c,*c,*c,*c,*c,*c,*c]
+        e: &e [*d,*d,*d,*d,*d,*d,*d,*d,*d]
+        f: &f [*e,*e,*e,*e,*e,*e,*e,*e,*e]
+        g: &g [*f,*f,*f,*f,*f,*f,*f,*f,*f]
+        h: &h [*g,*g,*g,*g,*g,*g,*g,*g,*g]
+        i: &i [*h,*h,*h,*h,*h,*h,*h,*h,*h]
+        """;
+
+        Assert.Throws<OpenApiReaderException>(() => ConvertYamlStringToJsonNode(yamlBomb));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ExcessiveNestingDepthIsRejected()
+    {
+        // Deeper than the conversion depth limit (mirrors the System.Text.Json default of 64),
+        // which protects the recursive converter from stack exhaustion.
+        const int depth = 70;
+        var deeplyNested = new string('[', depth) + new string(']', depth);
+
+        Assert.Throws<YamlException>(() => ConvertYamlStringToJsonNode(deeplyNested));
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void LegitimateAliasesStillConvert()
+    {
+        var yamlInput =
+        """
+        a: &val hello
+        b: *val
+        """;
+
+        var jsonNode = Assert.IsType<JsonObject>(ConvertYamlStringToJsonNode(yamlInput));
+
+        Assert.Equal("hello", jsonNode["a"]?.GetValue<string>());
+        Assert.Equal("hello", jsonNode["b"]?.GetValue<string>());
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void CyclicYamlNodeGraphIsRejected()
+    {
+        var sequence = new YamlSequenceNode();
+        sequence.Add(sequence);
+
+        Assert.Throws<OpenApiReaderException>(() => sequence.ToJsonNode());
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void ComplexMappingKeyIsRejectedAsReaderException()
+    {
+        var mapping = new YamlMappingNode
+        {
+            { new YamlSequenceNode(new YamlScalarNode("key")), new YamlScalarNode("value") }
+        };
+
+        Assert.Throws<OpenApiReaderException>(() => mapping.ToJsonNode());
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void SharedSubtreeGraftedTooDeepIsRejected()
+    {
+        // The converter memoizes each YamlNode it has already materialized, then deep-clones the
+        // result when the same instance reappears. The shared subtree clears the depth check where
+        // it is first seen, so without charging its height at the reuse site it can be replayed
+        // from a deeper position to build a tree past the limit.
+        YamlNode shared = new YamlScalarNode("value");
+        for (var index = 0; index < 40; index++)
+        {
+            shared = new YamlSequenceNode(shared);
+        }
+
+        var grafted = shared;
+        for (var index = 0; index < 30; index++)
+        {
+            grafted = new YamlSequenceNode(grafted);
+        }
+
+        // The shallow element is converted first and memoizes the shared subtree; the deep element
+        // then reuses it 31 levels down, which would materialize 72 levels against a limit of 64.
+        var root = new YamlSequenceNode(shared, grafted);
+
+        var exception = Assert.Throws<OpenApiReaderException>(() => root.ToJsonNode());
+        Assert.Contains("expands an alias", exception.Message, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+    }
+
     private static JsonNode ConvertYamlStringToJsonNode(string yamlInput)
     {
         var yamlDocument = new YamlStream();
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Extensions/OpenApiSerializableExtensionsTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Extensions/OpenApiSerializableExtensionsTests.cs
index a1e323ebf..470fb022b 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Extensions/OpenApiSerializableExtensionsTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Extensions/OpenApiSerializableExtensionsTests.cs
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ public async Task UsesTheTerseOutputInformationFromSettingsTrue()
         };
 
         using var stream = new MemoryStream();
-        await parameter.SerializeAsync(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, OpenApiConstants.Json, settings);
+        await parameter.SerializeAsync(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, OpenApiConstants.Json, settings, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         stream.Position = 0;
         using var reader = new StreamReader(stream);
-        var output = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
+        var output = await reader.ReadToEndAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         Assert.Equal("{\"name\":\"param1\",\"in\":\"query\",\"description\":\"A sample parameter\",\"schema\":{\"type\":\"string\"}}", output);
     }
@@ -57,11 +57,11 @@ public async Task UsesTheTerseOutputInformationFromSettingsFalse()
         };
 
         using var stream = new MemoryStream();
-        await parameter.SerializeAsync(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, OpenApiConstants.Json, settings);
+        await parameter.SerializeAsync(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, OpenApiConstants.Json, settings, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         stream.Position = 0;
         using var reader = new StreamReader(stream);
-        var output = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
+        var output = await reader.ReadToEndAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         Assert.Equal("{\n  \"name\": \"param1\",\n  \"in\": \"query\",\n  \"description\": \"A sample parameter\",\n  \"schema\": {\n    \"type\": \"string\"\n  }\n}", output);
     }
@@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ public async Task UsesTheTerseOutputInformationFromSettingsNoSettings()
         };
 
         using var stream = new MemoryStream();
-        await parameter.SerializeAsync(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, OpenApiConstants.Json, null);
+        await parameter.SerializeAsync(stream, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, OpenApiConstants.Json, null, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         stream.Position = 0;
         using var reader = new StreamReader(stream);
-        var output = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
+        var output = await reader.ReadToEndAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         Assert.Equal("{\n  \"name\": \"param1\",\n  \"in\": \"query\",\n  \"description\": \"A sample parameter\",\n  \"schema\": {\n    \"type\": \"string\"\n  }\n}", output);
     }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests.csproj b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests.csproj
index 58bd19afc..5aaf67a6d 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests.csproj
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests.csproj
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
     <PackageReference Include="FluentAssertions" Version="7.2.2" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="18.8.1" />
     <PackageReference Include="Moq" Version="4.20.72" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Verify.Xunit" Version="31.12.5" />
-    <PackageReference Include="xunit" Version="2.9.3" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Verify.XunitV3" Version="31.28.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="xunit.v3" Version="3.2.2" />
     <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio" Version="3.1.5" PrivateAssets="all" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiCallbackTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiCallbackTests.cs
index 952185498..7d4181147 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiCallbackTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiCallbackTests.cs
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedCallbackAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseO
 
             // Act
             AdvancedCallback.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedCallbackAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTers
 
             // Act
             CallbackProxy.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedCallbackAsV3JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync(
 
             // Act
             ReferencedCallback.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiComponentsMediaTypesTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiComponentsMediaTypesTests.cs
index fba65ccf7..a137d86bd 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiComponentsMediaTypesTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiComponentsMediaTypesTests.cs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypesAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ComponentsWithMediaTypes.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await ComponentsWithMediaTypes.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypesAsV31JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ComponentsWithMediaTypes.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await ComponentsWithMediaTypes.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypesAsV30JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ComponentsWithMediaTypes.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await ComponentsWithMediaTypes.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiComponentsTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiComponentsTests.cs
index 3427605fb..4d03aa04b 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiComponentsTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiComponentsTests.cs
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicComponentsAsJsonWorks()
             var expected = @"{ }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicComponents.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BasicComponents.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicComponentsAsYamlWorks()
             var expected = @"{ }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BasicComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedComponentsAsJsonV3Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedComponents.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedComponents.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedComponentsWithReferenceAsJsonV3Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedComponentsWithReference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedComponentsWithReference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedComponentsAsYamlV3Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedComponentsWithReferenceAsYamlV3Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedComponentsWithReference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedComponentsWithReference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBrokenComponentsAsJsonV3Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BrokenComponents.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BrokenComponents.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBrokenComponentsAsYamlV3Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BrokenComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BrokenComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTopLevelReferencingComponentsAsYamlV3Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await TopLevelReferencingComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await TopLevelReferencingComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTopLevelSelfReferencingWithOtherPropertiesComponentsA
         type: string";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await TopLevelSelfReferencingComponentsWithOtherProperties.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await TopLevelSelfReferencingComponentsWithOtherProperties.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ public async Task SerializeComponentsWithPathItemsAsJsonWorks()
   }
 }";
             // Act
-            var actual = await ComponentsWithPathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await ComponentsWithPathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ public async Task SerializeComponentsWithPathItemsAsYamlWorks()
         type: integer";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ComponentsWithPathItem.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await ComponentsWithPathItem.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiContactTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiContactTests.cs
index f699b2f40..81050fcb4 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiContactTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiContactTests.cs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicContactWorks(
             string expected)
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            var actual = await BasicContact.SerializeAsync(version, format);
+            var actual = await BasicContact.SerializeAsync(version, format, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceContactAsJsonWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceContact.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await AdvanceContact.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceContactAsYamlWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceContact.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version);
+            var actual = await AdvanceContact.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
index 495a0729e..256a780c4 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDiscriminatorTests.cs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDefaultMappingAsReferenceString(OpenApiSpecVersion sp
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = JsonNode.Parse(await discriminator.SerializeAsJsonAsync(specVersion));
+            var actual = JsonNode.Parse(await discriminator.SerializeAsJsonAsync(specVersion, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(actual);
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMappingValuesAsReferenceStrings(OpenApiSpecVersion sp
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = JsonNode.Parse(await discriminator.SerializeAsJsonAsync(specVersion));
+            var actual = JsonNode.Parse(await discriminator.SerializeAsJsonAsync(specVersion, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotNull(actual);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDocumentTests.SerializeDuplicateExtensionsAsV3JsonWorksAsync_produceTerseOutput=True.verified.txt b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDocumentTests.SerializeDuplicateExtensionsAsV3JsonWorksAsync_produceTerseOutput=True.verified.txt
index b87f4acf5..479557a10 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDocumentTests.SerializeDuplicateExtensionsAsV3JsonWorksAsync_produceTerseOutput=True.verified.txt
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDocumentTests.SerializeDuplicateExtensionsAsV3JsonWorksAsync_produceTerseOutput=True.verified.txt
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"openapi":"3.0.4","info":{"title":"Swagger Petstore (Simple)","description":"A sample API that uses a petstore as an example to demonstrate features in the swagger-2.0 specification","version":"1.0.0"},"servers":[{"url":"http://petstore.swagger.io/api"}],"paths":{"/add/{operand1}/{operand2}":{"get":{"operationId":"addByOperand1AndByOperand2","parameters":[{"name":"operand1","in":"path","description":"The first operand","required":true,"schema":{"type":"integer","my-extension":4},"my-extension":4},{"name":"operand2","in":"path","description":"The second operand","required":true,"schema":{"type":"integer","my-extension":4},"my-extension":4}],"responses":{"200":{"description":"pet response","content":{"application/json":{"schema":{"type":"array","items":{"required":["id","name"],"type":"object","properties":{"id":{"type":"integer","format":"int64"},"name":{"type":"string"},"tag":{"type":"string"}}}}}}}}}}},"components":{"schemas":{"pet":{"required":["id","name"],"type":"object","properties":{"id":{"type":"integer","format":"int64"},"name":{"type":"string"},"tag":{"type":"string"}}},"newPet":{"required":["name"],"type":"object","properties":{"id":{"type":"integer","format":"int64"},"name":{"type":"string"},"tag":{"type":"string"}}},"errorModel":{"required":["code","message"],"type":"object","properties":{"code":{"type":"integer","format":"int32"},"message":{"type":"string"}}}}}}
+{"openapi":"3.0.4","info":{"title":"Swagger Petstore (Simple)","description":"A sample API that uses a petstore as an example to demonstrate features in the swagger-2.0 specification","version":"1.0.0"},"servers":[{"url":"http://petstore.swagger.io/api"}],"paths":{"/add/{operand1}/{operand2}":{"get":{"operationId":"addByOperand1AndByOperand2","parameters":[{"name":"operand1","in":"path","description":"The first operand","required":true,"schema":{"type":"integer","my-extension":4},"my-extension":4},{"name":"operand2","in":"path","description":"The second operand","required":true,"schema":{"type":"integer","my-extension":4},"my-extension":4}],"responses":{"200":{"description":"pet response","content":{"application/json":{"schema":{"type":"array","items":{"required":["id","name"],"type":"object","properties":{"id":{"type":"integer","format":"int64"},"name":{"type":"string"},"tag":{"type":"string"}}}}}}}}}}},"components":{"schemas":{"pet":{"required":["id","name"],"type":"object","properties":{"id":{"type":"integer","format":"int64"},"name":{"type":"string"},"tag":{"type":"string"}}},"newPet":{"required":["name"],"type":"object","properties":{"id":{"type":"integer","format":"int64"},"name":{"type":"string"},"tag":{"type":"string"}}},"errorModel":{"required":["code","message"],"type":"object","properties":{"code":{"type":"integer","format":"int32"},"message":{"type":"string"}}}}}}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
index f7095bd31..3e543cc70 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiDocumentTests.cs
@@ -1334,7 +1334,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedDocumentAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseO
 
             // Act
             AdvancedDocument.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -1351,7 +1351,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedDocumentWithReferenceAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool
 
             // Act
             AdvancedDocumentWithReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -1368,7 +1368,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedDocumentWithServerVariableAsV2JsonWorksAsync(
 
             // Act
             AdvancedDocumentWithServerVariable.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -1385,7 +1385,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedDocumentAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseO
 
             // Act
             AdvancedDocument.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -1402,7 +1402,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDuplicateExtensionsAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTer
 
             // Act
             DuplicateExtensions.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -1419,7 +1419,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDuplicateExtensionsAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTer
 
             // Act
             DuplicateExtensions.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -1436,7 +1436,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedDocumentWithReferenceAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool
 
             // Act
             AdvancedDocumentWithReference.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -1460,7 +1460,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSimpleDocumentWithTopLevelReferencingComponentsAsYaml
         type: string";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await SimpleDocumentWithTopLevelReferencingComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await SimpleDocumentWithTopLevelReferencingComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -1479,7 +1479,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSimpleDocumentWithTopLevelSelfReferencingComponentsAs
   schema1: { }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await SimpleDocumentWithTopLevelSelfReferencingComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await SimpleDocumentWithTopLevelSelfReferencingComponents.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -1507,7 +1507,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSimpleDocumentWithTopLevelSelfReferencingWithOtherPro
         type: string";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await SimpleDocumentWithTopLevelSelfReferencingComponentsWithOtherProperties.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await SimpleDocumentWithTopLevelSelfReferencingComponentsWithOtherProperties.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocumentWithReferenceButNoComponents()
             ((OpenApiMediaType)document.Paths["/"].Operations[HttpMethod.Get].Responses["200"].Content["application/json"]).Schema = new OpenApiSchemaReference("test", document);
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await document.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, OpenApiConstants.Json);
+            var actual = await document.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, OpenApiConstants.Json, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.NotEmpty(actual);
@@ -1581,7 +1581,7 @@ public async Task SerializeRelativePathAsV2JsonWorks()
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -1611,7 +1611,7 @@ public async Task SerializeRelativePathWithHostAsV2JsonWorks()
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -1640,7 +1640,7 @@ public async Task SerializeRelativeRootPathWithHostAsV2JsonWorks()
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -1653,18 +1653,18 @@ public async Task TestHashCodesForSimilarOpenApiDocuments()
             // Arrange
             var sampleFolderPath = "Models/Samples/";
 
-            var doc1 = await ParseInputFileAsync(Path.Combine(sampleFolderPath, "sampleDocument.yaml"));
-            var doc2 = await ParseInputFileAsync(Path.Combine(sampleFolderPath, "sampleDocument.yaml"));
-            var doc3 = await ParseInputFileAsync(Path.Combine(sampleFolderPath, "sampleDocumentWithWhiteSpaces.yaml"));
+            var doc1 = await ParseInputFileAsync(Path.Join(sampleFolderPath, "sampleDocument.yaml"));
+            var doc2 = await ParseInputFileAsync(Path.Join(sampleFolderPath, "sampleDocument.yaml"));
+            var doc3 = await ParseInputFileAsync(Path.Join(sampleFolderPath, "sampleDocumentWithWhiteSpaces.yaml"));
 
             // Act && Assert
             /*
                 Test whether reading in two similar documents yield the same hash code,
                 And reading in similar documents(one has a whitespace) yields the same hash code as the result is terse
             */
-            var doc1HashCode = await doc1.GetHashCodeAsync();
-            var doc2HashCode = await doc2.GetHashCodeAsync();
-            var doc3HashCode = await doc3.GetHashCodeAsync();
+            var doc1HashCode = await doc1.GetHashCodeAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var doc2HashCode = await doc2.GetHashCodeAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var doc3HashCode = await doc3.GetHashCodeAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.NotNull(doc1HashCode);
             Assert.NotNull(doc2HashCode);
             Assert.NotNull(doc3HashCode);
@@ -1725,7 +1725,7 @@ public async Task SerializeV2DocumentWithNonArraySchemaTypeDoesNotWriteOutCollec
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -1813,7 +1813,7 @@ public async Task SerializeV2DocumentWithStyleAsNullDoesNotWriteOutStyleValue()
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -1885,7 +1885,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocumentWithWebhooksAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOu
 
             // Act
             DocumentWithWebhooks.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -1929,7 +1929,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocumentWithWebhooksAsV3YamlWorks()
           description: Return a 200 status to indicate that the data was received successfully";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await DocumentWithWebhooks.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await DocumentWithWebhooks.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -1959,7 +1959,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocumentWithRootJsonSchemaDialectPropertyWorks()
 paths: { }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -1980,7 +1980,7 @@ public async Task SerializeV31DocumentWithRefsInWebhooksWorks()
           items:
             type: object";
 
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithReusableWebhooks.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithReusableWebhooks.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
           
             var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
             var writer = new OpenApiYamlWriter(stringWriter, new OpenApiWriterSettings { InlineLocalReferences = true });
@@ -2034,8 +2034,8 @@ public async Task SerializeDocWithDollarIdInDollarRefSucceeds()
         radius:
           type: number
 ";
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithDollarId.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithDollarId.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
         }
 
@@ -2089,7 +2089,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocumentTagsWithMultipleExtensionsWorks()
                 }
             };
 
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
         }
         [Fact]
@@ -2236,7 +2236,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedDocumentAsVersionJsonWorksAsync(OpenApiSpecVe
 
             // Act
             AdvancedDocument.SerializeAs(version, writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(version);
@@ -2294,7 +2294,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocWithSecuritySchemeWithInlineReferencesWorks()
           scopes:
             api://a2a7226d-e8d1-4ded-8c53-dd4c136ff456/repairs_read: Read repair records";
 
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithSecurityScheme.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithSecurityScheme.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
             doc.SerializeAsV3(new OpenApiYamlWriter(stringWriter, new OpenApiWriterSettings { InlineLocalReferences = true }));
             var actual = stringWriter.ToString();
@@ -2326,7 +2326,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocWithoutOperationSecurityWorks()
                                            type: object
                            """;
 
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithoutOperationSecurity.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithoutOperationSecurity.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
             doc!.SerializeAsV3(new OpenApiYamlWriter(stringWriter, new OpenApiWriterSettings { InlineLocalReferences = true }));
             var actual = stringWriter.ToString();
@@ -2361,7 +2361,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocWithEmptyOperationSecurityWorks()
                                  security: [ ]
                            """;
 
-            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithEmptyOperationSecurity.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings)).Document;
+            var doc = (await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync("Models/Samples/docWithEmptyOperationSecurity.yaml", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken)).Document;
             var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
             doc!.SerializeAsV3(new OpenApiYamlWriter(stringWriter, new OpenApiWriterSettings { InlineLocalReferences = true }));
             var actual = stringWriter.ToString();
@@ -2393,7 +2393,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocumentWithSelfPropertyAsV32Works()
 paths: { }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -2441,7 +2441,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocumentWithSecurityRequirementAsJsonWorks(OpenApiSpe
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsJsonAsync(openApiSpecVersion);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsJsonAsync(openApiSpecVersion, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var actualSecurity = JsonNode.Parse(actual)?["security"];
@@ -2471,7 +2471,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocumentWithSelfPropertyAsV31WritesAsExtension()
 x-oai-$self: https://example.org/api/openapi.json";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -2499,7 +2499,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDocumentWithSelfPropertyAsV30WritesAsExtension()
 x-oai-$self: https://example.org/api/openapi.json";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await doc.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
index a1280d48e..819f98cc3 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiEncodingTests.cs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public class OpenApiEncodingTests
         public async Task SerializeBasicEncodingAsV3Works(string format, string expected)
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            var actual = await BasicEncoding.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, format);
+            var actual = await BasicEncoding.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, format, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceEncodingAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvanceEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceEncodingAsV3YamlWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceEncoding.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvanceEncoding.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public async Task WhenExplodeIsSetOutputShouldHaveExplode(bool? expectedExplode,
             }
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await parameter.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await parameter.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ public async Task SerializeEncodingWithNestedEncodingAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await encoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await encoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ public async Task SerializeEncodingWithNestedEncodingAsV32YamlWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await encoding.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await encoding.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ public async Task SerializeEncodingWithItemAndPrefixEncodingAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await encoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await encoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ public async Task SerializeEncodingAsV31ShouldUseExtensionsForNewFields()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await encoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await encoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiExampleTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
index e9f5e3d62..ecd87836b 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiExampleTests.cs
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedExampleAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOu
 
             // Act
             AdvancedExample.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedExampleAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerse
 
             // Act
             OpenApiExampleReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedExampleAsV3JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync(b
 
             // Act
             ReferencedExample.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExampleWithDataValueAsV32JsonWorksAsync(bool produceT
 
             // Act
             example.SerializeAsV32(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExampleWithDataValueAsV31JsonWorksAsync(bool produceT
 
             // Act
             example.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExampleWithSerializedValueAsV32JsonWorksAsync(bool pr
 
             // Act
             example.SerializeAsV32(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExampleWithSerializedValueAsV31JsonWorksAsync(bool pr
 
             // Act
             example.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiExternalDocsTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiExternalDocsTests.cs
index 9a290d425..95bcde5d1 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiExternalDocsTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiExternalDocsTests.cs
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public class OpenApiExternalDocsTests
         public async Task SerializeBasicExternalDocsAsV3Works(string format, string expected)
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            var actual = await BasicExDocs.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, format);
+            var actual = await BasicExDocs.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, format, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceExDocsAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceExDocs.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvanceExDocs.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceExDocsAsV3YamlWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceExDocs.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvanceExDocs.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
index 0f57503b3..a42fd1fb6 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiHeaderTests.cs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedHeaderAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOut
 
             // Act
             AdvancedHeader.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedHeaderAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseO
 
             // Act
             OpenApiHeaderReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedHeaderAsV3JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync(bo
 
             // Act
             ReferencedHeader.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedHeaderAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOut
 
             // Act
             AdvancedHeader.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedHeaderAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseO
 
             // Act
             OpenApiHeaderReference.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedHeaderAsV2JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync(bo
 
             // Act
             ReferencedHeader.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiInfoTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
index 57c3e1c7e..eaded3a3f 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiInfoTests.cs
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public static IEnumerable<object[]> BasicInfoJsonExpected()
         public async Task SerializeBasicInfoAsJsonWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version, string expected)
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            var actual = await BasicInfo.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await BasicInfo.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public static IEnumerable<object[]> BasicInfoYamlExpected()
         public async Task SerializeBasicInfoAsYamlWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version, string expected)
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            var actual = await BasicInfo.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version);
+            var actual = await BasicInfo.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ public static IEnumerable<object[]> AdvanceInfoJsonExpect()
         public async Task SerializeAdvanceInfoAsJsonWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version, string expected)
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceInfo.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await AdvanceInfo.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ public static IEnumerable<object[]> AdvanceInfoYamlExpect()
         public async Task SerializeAdvanceInfoAsYamlWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version, string expected)
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceInfo.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version);
+            var actual = await AdvanceInfo.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ public async Task InfoVersionShouldAcceptDateStyledAsVersions()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await info.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, OpenApiConstants.Yaml);
+            var actual = await info.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, OpenApiConstants.Yaml, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ public async Task SerializeInfoObjectWithSummaryAsV31YamlWorks()
 summary: This is a sample server for a pet store.";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await InfoWithSummary.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await InfoWithSummary.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ public async Task SerializeInfoObjectWithSummaryAsV31JsonWorks()
 }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await InfoWithSummary.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await InfoWithSummary.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs
index 58cdae2ce..0f9a99c18 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiLicenseTests.cs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicLicenseAsJsonWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicLicense.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await BasicLicense.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicLicenseAsYamlWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
             var expected = "name: Apache 2.0";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicLicense.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version);
+            var actual = await BasicLicense.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceLicenseAsJsonWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceLicense.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await AdvanceLicense.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceLicenseAsYamlWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceLicense.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version);
+            var actual = await AdvanceLicense.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -142,7 +142,26 @@ public async Task SerializeLicenseWithIdentifierAsJsonWorks()
 }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await LicenseWithIdentifier.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await LicenseWithIdentifier.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0)]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0)]
+        public async Task SerializeLicenseWithIdentifierAsJsonWorksForV3AndV2(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var expected =
+                @"{
+  ""name"": ""Apache 2.0"",
+  ""x-oai-license-identifier"": ""Apache-2.0""
+}";
+
+            // Act
+            var actual = await LicenseWithIdentifier.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -156,7 +175,23 @@ public async Task SerializeLicenseWithIdentifierAsYamlWorks()
 identifier: Apache-2.0";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await LicenseWithIdentifier.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await LicenseWithIdentifier.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0)]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0)]
+        public async Task SerializeLicenseWithIdentifierAsYamlWorksForV3AndV2(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var expected = @"name: Apache 2.0
+x-oai-license-identifier: Apache-2.0";
+
+            // Act
+            var actual = await LicenseWithIdentifier.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiLinkTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiLinkTests.cs
index f67e82356..bf5e49b2e 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiLinkTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiLinkTests.cs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedLinkAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOutpu
 
             // Act
             AdvancedLink.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedLinkAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOut
 
             // Act
             LinkReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedLinkAsV3JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync(bool
 
             // Act
             ReferencedLink.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
index 6ad046fcd..23d0b8fbb 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiMediaTypeTests.cs
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Xunit;
-using Xunit.Abstractions;
 
 namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests.Models
 {
@@ -151,7 +150,7 @@ public OpenApiMediaTypeTests(ITestOutputHelper output)
         public async Task SerializeBasicMediaTypeAsV3Works(string format, string expected)
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            var actual = await BasicMediaType.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, format);
+            var actual = await BasicMediaType.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, format, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceMediaTypeAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceMediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvanceMediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -201,7 +200,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvanceMediaTypeAsV3YamlWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvanceMediaType.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvanceMediaType.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -236,7 +235,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithObjectExampleAsV3YamlWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithObjectExample.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithObjectExample.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -287,7 +286,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithObjectExampleAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithObjectExample.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithObjectExample.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -309,7 +308,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithXmlExampleAsV3YamlWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithXmlExample.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithXmlExample.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -337,7 +336,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithXmlExampleAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithXmlExample.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithXmlExample.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -372,7 +371,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithObjectExamplesAsV3YamlWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithObjectExamples.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithObjectExamples.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             _output.WriteLine(actual);
 
             // Assert
@@ -428,7 +427,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithObjectExamplesAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithObjectExamples.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithObjectExamples.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             _output.WriteLine(actual);
 
             // Assert
@@ -485,7 +484,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithItemSchemaAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -522,7 +521,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithItemSchemaAsV31JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -559,7 +558,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithItemSchemaAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await mediaType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -603,7 +602,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithItemEncodingAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithItemEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithItemEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -626,7 +625,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithItemEncodingAsV31JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithItemEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithItemEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -655,7 +654,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithPrefixEncodingAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithPrefixEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithPrefixEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -684,7 +683,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeWithPrefixEncodingAsV31JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await MediaTypeWithPrefixEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await MediaTypeWithPrefixEncoding.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOAuthFlowTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOAuthFlowTests.cs
index 73cb64e95..86c1a7cfb 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOAuthFlowTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOAuthFlowTests.cs
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicOAuthFlowAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicOAuthFlow.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BasicOAuthFlow.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicOAuthFlowAsV3YamlWorks()
                 @"scopes: { }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicOAuthFlow.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BasicOAuthFlow.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public async Task SerializePartialOAuthFlowAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await PartialOAuthFlow.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await PartialOAuthFlow.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public async Task SerializeCompleteOAuthFlowAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await CompleteOAuthFlow.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await CompleteOAuthFlow.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthFlowWithDeviceAuthorizationUrlAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuthFlowWithDeviceAuthorizationUrl.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await OAuthFlowWithDeviceAuthorizationUrl.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthFlowWithDeviceAuthorizationUrlAsV31JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuthFlowWithDeviceAuthorizationUrl.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await OAuthFlowWithDeviceAuthorizationUrl.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthFlowWithDeviceAuthorizationUrlAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuthFlowWithDeviceAuthorizationUrl.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await OAuthFlowWithDeviceAuthorizationUrl.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOAuthFlowsTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOAuthFlowsTests.cs
index cba2e1c93..550c7d7d5 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOAuthFlowsTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOAuthFlowsTests.cs
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicOAuthFlowsAsV3JsonWorks()
                 @"{ }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicOAuthFlows.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BasicOAuthFlows.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicOAuthFlowsAsV3YamlWorks()
                 @"{ }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicOAuthFlows.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BasicOAuthFlows.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthFlowsWithSingleFlowAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithSingleFlow.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithSingleFlow.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthFlowsWithMultipleFlowsAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithMultipleFlows.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithMultipleFlows.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthFlowsWithDeviceAuthorizationAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithDeviceAuthorization.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithDeviceAuthorization.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthFlowsWithDeviceAuthorizationAsV31JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithDeviceAuthorization.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithDeviceAuthorization.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthFlowsWithDeviceAuthorizationAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithDeviceAuthorization.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await OAuthFlowsWithDeviceAuthorization.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOperationTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOperationTests.cs
index b82a51e75..4dab19e76 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOperationTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiOperationTests.cs
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicOperationAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await _basicOperation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await _basicOperation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOperationWithBodyAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await _operationWithBody.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await _operationWithBody.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedOperationWithTagAndSecurityAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await _advancedOperationWithTagsAndSecurity.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await _advancedOperationWithTagsAndSecurity.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicOperationAsV2JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await _basicOperation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await _basicOperation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOperationWithFormDataAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await _operationWithFormData.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await _operationWithFormData.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -596,7 +596,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOperationWithFormDataAsV2JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await _operationWithFormData.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await _operationWithFormData.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -663,7 +663,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOperationWithBodyAsV2JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await _operationWithBody.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await _operationWithBody.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedOperationWithTagAndSecurityAsV2JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await _advancedOperationWithTagsAndSecurity.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await _advancedOperationWithTagsAndSecurity.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -765,7 +765,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOperationWithNullCollectionAsV2JsonWorks()
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await operation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -826,9 +826,9 @@ public async Task EnsureOpenApiOperationCopyConstructor_SerializationResultsInSa
             foreach (var operation in operations)
             {
                 // Act
-                var expected = await operation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+                var expected = await operation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
                 var openApiOperation = new OpenApiOperation(operation);
-                var actual = await openApiOperation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+                var actual = await openApiOperation.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
                 // Assert
                 Assert.Equal(expected, actual);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiParameterCookieStyleTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiParameterCookieStyleTests.cs
index cf0348fa9..04f158bc2 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiParameterCookieStyleTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiParameterCookieStyleTests.cs
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public async Task SerializeCookieParameterAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await CookieParameter.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await CookieParameter.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public async Task SerializeCookieParameterWithDefaultStyleAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await CookieParameterWithDefault.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await CookieParameterWithDefault.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -155,9 +155,9 @@ public async Task SerializeCookieParameterWithDefaultStyleWorksForEarlierVersion
             // Arrange & Act
             string actual = version switch
             {
-                OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0 => await CookieParameterWithDefault.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0),
-                OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0 => await CookieParameterWithDefault.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0),
-                OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1 => await CookieParameterWithDefault.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1),
+                OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0 => await CookieParameterWithDefault.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken),
+                OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0 => await CookieParameterWithDefault.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken),
+                OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1 => await CookieParameterWithDefault.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken),
                 _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException()
             };
 
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ public async Task SerializeCookieParameterAsV32JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseO
 
             // Act
             CookieParameter.SerializeAsV32(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ public async Task SerializeCookieParameterAsYamlV32Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await CookieParameter.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await CookieParameter.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiParameterTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiParameterTests.cs
index 0cd2726dd..e6c30fc04 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiParameterTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiParameterTests.cs
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ public async Task WhenStyleAndInIsNullTheDefaultValueOfStyleShouldBeSimple(Param
 
             // Act & Assert
             parameter.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.Equal(expectedStyle, parameter.Style);
         }
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public async Task SerializeQueryParameterWithMissingStyleSucceeds()
     type: integer";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await QueryParameterWithMissingStyle.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await QueryParameterWithMissingStyle.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicParameterAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicParameter.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BasicParameter.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedParameterAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedPathParameterWithSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedPathParameterWithSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedParameterAsV2JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedPathParameterWithSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedPathParameterWithSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedParameterAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTer
 
             // Act
             OpenApiParameterReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedParameterAsV3JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync
 
             // Act
             ReferencedParameter.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedParameterAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTer
 
             // Act
             OpenApiParameterReference.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedParameterAsV2JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync
 
             // Act
             ReferencedParameter.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ public async Task SerializeParameterWithSchemaTypeObjectAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool
 
             // Act
             AdvancedHeaderParameterWithSchemaTypeObject.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ public async Task SerializeParameterWithFormStyleAndExplodeFalseWorksAsync(bool
 
             // Act
             ParameterWithFormStyleAndExplodeFalse.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ public async Task SerializeParameterWithFormStyleAndExplodeTrueWorksAsync(bool p
 
             // Act
             ParameterWithFormStyleAndExplodeTrue.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ public async Task SerializeQueryStringParameter_V32_Succeeds()
                 Schema = null,
                 // Explode must be false (default) and not set
             };
-            var json = await parameter.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var json = await parameter.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             Assert.Contains("querystring", json);
         }
     }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiPathItemTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiPathItemTests.cs
index 5f76693a3..a27675e1d 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiPathItemTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiPathItemTests.cs
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAsV2JsonWorks()
 
         var parsedExpectedJson = JsonNode.Parse(expectedJson);
         // When
-        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var parsedActualJson = JsonNode.Parse(actualJson);
 
         // Then
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAsV3JsonWorks()
 
         var parsedExpectedJson = JsonNode.Parse(expectedJson);
         // When
-        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var parsedActualJson = JsonNode.Parse(actualJson);
 
         // Then
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAsV31JsonWorks()
 
         var parsedExpectedJson = JsonNode.Parse(expectedJson);
         // When
-        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var parsedActualJson = JsonNode.Parse(actualJson);
 
         // Then
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAsV32JsonWithQueryAndAdditionalOperationsWorks()
 
         var parsedExpectedJson = JsonNode.Parse(expectedJson);
         // When
-        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var parsedActualJson = JsonNode.Parse(actualJson);
 
         // Then
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ public async Task SerializeV32FeaturesAsExtensionsInV31Works()
         };
 
         // When
-        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var parsedActualJson = Assert.IsType<JsonObject>(JsonNode.Parse(actualJson));
 
         // Then - should contain x-oai- prefixed extensions in the operation
@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ public async Task SerializeV32FeaturesAsExtensionsInV3Works()
         };
 
         // When
-        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var parsedActualJson = Assert.IsType<JsonObject>(JsonNode.Parse(actualJson));
 
         // Then - should contain x-oai- prefixed extensions in the operation
@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ public async Task SerializeV32FeaturesAsExtensionsInV2Works()
         };
 
         // When
-        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+        var actualJson = await pathItem.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         var parsedActualJson = Assert.IsType<JsonObject>(JsonNode.Parse(actualJson));
 
         // Then - should contain x-oai- prefixed extensions in the operation
@@ -790,7 +790,7 @@ public async Task SerializeV32PathItemToV31ProducesExtensions()
         };
 
         // Act
-        var yaml = await pathItem.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+        var yaml = await pathItem.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         // Assert
         Assert.Contains("Query:", yaml);
@@ -839,7 +839,7 @@ public async Task SerializeV32PathItemToV3ProducesExtensions()
         };
 
         // Act
-        var yaml = await pathItem.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+        var yaml = await pathItem.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         // Assert
         Assert.Contains("Query:", yaml);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiReferenceTests.cs
index e2ad1f87c..a00963cfe 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiReferenceTests.cs
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferenceAsJsonV3Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             expected = expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public async Task SerializeHttpSchemaReferenceAsJsonV31Works(string id, string r
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             expected = expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
 
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferenceAsYamlV3Works()
             var expected = @"$ref: '#/components/schemas/Pet'";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected, actual);
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferenceAsJsonV2Works()
                 """.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected, actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferenceAsYamlV2Works()
             var expected = @"$ref: '#/definitions/Pet'";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected, actual);
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExternalReferenceAsJsonV2Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             expected = expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
 
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExternalReferenceAsYamlV2Works()
             var expected = @"$ref: main.json#/definitions/Pets";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected, actual);
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExternalReferenceAsJsonV3Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             expected = expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
 
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExternalReferenceAsYamlV3Works()
             var expected = @"$ref: main.json#/components/schemas/Pets";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await reference.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected, actual);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiRequestBodyTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiRequestBodyTests.cs
index d3df1e1ed..222de1c3c 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiRequestBodyTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiRequestBodyTests.cs
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedRequestBodyAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTer
 
             // Act
             AdvancedRequestBody.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedRequestBodyAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceT
 
             // Act
             OpenApiRequestBodyReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedRequestBodyAsV3JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsy
 
             // Act
             ReferencedRequestBody.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiResponseTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiResponseTests.cs
index 5810e15fc..450058fe1 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiResponseTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiResponseTests.cs
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicResponseWorks(
 }" : @"description: null";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicResponse.SerializeAsync(version, format);
+            var actual = await BasicResponse.SerializeAsync(version, format, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedResponseAsV3JsonWorks()
 }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedV3Response.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedV3Response.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedResponseAsV3YamlWorks()
     myextension: myextensionvalue";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedV3Response.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedV3Response.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedResponseAsV2JsonWorks()
 }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedV2Response.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedV2Response.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedResponseAsV2YamlWorks()
     type: integer";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedV2Response.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedV2Response.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedResponseAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTers
 
             // Act
             V3OpenApiResponseReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedResponseAsV3JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync(
 
             // Act
             ReferencedV3Response.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedResponseAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTers
 
             // Act
             V2OpenApiResponseReference.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedResponseAsV2JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync(
 
             // Act
             ReferencedV2Response.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ public async Task SerializeResponseWithSummaryAsV32Works()
 }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ResponseWithSummary.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await ResponseWithSummary.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ public async Task SerializeResponseWithSummaryAsV31Works()
 }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ResponseWithSummary.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await ResponseWithSummary.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ public async Task SerializeResponseWithSummaryAsV3Works()
 }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ResponseWithSummary.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await ResponseWithSummary.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
index b4b188617..b229279fc 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSchemaTests.cs
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using FluentAssertions;
+using Microsoft.OpenApi.Reader;
 using VerifyXunit;
 using Xunit;
 
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicSchemaAsJsonWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
             var expected = @"{ }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await BasicSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -248,7 +249,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedSchemaNumberAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedSchemaNumber.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedSchemaNumber.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -299,7 +300,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedSchemaObjectAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedSchemaObject.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedSchemaObject.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -354,7 +355,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedSchemaWithAllOfAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedSchemaWithAllOf.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedSchemaWithAllOf.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonObject.DeepEquals(JsonObject.Parse(expected), JsonObject.Parse(actual)));
@@ -371,7 +372,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedSchemaAsV3WithoutReferenceJsonWorksAsync(bo
 
             // Act
             ReferencedSchema.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -388,7 +389,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedSchemaAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseO
 
             // Act
             ReferencedSchema.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -405,7 +406,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaWRequiredPropertiesAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool prod
 
             // Act
             AdvancedSchemaWithRequiredPropertiesObject.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -434,7 +435,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAsV2ShouldSetFormatPropertyInParentSchemaIfPresentInC
             // Act
             // Serialize as V2
             schema.SerializeAsV2(openApiJsonWriter);
-            await openApiJsonWriter.FlushAsync();
+            await openApiJsonWriter.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v2Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString().MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
 
@@ -623,6 +624,7 @@ public static TheoryData<JsonNode> SchemaExamples()
 
         [Theory]
         [MemberData(nameof(SchemaExamples))]
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
         public void CloningSchemaExamplesWorks(JsonNode example)
         {
             // Arrange
@@ -639,6 +641,7 @@ public void CloningSchemaExamplesWorks(JsonNode example)
             .IgnoringCyclicReferences()
             .Excluding(x => x.Options));
         }
+#pragma warning restore CS0618
 
         [Fact]
         public void CloningSchemaExtensionsWorks()
@@ -726,7 +729,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaWithUnrecognizedPropertiesWorks()
 }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal(expected.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral(), actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral());
@@ -748,7 +751,7 @@ public async Task WriteAsItemsPropertiesDoesNotWriteNull()
             // Act
             schema.WriteAsItemsProperties(writer);
             writer.WriteEndObject();
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
@@ -772,7 +775,7 @@ public async Task SerializeConstAsEnumV30()
 
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var v3Node = JsonNode.Parse(actual);
@@ -792,7 +795,7 @@ public async Task SerializeConstAsEnumV20()
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             var v2Node = JsonNode.Parse(actual);
@@ -812,7 +815,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdditionalPropertiesAsV2WithEmptySchemaEmits()
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -830,7 +833,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdditionalPropertiesAsV2WithRefSchemaEmits()
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -847,7 +850,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdditionalPropertiesAllowedAsV2DefaultDoesNotEmit()
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -864,7 +867,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdditionalPropertiesAllowedAsV2FalseEmits()
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -884,7 +887,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdditionalPropertiesAllowedAsV3PlusDefaultDoesNotEmit
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -904,7 +907,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdditionalPropertiesAllowedAsV3PlusFalseEmits(OpenApi
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -924,7 +927,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdditionalPropertiesAsV3PlusEmits(OpenApiSpecVersion
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -952,7 +955,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOneOfWithNullAsV3ShouldUseNullableAsync()
 
             // Act
             schema.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v3Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
@@ -963,7 +966,8 @@ public async Task SerializeOneOfWithNullAsV3ShouldUseNullableAsync()
                     {
                       "enum": [
                         null
-                      ]
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
                     },
                     {
                       "maxLength": 10,
@@ -996,7 +1000,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOneOfWithNullAndMultipleSchemasAsV3ShouldMarkItAsNull
 
             // Act
             schema.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v3Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
@@ -1007,7 +1011,8 @@ public async Task SerializeOneOfWithNullAndMultipleSchemasAsV3ShouldMarkItAsNull
                     {
                       "enum": [
                         null
-                      ]
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
                     },
                     {
                       "type": "string"
@@ -1048,7 +1053,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAnyOfWithNullAsV3ShouldUseNullableAsync()
 
             // Act
             schema.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v3Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
@@ -1059,7 +1064,8 @@ public async Task SerializeAnyOfWithNullAsV3ShouldUseNullableAsync()
                     {
                       "enum": [
                         null
-                      ]
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
                     },
                     {
                       "type": "object",
@@ -1095,7 +1101,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAnyOfWithNullAndMultipleSchemasAsV3ShouldApplyNullabl
 
             // Act
             schema.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v3Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
@@ -1106,7 +1112,8 @@ public async Task SerializeAnyOfWithNullAndMultipleSchemasAsV3ShouldApplyNullabl
                     {
                       "enum": [
                         null
-                      ]
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
                     },
                     {
                       "minLength": 1,
@@ -1140,7 +1147,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOneOfWithOnlyNullAsV3ShouldJustBeNullableAsync()
 
             // Act
             schema.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v3Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
@@ -1151,7 +1158,8 @@ public async Task SerializeOneOfWithOnlyNullAsV3ShouldJustBeNullableAsync()
                     {
                       "enum": [
                         null
-                      ]
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
                     }
                   ]
                 }
@@ -1179,7 +1187,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOneOfWithNullAsV31ShouldNotChangeAsync()
 
             // Act
             schema.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v31Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
@@ -1243,7 +1251,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOneOfWithNullAndRefAsV3ShouldUseNullableAsync()
 
             // Act
             schema.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v3Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
@@ -1254,7 +1262,8 @@ public async Task SerializeOneOfWithNullAndRefAsV3ShouldUseNullableAsync()
                     {
                       "enum": [
                         null
-                      ]
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
                     },
                     {
                       "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet"
@@ -1284,7 +1293,7 @@ public async Task SerializeContainsKeywordsAsV31Works()
 
             // Act
             schema.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v31Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
@@ -1320,7 +1329,7 @@ public async Task SerializeContainsKeywordsAsV3EmitsCompatibilityExtensions()
 
             // Act
             schema.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var v3Schema = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
@@ -1349,7 +1358,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesBooleanDefaultDoesNotEmit()
             var schema = new OpenApiSchema();
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1366,7 +1375,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesBooleanTrueDoesNotEmit()
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1383,7 +1392,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesBooleanFalseEmitsInV31()
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1405,7 +1414,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesSchemaEmits(OpenApiSpecVersion v
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1426,7 +1435,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesSchemaTakesPrecedenceOverBoolean
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1443,7 +1452,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesAsExtensionInEarlierVersions(Ope
                 UnevaluatedProperties = false
             };
 
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
         }
@@ -1462,7 +1471,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesSchemaAsExtensionInEarlierVersio
                 }
             };
 
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
         }
@@ -1480,7 +1489,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesTrueNotEmittedInEarlierVersions(
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1535,7 +1544,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMissingPropertiesEmitsJsonSchemaKeywordsInV31()
                 Else = new OpenApiSchema { MaxProperties = 0 }
             };
 
-            var actual = JsonNode.Parse(await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1));
+            var actual = JsonNode.Parse(await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
 
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(expected, actual));
         }
@@ -1597,7 +1606,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMissingPropertiesEmitsOaiExtensionsInV3()
                 Else = new OpenApiSchema { MaxProperties = 0 }
             };
 
-            var actual = JsonNode.Parse(await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0));
+            var actual = JsonNode.Parse(await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken));
 
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(expected, actual));
         }
@@ -1620,7 +1629,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesFalseNotEmittedForNonObjectType(
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1644,7 +1653,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesSchemaNotEmittedForNonObjectType
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1665,7 +1674,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesNotEmittedAsExtensionForNonObjec
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then - should not contain unevaluatedProperties extension
             var parsed = JsonNode.Parse(actual)!.AsObject();
@@ -1684,7 +1693,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesFalseStillEmittedForObjectType()
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1701,7 +1710,7 @@ public async Task SerializeUnevaluatedPropertiesFalseStillEmittedWhenTypeNotSet(
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1724,7 +1733,7 @@ public async Task SerializePatternPropertiesAsKeywordInV31AndV32(OpenApiSpecVers
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1746,12 +1755,89 @@ public async Task SerializePatternPropertiesAsExtensionInEarlierVersions(OpenApi
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
         }
 
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0)]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0)]
+        public async Task SerializeSingleExampleAsExampleInV2V3WhenExampleUnset(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
+        {
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "example": "example value"
+                }
+                """;
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema
+            {
+                Examples =
+                [
+                    JsonValue.Create("example value")!
+                ]
+            };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0)]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0)]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleExamplesInV2V3WhenExampleUnset(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
+        {
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "example": "example value",
+                  "x-jsonschema-examples": [
+                    42
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema
+            {
+                Examples =
+                [
+                    JsonValue.Create("example value")!,
+                    JsonValue.Create(42)!
+                ]
+            };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1)]
+        [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2)]
+        public async Task SerializeExamplesAsJsonSchemaKeywordInV31AndLater(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
+        {
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "examples": [
+                    "example value",
+                    42
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema
+            {
+                Examples =
+                [
+                    JsonValue.Create("example value")!,
+                    JsonValue.Create(42)!
+                ]
+            };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+        }
+
         [Theory]
         [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0)]
         [InlineData(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0)]
@@ -1765,7 +1851,7 @@ public async Task SerializeEmptyPatternPropertiesNotEmittedInEarlierVersions(Ope
             };
 
             // When
-            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Then
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -1843,6 +1929,80 @@ public void DeserializePatternPropertiesExtensionInV3AssignsPatternPropertiesPro
             Assert.True(schema.Extensions is null || !schema.Extensions.ContainsKey("x-jsonschema-patternProperties"));
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public void DeserializeExamplesExtensionInV2AssignsExamplesProperty()
+        {
+            var jsonContent = """
+            {
+              "swagger": "2.0",
+              "info": { "title": "Test", "version": "1.0" },
+              "paths": {},
+              "definitions": {
+                "TestSchema": {
+                  "type": "string",
+                  "example": "primary example",
+                  "x-jsonschema-examples": [
+                    "secondary example",
+                    42
+                  ]
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            """;
+
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(jsonContent, "json");
+
+            Assert.Empty(readResult.Diagnostic.Errors);
+            var schema = readResult.Document.Components.Schemas["TestSchema"];
+#pragma warning disable CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+            Assert.Equal("primary example", schema.Example?.GetValue<string>());
+#pragma warning restore CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+            Assert.NotNull(schema.Examples);
+            Assert.Collection(
+                schema.Examples,
+                example => Assert.Equal("secondary example", example.GetValue<string>()),
+                example => Assert.Equal(42, example.GetValue<int>()));
+            Assert.True(schema.Extensions is null || !schema.Extensions.ContainsKey(OpenApiConstants.JsonSchemaExamplesExtension));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void DeserializeExamplesExtensionInV3AssignsExamplesProperty()
+        {
+            var jsonContent = """
+            {
+              "openapi": "3.0.0",
+              "info": { "title": "Test", "version": "1.0" },
+              "paths": {},
+              "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                  "TestSchema": {
+                    "type": "string",
+                    "example": "primary example",
+                    "x-jsonschema-examples": [
+                      "secondary example",
+                      42
+                    ]
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            """;
+
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(jsonContent, "json");
+
+            Assert.Empty(readResult.Diagnostic.Errors);
+            var schema = readResult.Document.Components.Schemas["TestSchema"];
+#pragma warning disable CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+            Assert.Equal("primary example", schema.Example?.GetValue<string>());
+#pragma warning restore CS0618 // Type or member is obsolete
+            Assert.NotNull(schema.Examples);
+            Assert.Collection(
+                schema.Examples,
+                example => Assert.Equal("secondary example", example.GetValue<string>()),
+                example => Assert.Equal(42, example.GetValue<int>()));
+            Assert.True(schema.Extensions is null || !schema.Extensions.ContainsKey(OpenApiConstants.JsonSchemaExamplesExtension));
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public void DeserializeContainsExtensionsInV3AssignsContainsProperties()
         {
@@ -1890,14 +2050,15 @@ public async Task SerializeNullableEnumWith3_0()
             // Otherwise, validators will consider null as invalid even if nullable is set to true.
             // It's unclear if it's an issue of the validators or not, but it's safer to do it that way.
             var schema = CreateNullableEnumSchema();
-            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var expected = """
                 {
                   "oneOf": [
                     {
                       "enum": [
                         null
-                      ]
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
                     },
                     {
                       "enum": [
@@ -1918,7 +2079,7 @@ public async Task SerializeNullableEnumWith3_0()
         public async Task SerializeNullableEnumWith3_1_And_Later(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
         {
             var schema = CreateNullableEnumSchema();
-            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var expected = """
                 {
                   "oneOf": [
@@ -1941,12 +2102,13 @@ public async Task SerializeNullableEnumWith3_1_And_Later(OpenApiSpecVersion vers
         public async Task SerializeNullableTypeWith3_0()
         {
             var schema = CreateTypeNullSchema();
-            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var expected = """
                 {
                   "enum": [
                     null
-                  ]
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
                 }
                 """;
 
@@ -1959,7 +2121,7 @@ public async Task SerializeNullableTypeWith3_0()
         public async Task SerializeNullableTypeWith3_1_And_Later(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
         {
             var schema = CreateTypeNullSchema();
-            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var expected = """
                 {
                   "type": "null"
@@ -1968,6 +2130,754 @@ public async Task SerializeNullableTypeWith3_1_And_Later(OpenApiSpecVersion vers
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_NotIncludingNull_NotIncludingOneOfOrAnyOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer,
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "type": "integer"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "integer", "string" ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_NotIncludingNull_IncludingOneOfButNotAnyOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer,
+                OneOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "type": "integer"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "integer", "string" ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_NotIncludingNull_IncludingAnyOfButNotOneOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer,
+                AnyOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "type": "integer"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "integer", "string" ],
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_NotIncludingNull_IncludingBothOneOfAndAnyOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer,
+                AnyOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+                OneOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_IncludingNullAndSingleType_NotIncludingOneOfOrAnyOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Null,
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "type": "string",
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "null", "string" ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_IncludingNullAndSingleType_IncludingOneOfButNotAnyOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Null,
+                OneOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "type": "string",
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "null", "string" ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_IncludingNullAndSingleType_IncludingAnyOfButNotOneOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Null,
+                AnyOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "type": "string",
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "null", "string" ],
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_IncludingNullAndSingleType_IncludingBothOneOfAndAnyOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Null,
+                AnyOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+                OneOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "type": "string",
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "null", "string" ],
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_IncludingNullAndTwoTypes_NotIncludingOneOfOrAnyOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer | JsonSchemaType.Null,
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "type": "integer"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        null
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "null", "integer", "string" ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_IncludingNullAndTwoTypes_IncludingOneOfButNotAnyOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer | JsonSchemaType.Null,
+                OneOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "type": "integer"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        null
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "null", "integer", "string" ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_IncludingNullAndTwoTypes_IncludingAnyOfButNotOneOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer | JsonSchemaType.Null,
+                AnyOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "type": "integer"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        null
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "type": [ "null", "integer", "string" ],
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleTypesWith3_0_IncludingNullAndTwoTypes_IncludingBothOneOfAndAnyOf()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema()
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer | JsonSchemaType.Null,
+                AnyOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+                OneOf =
+                [
+                    new OpenApiSchema()
+                    {
+                        Enum = new List<JsonNode>
+                        {
+                            JsonValue.Create("A"),
+                            JsonValue.Create("B")
+                        }
+                    },
+                ],
+            };
+            var result = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(result)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = OpenApiModelFactory.Parse<OpenApiSchema>(expected, OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, new OpenApiDocument(), out _);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.OneOf);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.Type);
+
+            var actual32 = await deserializedSchema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var expected32 = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "oneOf": [
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        "A",
+                        "B"
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected32), JsonNode.Parse(actual32)));
+        }
+
         private OpenApiSchema CreateNullableEnumSchema()
         {
             var schema = new OpenApiSchema();
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSchemaV30CompatibilityTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSchemaV30CompatibilityTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ae03dcfb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSchemaV30CompatibilityTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests.Models
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Tests for the transformations applied when an <see cref="OpenApiSchema"/> that uses
+    /// JSON Schema DRAFT 2020-12 / OpenAPI 3.2 features is serialized down to OpenAPI 3.0 (which lacks those features),
+    /// and the corresponding behavior when such documents are deserialized back.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Collection("DefaultSettings")]
+    public class OpenApiSchemaV30CompatibilityTests
+    {
+        private static IOpenApiSchema ParseSchemaFromV30Document(string schemaJson)
+        {
+            var jsonContent = $$"""
+            {
+              "openapi": "3.0.0",
+              "info": { "title": "Test", "version": "1.0" },
+              "paths": {},
+              "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                  "TestSchema": {{schemaJson}}
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            """;
+
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(jsonContent, "json");
+            Assert.Empty(readResult.Diagnostic.Errors);
+            return readResult.Document.Components.Schemas["TestSchema"];
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task NullableEnumShouldRoundTripCorrectly()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema
+            {
+                Enum =
+                [
+                    JsonValue.Create(1),
+                    JsonValue.Create(2),
+                    JsonValue.Create(3),
+                    JsonNullSentinel.JsonNull,
+                ]
+            };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            var expected =
+                """
+                {
+                  "enum": [
+                    1,
+                    2,
+                    3,
+                    null
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = ParseSchemaFromV30Document(actual);
+
+            Assert.Equal(4, deserializedSchema.Enum.Count);
+            Assert.Equal(1, deserializedSchema.Enum[0].GetValue<int>());
+            Assert.Equal(2, deserializedSchema.Enum[1].GetValue<int>());
+            Assert.Equal(3, deserializedSchema.Enum[2].GetValue<int>());
+            Assert.True(deserializedSchema.Enum[3].IsJsonNullSentinel());
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task TypeNullAloneAsV3ShouldRoundTripCorrectly()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema { Type = JsonSchemaType.Null };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            var expected =
+                """
+                {
+                  "enum": [
+                    null
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = ParseSchemaFromV30Document(actual);
+
+            Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.Null, deserializedSchema.Type);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.Enum);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task NullableTypeAsV3ShouldRoundTripCorrectly()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema { Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Null };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            var expected =
+                """
+                {
+                  "type": "string",
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = ParseSchemaFromV30Document(actual);
+            Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Null, deserializedSchema.Type);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleNonNullTypesAsV3DoesNotOmitType()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema { Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "type": "integer"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = ParseSchemaFromV30Document(actual);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeMultipleNonNullTypesWithNullAsV3DoesNotOmitType()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Integer | JsonSchemaType.Null
+            };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            var expected = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "type": "integer"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "enum": [
+                        null
+                      ],
+                      "nullable": true
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "nullable": true
+                }
+                """;
+
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = ParseSchemaFromV30Document(actual);
+            Assert.Equal(schema.Type, deserializedSchema.Type);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void DeserializeAnyOfWithConstraintsAsV3PreservesConstraints()
+        {
+            var schemaJson = """
+                {
+                  "anyOf": [
+                    {
+                      "type": "string",
+                      "format": "email",
+                      "maxLength": 10
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "type": "integer",
+                      "minimum": 0
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+                """;
+
+            var deserializedSchema = ParseSchemaFromV30Document(schemaJson);
+
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.Type);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.AnyOf);
+            Assert.Collection(deserializedSchema.AnyOf,
+                first =>
+                {
+                    Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.String, first.Type);
+                    Assert.Equal("email", first.Format);
+                    Assert.Equal(10, first.MaxLength);
+                },
+                second =>
+                {
+                    Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.Integer, second.Type);
+                    Assert.Equal("0", second.Minimum);
+                });
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeConstAsV3EmitsSingleValueEnum()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema { Type = JsonSchemaType.String, Const = "foo" };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            var node = JsonNode.Parse(actual)!.AsObject();
+            Assert.False(node.ContainsKey("const"));
+            Assert.True(node["enum"] is JsonArray enumArray
+                && enumArray.Count == 1
+                && enumArray[0]!.ToString() == "foo");
+
+            var deserializedSchema = ParseSchemaFromV30Document(actual);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.Const);
+            Assert.NotNull(deserializedSchema.Enum);
+            Assert.Single(deserializedSchema.Enum);
+            Assert.Equal("foo", deserializedSchema.Enum[0]!.ToString());
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeExclusiveMaximumAsV3EmitsMaximumWithBooleanFlag()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.Integer,
+                ExclusiveMaximum = "5"
+            };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            var expected =
+                """
+                {
+                  "type": "integer",
+                  "maximum": 5,
+                  "exclusiveMaximum": true
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = (OpenApiSchema)ParseSchemaFromV30Document(actual);
+            Assert.True(deserializedSchema.IsExclusiveMaximum);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.Maximum);
+            Assert.Equal("5", deserializedSchema.ExclusiveMaximum);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task SerializeExclusiveMinimumAsV3EmitsMinimumWithBooleanFlag()
+        {
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.Integer,
+                ExclusiveMinimum = "1"
+            };
+
+            var actual = await schema.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+
+            var expected =
+                """
+                {
+                  "type": "integer",
+                  "minimum": 1,
+                  "exclusiveMinimum": true
+                }
+                """;
+            Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
+
+            var deserializedSchema = (OpenApiSchema)ParseSchemaFromV30Document(actual);
+            Assert.True(deserializedSchema.IsExclusiveMinimum);
+            Assert.Null(deserializedSchema.Minimum);
+            Assert.Equal("1", deserializedSchema.ExclusiveMinimum);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSecurityRequirementTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSecurityRequirementTests.cs
index 29f5af3c6..8022d1070 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSecurityRequirementTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSecurityRequirementTests.cs
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicSecurityRequirementAsV3JsonWorks()
             var expected = @"{ }";
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicSecurityRequirement.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BasicSecurityRequirement.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSecurityRequirementAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTer
 
             // Act
             SecurityRequirementWithReferencedSecurityScheme.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSecurityRequirementWithReferencedSecuritySchemeAsJson
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await SecurityRequirementWithReferencedSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(openApiSpecVersion);
+            var actual = await SecurityRequirementWithReferencedSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(openApiSpecVersion, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSecurityRequirementWithUnreferencedSecuritySchemeAsJs
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await SecurityRequirementWithUnreferencedSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(openApiSpecVersion);
+            var actual = await SecurityRequirementWithUnreferencedSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(openApiSpecVersion, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
index 335d2d9b2..9089d580c 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiSecuritySchemeTests.cs
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ public async Task SerializeApiKeySecuritySchemeAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await ApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ public async Task SerializeApiKeySecuritySchemeAsV3YamlWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await ApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ public async Task SerializeHttpSecuritySchemeWithoutSchemeAsV2DoesNotThrow()
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await securityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await securityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse("{}"), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOpenIdConnectSecuritySchemeWithoutOpenIdConnectUrlAsV
             };
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await securityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0);
+            var actual = await securityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi2_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse("{}"), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ public async Task SerializeHttpBasicSecuritySchemeAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await HttpBasicSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await HttpBasicSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ public async Task SerializeHttpBearerSecuritySchemeAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await HttpBearerSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await HttpBearerSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthSingleFlowSecuritySchemeAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuth2SingleFlowSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await OAuth2SingleFlowSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthSecuritySchemeWithMetadataUrlAsV32JsonWorks()
                                 """;
 
                         // Act
-                        var actual = await OAuth2MetadataSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+                        var actual = await OAuth2MetadataSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
                         // Assert
                         Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthSecuritySchemeWithMetadataUrlAsV31JsonOmitsMetad
                                 {
                                     "type": "oauth2",
                                     "description": "description1",
-                                    "x-oauth2-metadata-url": "https://idp.example.com/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server",
+                                    "x-oai-oauth2-metadata-url": "https://idp.example.com/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server",
                                     "flows": {
                                         "clientCredentials": {
                                             "tokenUrl": "https://idp.example.com/oauth/token",
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthSecuritySchemeWithMetadataUrlAsV31JsonOmitsMetad
                                 """;
 
                         // Act
-                        var actual = await OAuth2MetadataSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+                        var actual = await OAuth2MetadataSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
                         // Assert
                         Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOAuthMultipleFlowSecuritySchemeAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OAuth2MultipleFlowSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await OAuth2MultipleFlowSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ public async Task SerializeOpenIdConnectSecuritySchemeAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await OpenIdConnectSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await OpenIdConnectSecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedSecuritySchemeAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produ
 
             // Act
             OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedSecuritySchemeAsV3JsonWithoutReferenceWorks
 
             // Act
             ReferencedSecurityScheme.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDeprecatedSecuritySchemeAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await DeprecatedApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await DeprecatedApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDeprecatedSecuritySchemeAsV31JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await DeprecatedApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await DeprecatedApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ public async Task SerializeDeprecatedSecuritySchemeAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await DeprecatedApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await DeprecatedApiKeySecurityScheme.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiServerTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiServerTests.cs
index 7af4adbe4..1fa974263 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiServerTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiServerTests.cs
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicServerAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicServer.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await BasicServer.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedServerAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedServer.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedServer.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ public async Task SerializeServerWithNameAsV32JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ServerWithName.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await ServerWithName.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
              Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ public async Task SerializeServerWithNameAsV31JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ServerWithName.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await ServerWithName.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ public async Task SerializeServerWithNameAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await ServerWithName.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await ServerWithName.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(expected), JsonNode.Parse(actual)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiServerVariableTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiServerVariableTests.cs
index ee9a81826..4770d34d9 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiServerVariableTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiServerVariableTests.cs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public class OpenApiServerVariableTests
         public async Task SerializeBasicServerVariableAsV3Works(string format, string expected)
         {
             // Arrange & Act
-            var actual = await BasicServerVariable.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, format);
+            var actual = await BasicServerVariable.SerializeAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, format, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedServerVariableAsV3JsonWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedServerVariable.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedServerVariable.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedServerVariableAsV3YamlWorks()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedServerVariable.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0);
+            var actual = await AdvancedServerVariable.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_0, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiTagTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiTagTests.cs
index 0a7ea4a84..946bac75b 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiTagTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiTagTests.cs
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicTagAsV3JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync(bool produ
 
             // Act
             BasicTag.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicTagAsV2JsonWithoutReferenceWorksAsync(bool produ
 
             // Act
             BasicTag.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicTagAsV2YamlWithoutReferenceWorks()
 
             // Act
             BasicTag.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedTagAsV3YamlWithoutReferenceWorks()
 
             // Act
             AdvancedTag.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedTagAsV2YamlWithoutReferenceWorks()
 
             // Act
             AdvancedTag.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedTagAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOutput
 
             // Act
             AdvancedTag.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedTagAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOutput
 
             // Act
             AdvancedTag.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedTagAsV3YamlWorks()
 
             // Act
             AdvancedTag.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedTagAsV2YamlWorks()
 
             // Act
             AdvancedTag.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedTagAsV3JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOutp
 
             // Act
             ReferencedTag.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedTagAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOutp
 
             // Act
             ReferencedTag.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedTagAsV3YamlWorks()
 
             // Act
             ReferencedTag.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ public async Task SerializeReferencedTagAsV2YamlWorks()
 
             // Act
             ReferencedTag.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTagWithV32PropertiesAsV31JsonWorksAsync(bool produceT
 
             // Act
             TagWithV32Properties.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTagWithV32PropertiesAsV31YamlWorks()
 
             // Act
             TagWithV32Properties.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTagWithV32PropertiesAsV32JsonWorksAsync(bool produceT
 
             // Act
             TagWithV32Properties.SerializeAsV32(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTagWithV32PropertiesAsV32YamlWorks()
 
             // Act
             TagWithV32Properties.SerializeAsV32(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTagWithV32PropertiesAsV3YamlWorks()
 
             // Act
             TagWithV32Properties.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var actual = outputStringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();
 
             // Assert
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiXmlTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiXmlTests.cs
index 6426c0237..758615cc2 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiXmlTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/OpenApiXmlTests.cs
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public async Task SerializeBasicXmlWorks(
             string format)
         {
             // Act
-            var actual = await BasicXml.SerializeAsync(version, format);
+            var actual = await BasicXml.SerializeAsync(version, format, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedXmlAsJsonWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedXml.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version);
+            var actual = await AdvancedXml.SerializeAsJsonAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAdvancedXmlAsYamlWorks(OpenApiSpecVersion version)
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await AdvancedXml.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version);
+            var actual = await AdvancedXml.SerializeAsYamlAsync(version, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public async Task SerializeXmlWithNodeTypeAsJsonV32Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await XmlWithNodeType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await XmlWithNodeType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ public async Task SerializeXmlWithNodeTypeAsYamlV32Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await XmlWithNodeType.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await XmlWithNodeType.SerializeAsYamlAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             actual = actual.MakeLineBreaksEnvironmentNeutral();
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ public async Task SerializeXmlWithAttributeNodeTypeAsJsonV32Works()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await XmlWithAttributeNodeType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var actual = await XmlWithAttributeNodeType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ public async Task SerializeXmlWithNodeTypeAsJsonV31DoesNotSerializeNodeType()
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await XmlWithNodeType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await XmlWithNodeType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ public async Task SerializeXmlWithAttributeNodeTypeAsJsonV31DoesNotSerializeNode
                 """;
 
             // Act
-            var actual = await XmlWithAttributeNodeType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1);
+            var actual = await XmlWithAttributeNodeType.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_1, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.True(JsonNode.DeepEquals(JsonNode.Parse(actual), JsonNode.Parse(expected)));
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/BaseOpenApiReferenceHolderTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/BaseOpenApiReferenceHolderTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..24d2b038e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/BaseOpenApiReferenceHolderTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests.Models.References
+{
+    public class BaseOpenApiReferenceHolderTests
+    {
+        [Fact]
+        public void DelegatedAccessDetectsCyclesForEveryComponentReferenceType()
+        {
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiCallbackReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiCallbackReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.Callbacks!["A"].PathItems;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiExampleReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiExampleReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.Examples!["A"].Description;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiHeaderReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiHeaderReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.Headers!["A"].Description;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiLinkReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiLinkReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.Links!["A"].Description;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.Components = new OpenApiComponents
+                {
+                    MediaTypes = new Dictionary<string, IOpenApiMediaType>
+                    {
+                        ["A"] = new OpenApiMediaTypeReference("B", document),
+                        ["B"] = new OpenApiMediaTypeReference("A", document)
+                    }
+                };
+                document.RegisterComponents();
+                return document.Components.MediaTypes["A"].Schema;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiParameterReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiParameterReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.Parameters!["A"].Description;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiPathItemReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiPathItemReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.PathItems!["A"].Description;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiRequestBodyReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiRequestBodyReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.RequestBodies!["A"].Description;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiResponseReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiResponseReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.Responses!["A"].Description;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiSchemaReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiSchemaReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.Schemas!["A"].Description;
+            });
+            AssertCircularAccessThrows(document =>
+            {
+                document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference("B", document));
+                document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiSecuritySchemeReference("A", document));
+                return document.Components!.SecuritySchemes!["A"].Description;
+            });
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void InliningACircularNonSchemaReferenceThrows()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var document = new OpenApiDocument();
+            document.AddComponent("A", new OpenApiResponseReference("B", document));
+            document.AddComponent("B", new OpenApiResponseReference("A", document));
+            var response = Assert.IsType<OpenApiResponseReference>(document.Components!.Responses!["A"]);
+            var writer = new OpenApiJsonWriter(
+                new StringWriter(),
+                new OpenApiWriterSettings { InlineLocalReferences = true });
+
+            // Act
+            var exception = Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => response.SerializeAsV31(writer));
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Contains("Circular reference detected while resolving reference:", exception.Message, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+        }
+
+        private static void AssertCircularAccessThrows(Func<OpenApiDocument, object> access)
+        {
+            var exception = Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => access(new OpenApiDocument()));
+            Assert.Contains("Circular reference detected while resolving reference:", exception.Message, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiCallbackReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiCallbackReferenceTests.cs
index c39db4c13..6c6f42665 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiCallbackReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiCallbackReferenceTests.cs
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ public async Task SerializeCallbackReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutpu
 
             // Act
             _externalCallbackReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert            
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ public async Task SerializeCallbackReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutp
 
             // Act
             _externalCallbackReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiExampleReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiExampleReferenceTests.cs
index bd40056a4..98f352da7 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiExampleReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiExampleReferenceTests.cs
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExampleReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput
 
             // Act
             _localExampleReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert            
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ public async Task SerializeExampleReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutpu
 
             // Act
             _localExampleReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiHeaderReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiHeaderReferenceTests.cs
index 7a5e7fc9c..4556c1bff 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiHeaderReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiHeaderReferenceTests.cs
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ public async Task SerializeHeaderReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput,
 
             // Act
             _localHeaderReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert            
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ public async Task SerializeHeaderReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput
 
             // Act
             _localHeaderReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public async Task SerializeHeaderReferenceAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTerseOu
 
             // Act
             _localHeaderReference.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiLinkReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiLinkReferenceTests.cs
index 33354a67c..f75dbb11b 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiLinkReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiLinkReferenceTests.cs
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ public async Task SerializeLinkReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput, b
 
             // Act
             _localLinkReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert            
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ public async Task SerializeLinkReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput,
 
             // Act
             _localLinkReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiMediaTypeReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiMediaTypeReferenceTests.cs
index 7292eacdc..d75f97a38 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiMediaTypeReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiMediaTypeReferenceTests.cs
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeReferenceAsV32JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOut
 
         // Act
         document.SerializeAsV32(writer);
-        await writer.FlushAsync();
+        await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         // Assert
         await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOut
 
         // Act
         document.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-        await writer.FlushAsync();
+        await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         // Assert
         await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ public async Task SerializeMediaTypeReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutp
 
         // Act
         document.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-        await writer.FlushAsync();
+        await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         // Assert
         await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiParameterReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiParameterReferenceTests.cs
index 89f96c990..f682b012f 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiParameterReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiParameterReferenceTests.cs
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public async Task SerializeParameterReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutp
 
             // Act
             _localParameterReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ public async Task SerializeParameterReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOut
 
             // Act
             _localParameterReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ public async Task SerializeParameterReferenceAsV2JsonWorksAsync(bool produceTers
 
             // Act
             _localParameterReference.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiPathItemReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiPathItemReferenceTests.cs
index 5c70a1ffa..e06ebc683 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiPathItemReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiPathItemReferenceTests.cs
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public async Task SerializePathItemReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutp
 
             // Act
             _localPathItemReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiRequestBodyReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiRequestBodyReferenceTests.cs
index e3219e021..5991237ba 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiRequestBodyReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiRequestBodyReferenceTests.cs
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ public async Task SerializeRequestBodyReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOu
 
             // Act
             _localRequestBodyReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert            
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ public async Task SerializeRequestBodyReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseO
 
             // Act
             _localRequestBodyReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiResponseReferenceTest.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiResponseReferenceTest.cs
index b1e44a90d..63f272acc 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiResponseReferenceTest.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiResponseReferenceTest.cs
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public async Task SerializeResponseReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutpu
 
             // Act
             _localResponseReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert            
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public async Task SerializeResponseReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutp
 
             // Act
             _localResponseReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV2JsonWorks_produceTerseOutput=False.verified.txt b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV2JsonWorks_produceTerseOutput=False.verified.txt
index ddb324ad6..0af262f8e 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV2JsonWorks_produceTerseOutput=False.verified.txt
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV2JsonWorks_produceTerseOutput=False.verified.txt
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {
   "$ref": "#/definitions/Pet"
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV2JsonWorks_produceTerseOutput=True.verified.txt b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV2JsonWorks_produceTerseOutput=True.verified.txt
index b36112c01..d4b02da13 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV2JsonWorks_produceTerseOutput=True.verified.txt
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV2JsonWorks_produceTerseOutput=True.verified.txt
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"$ref":"#/definitions/Pet"}
+{"$ref":"#/definitions/Pet"}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.cs
index 8f6cb3107..1041a651f 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSchemaReferenceTests.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
 // Licensed under the MIT license. 
 
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Globalization;
 using System.IO;
@@ -314,7 +315,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput
 
             // Act
             reference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -346,7 +347,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV32JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput
 
             // Act
             reference.SerializeAsV32(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -378,7 +379,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput)
 
             // Act
             reference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -410,7 +411,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSchemaReferenceAsV2JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput)
 
             // Act
             reference.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -581,7 +582,7 @@ public async Task SchemaReferenceExtensionsNotWrittenInV30()
 
             // Act
             reference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var output = outputStringWriter.ToString();
 
             // Assert: In v3.0, ONLY $ref should appear - no description, no extensions
@@ -606,11 +607,309 @@ public async Task SchemaReferenceExtensionsNotWrittenInV2()
 
             // Act
             reference.SerializeAsV2(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var output = outputStringWriter.ToString();
 
             // Assert: In v2, ONLY $ref should appear - no description, no extensions
             Assert.Equal(@"{""$ref"":""#/definitions/Pet""}", output);
         }
+
+        private const string CircularSchemaReferencePairJson =
+            """
+            {
+              "openapi": "3.0.0",
+              "info": { "title": "Test", "version": "0.0.1" },
+              "paths": {},
+              "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                  "A": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/B" },
+                  "B": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/A" }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            """;
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void CircularSchemaReferencePairThrowsWhenReadingAllOf()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(CircularSchemaReferencePairJson, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+            var schemaA = readResult.Document.Components!.Schemas!["A"];
+
+            // Act
+            var exception = Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => _ = schemaA.AllOf);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Contains("Circular reference detected while resolving reference:", exception.Message, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void CircularSchemaReferencePairTargetReturnsTheImmediateReference()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(CircularSchemaReferencePairJson, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+            var schemaA = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchemaReference>(readResult.Document.Components!.Schemas!["A"]);
+            var schemaB = readResult.Document.Components.Schemas["B"];
+
+            // Act
+            var target = schemaA.Target;
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Same(schemaB, target);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void CircularSchemaReferencePairRecursiveTargetThrows()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(CircularSchemaReferencePairJson, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+            var schemaA = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchemaReference>(readResult.Document.Components!.Schemas!["A"]);
+
+            // Act
+            var exception = Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => _ = schemaA.RecursiveTarget);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Contains("Circular reference detected while resolving reference:", exception.Message, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void CircularSchemaReferencePairThrowsWhenReadingDescription()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(CircularSchemaReferencePairJson, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+            var schemaA = readResult.Document.Components!.Schemas!["A"];
+
+            // Act
+            var exception = Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => _ = schemaA.Description);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Contains("Circular reference detected while resolving reference:", exception.Message, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void CircularSchemaReferenceChainOfThreeThrowsWhenReadingType()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(
+                """
+                {
+                  "openapi": "3.0.0",
+                  "info": { "title": "Test", "version": "0.0.1" },
+                  "paths": {},
+                  "components": {
+                    "schemas": {
+                      "A": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/B" },
+                      "B": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/C" },
+                      "C": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/A" }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+                """, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+            var schemaA = readResult.Document.Components!.Schemas!["A"];
+
+            // Act
+            var exception = Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => _ = schemaA.Type);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Contains("Circular reference detected while resolving reference:", exception.Message, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task CircularSchemaReferencePairStillSerializesAsAReference()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(CircularSchemaReferencePairJson, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+            var outputStringWriter = new StringWriter(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+            var writer = new OpenApiJsonWriter(outputStringWriter, new OpenApiJsonWriterSettings { Terse = true });
+
+            // Act
+            readResult.Document.SerializeAsV3(writer);
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+            var output = outputStringWriter.ToString();
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Contains(@"""A"":{""$ref"":""#/components/schemas/B""}", output, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+            Assert.Contains(@"""B"":{""$ref"":""#/components/schemas/A""}", output, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void SchemaReferenceChainThatTerminatesStillResolvesTheTarget()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(
+                """
+                {
+                  "openapi": "3.0.0",
+                  "info": { "title": "Test", "version": "0.0.1" },
+                  "paths": {},
+                  "components": {
+                    "schemas": {
+                      "A": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/B" },
+                      "B": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/C" },
+                      "C": { "type": "string", "description": "The concrete schema" }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+                """, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+            var schemaA = readResult.Document.Components!.Schemas!["A"];
+
+            // Act
+            var description = schemaA.Description;
+            var repeatedDescription = schemaA.Description;
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Equal("The concrete schema", description);
+            Assert.Equal("The concrete schema", repeatedDescription);
+            Assert.Equal(JsonSchemaType.String, schemaA.Type);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void DelegatedAccessResolvesEachReferenceOnce()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            const int referenceCount = 100;
+            var references = Enumerable.Range(0, referenceCount)
+                .Select(index => new CountingSchemaReference($"S{index}"))
+                .ToArray();
+            for (var index = 0; index < references.Length - 1; index++)
+            {
+                references[index].ImmediateTarget = references[index + 1];
+            }
+            references[^1].ImmediateTarget = new OpenApiSchema { Description = "end" };
+
+            // Act
+            var description = references[0].Description;
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Equal("end", description);
+            Assert.Equal(referenceCount, references.Sum(reference => reference.TargetAccessCount));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void RecursiveTargetResolvesADeepChainIteratively()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            const int referenceCount = 10_000;
+            var references = Enumerable.Range(0, referenceCount)
+                .Select(index => new CountingSchemaReference($"S{index}"))
+                .ToArray();
+            var concreteTarget = new OpenApiSchema { Description = "end" };
+            for (var index = 0; index < references.Length - 1; index++)
+            {
+                references[index].ImmediateTarget = references[index + 1];
+            }
+            references[^1].ImmediateTarget = concreteTarget;
+
+            // Act
+            var target = references[0].RecursiveTarget;
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Same(concreteTarget, target);
+            Assert.Equal(referenceCount, references.Sum(reference => reference.TargetAccessCount));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void FilteringADocumentWithCircularSchemaReferencesPreservesTheReferences()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(
+                """
+                {
+                  "openapi": "3.0.0",
+                  "info": { "title": "Test", "version": "0.0.1" },
+                  "paths": {
+                    "/test": {
+                      "get": {
+                        "operationId": "getTest",
+                        "responses": {
+                          "200": {
+                            "description": "OK",
+                            "content": {
+                              "application/json": {
+                                "schema": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/A" }
+                              }
+                            }
+                          }
+                        }
+                      }
+                    }
+                  },
+                  "components": {
+                    "schemas": {
+                      "A": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/B" },
+                      "B": { "$ref": "#/components/schemas/A" }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+                """, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+            var predicate = OpenApiFilterService.CreatePredicate(operationIds: "getTest");
+
+            // Act
+            var filtered = OpenApiFilterService.CreateFilteredDocument(readResult.Document, predicate);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.NotNull(filtered.Components);
+            Assert.NotNull(filtered.Components.Schemas);
+            Assert.Contains("A", filtered.Components.Schemas.Keys);
+            Assert.Contains("B", filtered.Components.Schemas.Keys);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void CircularSchemaReferencePairIsStillReportedAsResolved()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(CircularSchemaReferencePairJson, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+            var schemaA = Assert.IsType<OpenApiSchemaReference>(readResult.Document.Components!.Schemas!["A"]);
+
+            // Act
+            var unresolved = schemaA.UnresolvedReference;
+
+            // Assert: the reference does resolve to an element, only the chain never terminates
+            Assert.False(unresolved);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ValidatingADocumentWithACircularSchemaReferencePairDoesNotThrow()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var readResult = OpenApiDocument.Parse(CircularSchemaReferencePairJson, "json");
+            Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
+
+            // Act
+            var errors = readResult.Document.Validate(ValidationRuleSet.GetDefaultRuleSet());
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.NotNull(errors);
+        }
+
+        private sealed class CountingSchemaReference : OpenApiSchemaReference
+        {
+            public CountingSchemaReference(string referenceId)
+                : base(referenceId)
+            {
+            }
+
+            public IOpenApiSchema ImmediateTarget { get; set; }
+
+            public int TargetAccessCount { get; private set; }
+
+            public override IOpenApiSchema Target
+            {
+                get
+                {
+                    TargetAccessCount++;
+                    return ImmediateTarget;
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReferenceTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReferenceTests.cs
index 767ea126f..1fb49794a 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReferenceTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiSecuritySchemeReferenceTests.cs
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSecuritySchemeReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTers
 
             // Act
             _openApiSecuritySchemeReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert            
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public async Task SerializeSecuritySchemeReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTer
 
             // Act
             _openApiSecuritySchemeReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             // Assert
             await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput, inlineLocalReferences);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiTagReferenceTest.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiTagReferenceTest.cs
index e760982d2..f7e1fb62e 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiTagReferenceTest.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Models/References/OpenApiTagReferenceTest.cs
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTagReferenceAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput)
 
         // Act
         _openApiTagReference.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-        await writer.FlushAsync();
+        await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         // Assert            
         await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTagReferenceAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput)
 
         // Act
         _openApiTagReference.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-        await writer.FlushAsync();
+        await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         // Assert
         await Verifier.Verify(outputStringWriter).UseParameters(produceTerseOutput);
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTagAsV3JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput)
 
         // Act
         _openApiTagReference2.SerializeAsV3(writer);
-        await writer.FlushAsync();
+        await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         // Assert 
         Assert.Equal("\"users.user\"", outputStringWriter.ToString());
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ public async Task SerializeTagAsV31JsonWorks(bool produceTerseOutput)
 
         // Act
         _openApiTagReference2.SerializeAsV31(writer);
-        await writer.FlushAsync();
+        await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         // Assert
         Assert.Equal("\"users.user\"", outputStringWriter.ToString());
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ public async Task SerializesADescriptionWithNoMatchingTagDefinition(OpenApiSpecV
                 document.SerializeAsV31(writer);
                 break;
         }
-        await writer.FlushAsync();
+        await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         var expected = version switch
         {
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiJsonReaderTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiJsonReaderTests.cs
index 8b0fac733..e6dd63989 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiJsonReaderTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiJsonReaderTests.cs
@@ -57,6 +57,45 @@ public void ReadValidatesParsedDocumentAgainstConfiguredRules()
         Assert.Equal("Document failed validation.", error.Message);
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public void ReadReturnsValidationErrorForSelfReferentialDiscriminatorSchema()
+    {
+        var reader = new OpenApiJsonReader();
+        using var stream = CreateStream(
+            """
+            {
+              "openapi": "3.0.1",
+              "info": {
+                "title": "Sample",
+                "version": "1.0.0"
+              },
+              "paths": {},
+              "components": {
+                "schemas": {
+                  "Pet": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "discriminator": {
+                      "propertyName": "kind"
+                    },
+                    "oneOf": [
+                      {
+                        "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet"
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            """);
+
+        var result = reader.Read(stream, DocumentLocation, new OpenApiReaderSettings());
+
+        Assert.NotNull(result.Document);
+        Assert.Contains(result.Diagnostic.Errors, error =>
+            error is OpenApiValidatorError validatorError &&
+            validatorError.RuleName == nameof(OpenApiSchemaRules.ValidateSchemaDiscriminator));
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public void ReadReturnsDiagnosticWhenRootNodeCannotBeParsedAsDocument()
     {
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiModelFactoryTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiModelFactoryTests.cs
index 595daabae..f7e9e0431 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiModelFactoryTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiModelFactoryTests.cs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ public class OpenApiModelFactoryTests
     [Fact]
     public async Task LoadDocumentWithCircularSchemaPropertyReferencesShouldSucceed()
     {
-        var filePath = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"{Guid.NewGuid():N}.json");
+        var filePath = Path.Join(Path.GetTempPath(), $"{Guid.NewGuid():N}.json");
         await File.WriteAllTextAsync(filePath, """
 {
     "openapi": "3.0.0",
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(filePath, """
         }
     }
 }
-""");
+""", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         try
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document);
             Assert.Empty(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(filePath, """
     [Fact]
     public async Task LoadDocumentWithCircularRootSchemaReferencesShouldReturnDiagnosticWarning()
     {
-        var filePath = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"{Guid.NewGuid():N}.json");
+        var filePath = Path.Join(Path.GetTempPath(), $"{Guid.NewGuid():N}.json");
         await File.WriteAllTextAsync(filePath, """
 {
     "openapi": "3.0.0",
@@ -82,11 +82,11 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(filePath, """
         }
     }
 }
-""");
+""", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
         try
         {
-            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath);
+            var result = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(filePath, token: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             Assert.NotNull(result.Document);
             Assert.Empty(result.Diagnostic.Errors);
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(filePath, """
     [Fact]
     public async Task UsesSettingsBaseUrl()
     {
-        var tempFilePathReferee = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetTempFileName());
+        var tempFilePathReferee = Path.GetTempFileName();
         await File.WriteAllTextAsync(tempFilePathReferee,
 """
 {
@@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(tempFilePathReferee,
         }
     }
 }
-""");
-        var tempFilePathReferrer = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetTempFileName());
+""", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+        var tempFilePathReferrer = Path.GetTempFileName();
         await File.WriteAllTextAsync(tempFilePathReferrer,
 $$$"""
 {
@@ -193,18 +193,18 @@ await File.WriteAllTextAsync(tempFilePathReferrer,
         }
     }
 }
-""");
+""", TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         // read referrer document to a memory stream
         using var stream = new MemoryStream();
         using var reader = new StreamReader(tempFilePathReferrer);
-        await reader.BaseStream.CopyToAsync(stream);
+        await reader.BaseStream.CopyToAsync(stream, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         stream.Position = 0;
         var baseUri = new Uri(tempFilePathReferrer);
         var settings = new OpenApiReaderSettings
         {
             BaseUrl = baseUri, 
         };
-        var readResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings);
+        var readResult = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(stream, settings: settings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
         Assert.Equal(OpenApiConstants.Json, readResult.Diagnostic.Format);
         Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document);
         Assert.NotNull(readResult.Document.Components);
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ public async Task CanLoadANonSeekableStreamInJsonAndDetectFormat()
         using var nonSeekableStream = new NonSeekableStream(memoryStream);
     
         // When
-        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream);
+        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
     
         // Then
         Assert.NotNull(document);
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ public async Task CanLoadANonSeekableStreamInYamlAndDetectFormat()
         settings.AddYamlReader();
     
         // When
-        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream, settings: settings);
+        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream, settings: settings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
     
         // Then
         Assert.NotNull(document);
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ public async Task CanLoadAnAsyncOnlyStreamInJsonAndDetectFormat()
         await using var nonSeekableStream = new AsyncOnlyStream(memoryStream);
     
         // When
-        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream);
+        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
     
         // Then
         Assert.NotNull(document);
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ public async Task CanLoadAnAsyncOnlyStreamInYamlAndDetectFormat()
         settings.AddYamlReader();
     
         // When
-        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream, settings: settings);
+        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream, settings: settings, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
     
         // Then
         Assert.NotNull(document);
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ public async Task CanLoadANonSeekableStreamInJsonAndDetectFormatWhenPrecededBySp
         using var nonSeekableStream = new NonSeekableStream(memoryStream);
     
         // When
-        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream);
+        var (document, _) = await OpenApiDocument.LoadAsync(nonSeekableStream, cancellationToken: TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
     
         // Then
         Assert.NotNull(document);
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiParameterCookieStyleDeserializationTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiParameterCookieStyleDeserializationTests.cs
index 6a98dea42..0ce7ec4eb 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiParameterCookieStyleDeserializationTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Reader/OpenApiParameterCookieStyleDeserializationTests.cs
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ public async Task SerializeAndDeserializeCookieParameterRoundTrip()
             };
 
             // Act
-            var json = await document.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2);
+            var json = await document.SerializeAsJsonAsync(OpenApiSpecVersion.OpenApi3_2, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
             var result = OpenApiDocument.Parse(json, "json", SettingsFixture.ReaderSettings);
 
             // Assert
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Validations/OpenApiSchemaValidationTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Validations/OpenApiSchemaValidationTests.cs
index 0cb229534..7f5cd47e2 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Validations/OpenApiSchemaValidationTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Validations/OpenApiSchemaValidationTests.cs
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ public void ValidateDefaultShouldNotHaveDataTypeMismatchForSimpleSchema()
         }
 
         [Fact]
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
         public void ValidateExampleAndDefaultShouldNotHaveDataTypeMismatchForSimpleSchema()
         {
             // Arrange
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ public void ValidateExampleAndDefaultShouldNotHaveDataTypeMismatchForSimpleSchem
             // Assert
             Assert.True(result);
         }
+#pragma warning restore CS0618
 
         [Fact]
         public void ValidateEnumShouldNotHaveDataTypeMismatchForSimpleSchema()
@@ -390,5 +392,204 @@ public void ValidateOneOfSchemaPropertyNameContainsPropertySpecifiedInTheDiscrim
             //Assert
             Assert.Empty(errors);
         }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ValidateSchemaDiscriminatorReturnsExistingErrorForSelfCycleWithoutValidDiscriminator()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var schema = new OpenApiSchema
+            {
+                Type = JsonSchemaType.Object,
+                Discriminator = new()
+                {
+                    PropertyName = "type"
+                }
+            };
+            schema.OneOf = [schema];
+
+            var components = new OpenApiComponents
+            {
+                Schemas = new Dictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>
+                {
+                    ["Person"] = schema
+                }
+            };
+
+            // Act
+            var validator = new OpenApiValidator(ValidationRuleSet.GetDefaultRuleSet());
+            var walker = new OpenApiWalker(validator);
+            walker.Walk(components);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Equivalent(new List<OpenApiValidatorError>
+            {
+                new(nameof(OpenApiSchemaRules.ValidateSchemaDiscriminator), "#/schemas/Person/discriminator",
+                    string.Format(SRResource.Validation_SchemaRequiredFieldListMustContainThePropertySpecifiedInTheDiscriminator,
+                        string.Empty, "type"))
+            }, validator.Errors);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+        public void TraverseSchemaElementsReturnsFalseForMultiNodeCycleWithoutDiscriminator()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var first = new OpenApiSchema();
+            var second = new OpenApiSchema();
+            var third = new OpenApiSchema();
+
+            first.OneOf = [second];
+            second.AnyOf = [third];
+            third.AllOf = [first];
+
+            // Act
+            var result = OpenApiSchemaRules.TraverseSchemaElements("type", [first]);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.False(result);
+        }
+#pragma warning restore CS0618
+
+        [Fact]
+#pragma warning disable CS0618
+        public void ValidateChildSchemaAgainstDiscriminatorReturnsTrueForDeepAcyclicTraversal()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            const string discriminatorName = "type";
+            var root = CreateSchemaChain(5000, discriminatorName);
+
+            // Act
+            var result = OpenApiSchemaRules.ValidateChildSchemaAgainstDiscriminator(root, discriminatorName);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.True(result);
+        }
+#pragma warning restore CS0618
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ValidateSchemaDiscriminatorCanFindValidLaterOneOfChild()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var components = new OpenApiComponents
+            {
+                Schemas = new Dictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>
+                {
+                    ["Person"] = new OpenApiSchema
+                    {
+                        Type = JsonSchemaType.Object,
+                        Discriminator = new()
+                        {
+                            PropertyName = "type"
+                        },
+                        OneOf =
+                        [
+                            new OpenApiSchema(),
+                            new OpenApiSchema
+                            {
+                                Properties = new Dictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>
+                                {
+                                    ["type"] = new OpenApiSchema
+                                    {
+                                        Type = JsonSchemaType.String
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        ]
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+
+            // Act
+            var validator = new OpenApiValidator(ValidationRuleSet.GetDefaultRuleSet());
+            var walker = new OpenApiWalker(validator);
+            walker.Walk(components);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Empty(validator.Errors);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ValidateSchemaDiscriminatorChecksOneOfAnyOfAndAllOf()
+        {
+            // Arrange
+            var components = new OpenApiComponents
+            {
+                Schemas = new Dictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>
+                {
+                    ["Person"] = new OpenApiSchema
+                    {
+                        Type = JsonSchemaType.Object,
+                        Discriminator = new()
+                        {
+                            PropertyName = "type"
+                        },
+                        OneOf =
+                        [
+                            new OpenApiSchema()
+                        ],
+                        AnyOf =
+                        [
+                            new OpenApiSchema()
+                        ],
+                        AllOf =
+                        [
+                            new OpenApiSchema
+                            {
+                                Properties = new Dictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>
+                                {
+                                    ["type"] = new OpenApiSchema
+                                    {
+                                        Type = JsonSchemaType.String
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        ]
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+
+            // Act
+            var validator = new OpenApiValidator(ValidationRuleSet.GetDefaultRuleSet());
+            var walker = new OpenApiWalker(validator);
+            walker.Walk(components);
+
+            // Assert
+            Assert.Empty(validator.Errors);
+        }
+
+        private static OpenApiSchema CreateSchemaChain(int depth, string discriminatorName)
+        {
+            var root = new OpenApiSchema();
+            var current = root;
+
+            for (var i = 0; i < depth; i++)
+            {
+                var next = new OpenApiSchema();
+                switch (i % 3)
+                {
+                    case 0:
+                        current.OneOf = [next];
+                        break;
+                    case 1:
+                        current.AnyOf = [next];
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        current.AllOf = [next];
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                current = next;
+            }
+
+            current.Properties = new Dictionary<string, IOpenApiSchema>
+            {
+                [discriminatorName] = new OpenApiSchema
+                {
+                    Type = JsonSchemaType.String
+                }
+            };
+
+            return root;
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiJsonWriterTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiJsonWriterTests.cs
index fa3b0163d..8065c16b3 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiJsonWriterTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiJsonWriterTests.cs
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public async Task WriteStringListAsJsonShouldMatchExpected(string[] stringValues
             }
 
             writer.WriteEndArray();
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var parsedObject = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<List<string>>(outputString.GetStringBuilder().ToString());
             var expectedObject =
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiWriterAnyExtensionsTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiWriterAnyExtensionsTests.cs
index fb315feff..fb537ce39 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiWriterAnyExtensionsTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiWriterAnyExtensionsTests.cs
@@ -173,13 +173,10 @@ public async Task WriteOpenApiDateTimeAsJsonWorksAsync(string inputString, bool
             Assert.Equal(expectedJson, json);
         }
 
-        public static IEnumerable<object[]> BooleanInputs
-        {
-            get =>
-                from input in new[] { true, false }
-                from shouldBeTerse in shouldProduceTerseOutputValues
-                select new object[] { input, shouldBeTerse };
-        }
+        public static IEnumerable<object[]> BooleanInputs { get; } =
+            from input in new[] { true, false }
+            from shouldBeTerse in shouldProduceTerseOutputValues
+            select new object[] { input, shouldBeTerse };
 
         [Theory]
         [MemberData(nameof(BooleanInputs))]
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiWriterSpecialCharacterTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiWriterSpecialCharacterTests.cs
index 66819367c..16a416080 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiWriterSpecialCharacterTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiWriterSpecialCharacterTests.cs
@@ -14,23 +14,20 @@ public class OpenApiWriterSpecialCharacterTests
     {
         static bool[] shouldProduceTerseOutputValues = new[] { true, false };
 
-        public static IEnumerable<object[]> StringWithSpecialCharacters
-        {
-            get =>
-                from inputExpected in new[] {
-                    new[]{ "Test\bTest", "\"Test\\bTest\"" },
-                    new[]{ "Test\fTest", "\"Test\\fTest\""},
-                    new[]{ "Test\nTest", "\"Test\\nTest\""},
-                    new[]{ "Test\rTest", "\"Test\\rTest\""},
-                    new[]{ "Test\tTest", "\"Test\\tTest\""},
-                    new[]{ "Test\\Test", "\"Test\\\\Test\""},
-                    new[]{ "Test\"Test", "\"Test\\\"Test\""},
-                    new[]{ "StringsWith\"Quotes\"", "\"StringsWith\\\"Quotes\\\"\""},
-                    new[]{ "0x1234", "\"0x1234\""},
-                }
-                from shouldBeTerse in shouldProduceTerseOutputValues
-                select new object[] { inputExpected[0], inputExpected[1], shouldBeTerse };
-        }
+        public static IEnumerable<object[]> StringWithSpecialCharacters { get; } =
+            from inputExpected in new[] {
+                new[]{ "Test\bTest", "\"Test\\bTest\"" },
+                new[]{ "Test\fTest", "\"Test\\fTest\""},
+                new[]{ "Test\nTest", "\"Test\\nTest\""},
+                new[]{ "Test\rTest", "\"Test\\rTest\""},
+                new[]{ "Test\tTest", "\"Test\\tTest\""},
+                new[]{ "Test\\Test", "\"Test\\\\Test\""},
+                new[]{ "Test\"Test", "\"Test\\\"Test\""},
+                new[]{ "StringsWith\"Quotes\"", "\"StringsWith\\\"Quotes\\\"\""},
+                new[]{ "0x1234", "\"0x1234\""},
+            }
+            from shouldBeTerse in shouldProduceTerseOutputValues
+            select new object[] { inputExpected[0], inputExpected[1], shouldBeTerse };
 
         [Theory]
         [MemberData(nameof(StringWithSpecialCharacters))]
diff --git a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiYamlWriterTests.cs b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiYamlWriterTests.cs
index e80b5f7f9..97f18df28 100644
--- a/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiYamlWriterTests.cs
+++ b/test/Microsoft.OpenApi.Tests/Writers/OpenApiYamlWriterTests.cs
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public async Task WriteStringListAsYamlShouldMatchExpected(string[] stringValues
             }
 
             writer.WriteEndArray();
-            await writer.FlushAsync();
+            await writer.FlushAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
 
             var actualYaml = outputString.GetStringBuilder()
                 .ToString()